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Diagnostic Findings (diagnostic + finding)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences100%

Selected Abstracts

Current Approaches to Venous Ulcers and Compression

DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 7 2001
FRCPC, Tania J. Phillips MD
Background. Venous ulcers affect as many as 2.5 million people in the United States and can cause substantial pain and loss of function. Objective. To review current approaches to venous ulcers and compression. Method. Treatment options that have been proposed in the literature are discussed utilizing the Cochrane library database, Medline, and the author's clinical experience. Results. Diagnostic findings and management strategies for venous ulcers are reviewed. Conclusion. Good wound care and compression therapy will heal the majority of small venous ulcers of short duration. For ulcers that are slow to heal, other approaches such as venous surgery and grafting with conventional or bioengineered skin substitutes should be considered. [source]

Angiocentric glioma: A case report and review of the literature

DIAGNOSTIC CYTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 6 2010
Ryan T. Mott M.D.
Abstract Angiocentric glioma (AG) is a rare central nervous system (CNS) neoplasm that was only recently recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO). AG occurs in a broad age range, shows no gender predilection, and arises superficially in the cerebrum, usually resulting in medically intractable seizures. Most cases are cured by surgical excision alone, consistent with a WHO grade I neoplasm. We report a case of an AG in the right frontal lobe of a 57-year-old female, emphasizing the cytologic and immunohistochemical features, including confirmation and comparison with the surgical specimen. To our knowledge, this is the first report detailing the cytology of AG, including demonstration of important diagnostic findings that were only appreciated in the cytologic preparations and not in the smears or the surgical specimen. We also compare and contrast AG to other entities in the differential diagnosis and include a review of the literature. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Electroclinical Picture of Autosomal Dominant Nocturnal Frontal Lobe Epilepsy in a Japanese Family

EPILEPSIA, Issue 1 2000
Masatoshi Ito
Summary: Purpose: Autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (ADNFLE) is the first described partial epilepsy syndrome known to be due to a single gene mutation. We found a first Japanese ADNFLE family with a novel mutation of the neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) ,4 subunit (CHRNA4) gene. The aim of this report is precisely to describe the electroclinical manifestations of ADNFLE in this family and to compare these findings with those of other families reported previously in the literature. Methods: Three affected family members were investigated electroclinically by close clinical observation, interictal EEG, video-EEG monitoring, magnetic resonance imaging, and single-photon-emission tomography. Information about other affected family members was obtained from either the spouse or the parents. Mutations within the CHRNA4 gene were examined in seven family members. Results: The clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings in the members of this family were consistent with ADNFLE. However, there were intrafamilial and interfamilial variations in clinical features. The seizures of the patients were brief tonic seizures, with hyperventilation in children and secondarily generalized tonic,clonic convulsions in adults. The onset of the children's seizures began in infancy and early childhood. The children's seizures were sometimes provoked by movement and sound stimulation, and did not respond to antiepileptic drugs. On the other hand, the adults' seizures disappeared spontaneously or were easily controlled with carbamazepine. Three children showed hyperactivity, and two children had mild mental retardation. All patients had impaired consciousness during their seizures and no auras. A novel missense mutation (c755C>T) in exon 5 of the CHRNA4 gene was found in four affected family members. Conclusions: The electroclinical pictures of a Japanese family with ADNFLE were basically the same as those of other families reported, but with slight differences. ADNFLE is probably not uncommon, and it is very likely that there are unidentified patients with this inherited disorder in Japan. [source]

Nodal marginal zone lymphoma: current knowledge and future directions of an heterogeneous disease

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY, Issue 3 2009
Luca Arcaini
Abstract Nodal marginal zone lymphoma (NMZL) is a defined, separate clinicopathological entity. NMZL is a B-cell neoplasm originated in the lymph node, whose histology resembles the nodal infiltration by mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue- or splenic-type marginal zone lymphoma, in the absence of clinical evidence of extranodal or spleen disease. The lack of characteristic phenotypic or molecular diagnostic findings is still hampering the reproducibility of this diagnosis. Herein, we review the main morphological and immunophenotypical markers, discussing the differential with other overlapping entities. We also summarize the clinical features and outcome of this rare lymphoma and we discuss the possible association with hepatitis C virus infection. [source]

Cheyletiella infestation in the dog: observations on diagnostic methods and clinical signs

JOURNAL OF SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE, Issue 10 2004
B. K. Sævik
The aims of this study were to evaluate the ability of diagnostic methods to detect naturally occurring Cheyletiella infestation in dogs, and to quantify and relate the number of mites and eggs present to clinical signs. Privately owned dogs with skin problems were eligible for inclusion in the study. Four diagnostic tests were performed on each dog in the following order: tape impression, hair plucking, skin scraping and vacuum cleaning. Dogs with positive test results for Cheyletiella infestation in at least one of the tests under evaluation were included in the study (n=27). The severity of pruritus and scaling was graded on a four-point fixed scale. The diagnostic findings in vacuum cleaning samples provided a semiquantitative measure of the grade of infestation. The vacuum cleaning test gave a positive test result in all dogs and was significantly more efficient than the other tests evaluated (P<0.01). The number of diagnostic findings varied considerably among the different vacuum samples. No significant relationship between the number of diagnostic findings and severity of clinical signs was detected. [source]

Point-of-care Urine Trypsinogen Testing for the Diagnosis of Pancreatitis

ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Issue 1 2007
Timothy Jang MD
Abstract Objectives To assess a point-of-care (POC) urine trypsinogen (UT) test for the diagnosis of pancreatitis in the emergency department (ED). Methods This was a prospective cohort study of a convenience sample of patients presenting to the ED with abdominal pain or symptoms suggestive of pancreatitis. A 3-minute POC UT test (Actim Pancreatitis; Medix Biochemica, Kauniainen, Finland) was compared with plasma lipase and amylase measurements, imaging results when performed, and final discharge diagnoses. The criterion standard was a final discharge diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. Results Of 191 patients included in this study, 17 patients were diagnosed with either acute or acute-on-chronic pancreatitis. The sensitivity and specificity of UT for acute pancreatitis were, respectively, 100% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 77% to 100%) and 96% (95% CI = 92% to 98%). Seven of the 17 patients with pancreatitis (41%) had diagnostic findings on CT and positive UT tests but had nondiagnostic plasma lipase and amylase levels. Conclusions A POC UT screening test for pancreatitis in the ED compared favorably with plasma lipase and amylase levels. Future studies should be performed to explore whether this test in the ED setting has better clinical utility than plasma lipase or amylase. [source]