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Development Theory (development + theory)
Selected AbstractsPerspectives on Regional Change: A Review Essay on Handbook of Regional Growth and Development TheoriesGROWTH AND CHANGE, Issue 1 2010DEAN M. HANINK Handbook of Regional Growth and Development Theories, edited by Roberta Capello and Peter Nijkamp, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton MA, USA: Edward Elgar, 2009 (xi and 529 pp., £135, $250). ABSTRACT This paper reviews the contributions in The Handbook of Regional Growth and Development Theories, edited by Roberta Capello and Peter Nijkamp. The book's coverage is comprehensive in a conventional way. It emphasizes the significance of recent developments in theoretical and empirical regional analysis that have occurred in both neoclassical (convergence) and new economic geography (concentration) contexts. The role of knowledge spillovers in regional growth receives special attention. Given the recent advances in the field, and renewed interest in regional issues, it is time to expand the focus of analysis from relatively narrow production and distribution concerns, to broader ones that incorporate the effects of structural/sectoral, demographic, and environmental change on the future prospects of regional economies. Such an expansion would not only contribute to the theoretical richness of regional growth and development analysis, it would also do much to expand its utility in guiding public policy. [source] Celso Furtado: Pioneer of Structuralist Development TheoryDEVELOPMENT AND CHANGE, Issue 6 2005Cristóbal Kay First page of article [source] Development Theory and the Economics of Growth.ECONOMICA, Issue 277 2003By Jaime Ros. No abstract is available for this article. [source] Stage Development Theory: A Natural Framework for Understanding the Mediation ProcessNEGOTIATION JOURNAL, Issue 3 2002Lynn C. Holaday Scholars and practitioners of mediation have generally paid little attention to the development of theoretical frameworks for understanding what is taking place in the mediation process. By "borrowing" from stages of adult psychological development theory (in this scheme, physical; bedonistic/impulsive; conformist/authority-seeking; rational/individualistic; and integrative), we can better understand some of the behaviours that people exhibit in mediation and perhaps find ways to help parties expand their bhavioural repertoires so that new avenues for resolution appear to them. Using frequent examples from mediation practice, the author desribes each stage, then assesses the limits and possibilities of relating this theoretical frame work to mediation. She sees this juxtaposition of theory to practice not so much as a "how to" for mediation practice, but rather as a new window through which mediators can view mediation clients, the mediation process, and their own behavior in the mediation room. [source] An Asian American Perspective on Psychosocial Student Development TheoryNEW DIRECTIONS FOR STUDENT SERVICES, Issue 97 2002Corinne Maekawa Kodama Psychosocial student development theory based on predominantly white student populations may not be appropriate for Asian American students. The authors propose a new model of psychosocial development for Asian American students that takes racial identity and external influences into account. [source] Parenting perceptions: Comparing parents of typical and special needs preschoolersPSYCHOLOGY IN THE SCHOOLS, Issue 6 2006Shoshana Sperling Using the Parent Development Theory (PDT; B.A. Mowder, 2005) as the conceptual framework, this research explored parenting related to preschoolers' special needs status. Parents of special needs children rated general welfare and protection as well as sensitivity as the most important parenting characteristics during the preschool years. By comparison, parents of typically developing preschoolers deemed education the most important parent characteristic. Implications of this research are discussed. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 43: 695,700, 2006. [source] The Deep South Network for cancer controlCANCER, Issue S8 2006Building a community infrastructure to reduce cancer health disparities Abstract Given the recent advances in cancer treatment, cancer disparity between whites and African-Americans continues as an unacceptable health problem. African-Americans face a considerable disparity with regard to cancer incidence, survival, and mortality when compared with the majority white population. On the basis of prior research findings, the Deep South Network (DSN) chose to address cancer disparities by using the Community Health Advisor (CHA) model, the Empowerment Theory developed by Paulo Freire, and the Community Development Theory to build a community and coalition infrastructure. The CHA model and empowerment theory were used to develop a motivated volunteer, grassroots community infrastructure of Community Health Advisors as Research Partners (CHARPs), while the coalition-building model was used to build partnerships within communities and at a statewide level. With 883 volunteers trained as CHARPs spreading cancer awareness messages, both African-Americans and whites showed an increase in breast and cervical cancer screening utilization in Mississippi and Alabama. In Mississippi, taking into account the increase for the state as a whole, the proportion that might be attributable to the CHARP intervention was 23% of the increase in pap smears and 117% of the increase in mammograms. The DSN has been effective in raising cancer awareness, improving both education and outreach to its target populations, and increasing the use of cancer screening services. The National Cancer Institute has funded the Network for an additional 5 years. The goal of eliminating cancer health disparities will be pursued in the targeted rural and urban counties in Mississippi and Alabama using Community-Based Participatory Research. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society. [source] Animal Magnetism and Curriculum HistoryCURRICULUM INQUIRY, Issue 2 2007BERNADETTE BAKER ABSTRACT This article elaborates the impact that crises of authority provoked by animal magnetism, mesmerism, and hypnosis in the 19th century had for field formation in American education. Four layers of analysis elucidate how curriculum history's repetitive focus on public school policy and classroom practice became possible. First, the article surveys external conditions of possibility for the enactment of compulsory public schooling. Second, "internal" conditions of possibility for the formation of educational objects (e.g., types of children) are documented via the processes of différance that were generated from within the experiences of confinement. Third, the article maps how these were interpenetrated by animal magnetic debates that were lustered and planished in education's emerging field, including impact upon behavior management practices, the contouring of expertise and authority, the role of Will in intelligence testing and child development theories, and the redefinition of public and private. Last, the article examines implications for curriculum history, whether policy- or practice-oriented, especially around the question of influence, the theorization of child mind, and philosophies of Being. [source] Socio-economic Development and International Migration: A Turkish StudyINTERNATIONAL MIGRATION, Issue 4 2001Ahmet Icduygu The root causes of international migration have been the subject of many studies, a vast majority of which are based on development theories dominated by economy-oriented perspectives. An underlying assumption is that poverty breeds migration. The results, and the conclusions drawn from these studies, differ widely. For instance, whether emigration increases when poverty becomes more extreme, or less extreme, or why it reaches certain levels, are issues on which research still offers a mixed answer. This article investigates the relationship between economic development and migration by taking into consideration the degrees of economic development that form thresholds for migration. It focuses on recent evidence on the development-emigration relationship in Turkey which reflects a dimension of the dynamics and mechanisms facilitating or restricting migratory flows from the country. Using data from the 1995 District-level Socio-economic Development Index of Turkey (DSDI) and the 1990 Census, the principal aim of the article is to provide an analytical base which identifies degrees of local level of development in Turkey, relate these to international migration flows, and examine patterns of the development-migration relationship. [source] Theory-Based Determinants of Youth Smoking: A Multiple Influence Approach,JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 1 2004Scott C. Carvajal This study tested a broad array of determinants of smoking grounded in general social psychological theories, as well as personality and social development theories. Using data from 2,004 middle school students, all proximal and distal determinants significantly predicted smoking in the hypothesized direction. Further, hierarchical logistic regressions showed that intention to smoke, positive and negative attitudes toward smoking, impediments to smoking, self-efficacy to resist smoking, parent norms, and academic success most strongly predicted current smoking. Hierarchical linear regressions suggested that parental relatedness, maladaptive coping strategies, depression, and low academic aspirations most strongly predicted susceptibility to smoking for those who had not yet smoked a cigarette. Global expectancies were the strongest predictor of susceptibility in low socioeconomic status students. These findings may guide the development of future theory-based interventions that produce the greatest reductions in youth smoking. [source] Racing to Theory or Retheorizing Race?JOURNAL OF SOCIAL ISSUES, Issue 1 2009Understanding the Struggle to Build a Multiracial Identity Theory Empirical research on the growing multiracial population in the United States has focused largely on the documentation of racial identification, analysis of psychological adjustment, and understanding the broader political consequences of mixed-race identification. Efforts toward theory construction on multiracial identity development, however, have been largely disconnected from empirical data, mired in disciplinary debates, and bound by historically specific assumptions about race and racial group membership. This study provides a critical overview of multiracial identity development theories, examines the links between theory and research, explores the challenges to multiracial identity theory construction, and proposes considerations for future directions in theorizing racial identity development among the mixed-race population. [source] Graduate and professional student development and student affairsNEW DIRECTIONS FOR STUDENT SERVICES, Issue 115 2006Ann M. Gansemer-Topf Research, Assessment Analyst Student development theories offer frameworks for better understanding and enhancing the experiences of graduate and professional students. [source] An asset-based approach to indigenous development in TaiwanASIA PACIFIC VIEWPOINT, Issue 3 2009William T. Hipwell Abstract Numerous scholars studying community efforts to (re-)establish autonomy have begun to focus on the importance of empowerment in the economic, political and cultural spheres. There is a growing understanding that such empowerment can be hastened by affirmative development strategies that build on community assets and capacities rather than attempting to redress , and thereby emphasising , needs or lack. Such development work reflects intertwined currents in contemporary philosophy, influenced by the thought of Friedrich Nietzsche and of Gilles Deleuze. In Taiwan, a recent resurgence in identities among marginalised aboriginal or indigenous peoples (,Formosans') has been accompanied by novel approaches to development. This discussion heuristically employs a set of development theories that are essentially variants of ,asset-based community development' (ABCD) to suggest that a focus on affirmation and empowerment has been and can be a key to success in Formosan development initiatives. The paper presents the results of qualitative field research, illuminating three case studies of Formosan development , in Tsou, Tayal and Taroko territories. It argues that Formosan development will benefit from a focus on community capacity, political empowerment and social as well as physical assets, and that to an important degree this has already happened in some communities. [source] Natural Resources and Regional Development: An Assessment of Dependency and Comparative Advantage ParadigmsECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY, Issue 1 2003Thomas Gunton Abstract: The role of natural resources in regional development is the subject of a debate between dependency theorists, who argue that natural resources impede development, and comparative-advantage theorists, who argue that resources can expedite development. This debate is assessed by a case study analysis of the impact of resource development on a regional economy. The case study uses a model to estimate the comparative advantage of the resource sector. The results show that natural resources have the potential to provide a significant comparative advantage relative to other economic sectors by virtue of generating resource rent, which is a surplus above normal returns to other factors of production. The case study also shows that there are considerable risks in resource-led growth, including the propensity to dissipate rent and increase community instability by building surplus capacity. These risks are amenable to mitigation because they are largely the result of poor management of resource development. The case study demonstrates that the most productive analytical approach for understanding the role of natural resources in the development process is a synthetic approach, which combines the insights of the dependency and comparative-advantage paradigms into a unified framework. It also demonstrates that the concept of resource rent, which has frequently been ignored in development theory, must be reintegrated into the unified framework to improve the understanding of the role of natural resources in the regional development process. [source] Marginalized for a lifetime: The everyday experiences of gulag survivors in post-Soviet MagadanGEOGRAFISKA ANNALER SERIES B: HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, Issue 1 2006John Round Abstract Over the past decade notions of social capital have become embedded in the social development lexicon, often presented as the ,missing link' within development theory. Much social capital-based research takes Robert Putnam's theorization of the subject as its starting point. Putnam's work argues that social capital can be measured by a region's levels of trust and civic engagement. While its use, and conceptualization, has undergone much academic debate, often formal institutions still employ this very narrow, and arguably Western-centric, reading of the subject. This paper argues that while at the micro-level social capital has little to do with the civic engagement and trust theories posited by Putnam, it still has relevance to the lives of marginalized individuals and is an important factor in their continued survival. To explore this, drawing on extensive qualitative research conducted in Magadan, Moscow and St Petersburg, I critically examine the construction of everyday survival strategies among Gulag survivors living in Russia's far northeast city of Magadan. Denied a return to their ,homeland' upon their release, this group experienced considerable marginalization in the post-Stalin period. This was exacerbated when the collapse of the Soviet Union saw pensions in the far northeast of Russia fall to below 50% of the state-set subsistence minimum. The paper demonstrates the importance of social capital to this group by showing how their survival is based on far more than interactions with formal and informal organizations. [source] Perceptions of and Preferences for Skin Color, Black Racial Identity, and Self-Esteem Among African Americans,JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 11 2001Stephanie Irby Coard The purpose of the present study was to examine the role of skin color (i.e., lightness,darkness), as it pertains to racial identity development theory and self-esteem among 113 African American college students of various skin colors. Findings revealed that the sample preferred skin color of a medium tone, rather than exhibiting self-preference for either lighter or darker skin tones. There was also a significant relationship between one's perceptions of and preferences for his or her skin color and the skin tones idealized by others (e.g., opposite gender, family). Lighter skin color was positively related to higher levels of racial identity attitudes (immersion/emersion); the more satisfied darker skinned individuals were with their skin color, the lower their self-esteem, and gender differences existed in perceptions of others' preferences for skin color. Implications of this study for providing therapeutic clinical services and fostering the healthy psychological development of African American men, women, and children are discussed. [source] The global recession of 2009 in a long-term development perspectiveJOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, Issue 6 2010Charles Gore Abstract This paper argues that the global recession of 2009 marks the ending of a global development cycle which began in the early 1950s. The long-wave rhythm of production and prices in the global development cycle is generated by the life cycle of investment and innovation during a technological revolution, related changes in supply and demand for natural resources, and inertia and transformation in the socio-institutional framework within which development takes place. From this perspective, the global recession is interpreted as a blocked structural transition. Whilst failings in the financial system triggered the global financial crisis, that crisis and the recession are more deeply rooted in contradictions in the global development trajectory. A paradigm shift in development theory and practice is a crucial element of the socio-institutional transformation now necessary to re-boot the global development cycle. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] The private sector, poverty reduction and international developmentJOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, Issue 6 2007Chris Garforth Abstract The private sector, after shifting fortunes in development theory and practice over the years, is now widely recognised as the key to economic growth, which itself is indispensable for poverty reduction. The Development Studies Association (DSA) Annual Conference in 2006 brought together academics, private sector actors, NGOs and policy makers to share insights and experiences on how this vital contribution to growth, development and poverty reduction can be realised. This paper summarises the main themes and discussions of the conference and introduces the papers selected for inclusion in this conference issue. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Explaining organizational change in international development: the role of complexity in anti-corruption workJOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, Issue 8 2004Bryane Michael What explains the rapid expansion of programmes undertaken by donor agencies which may be labelled as ,anti-corruption programmes' in the 1990s? There are four schools of anti-corruption project practice: universalistic, state-centric, society-centric, and critical schools of practice. Yet, none can explain the expansion of anti-corruption projects. A ,complexity perspective' offers a new framework for looking at such growth. Such a complexity perspective addresses how project managers, by strategically interacting, can create emergent and evolutionary expansionary self-organisation. Throughout the ,first wave' of anti-corruption activity in the 1990s, such self-organization was largely due to World Bank sponsored national anti-corruption programmes. More broadly, the experience of the first wave of anti-corruption practice sheds light on development theory and practice,helping to explain new development practice with its stress on multi-layeredness, participation, and indigenous knowledge. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Stage Development Theory: A Natural Framework for Understanding the Mediation ProcessNEGOTIATION JOURNAL, Issue 3 2002Lynn C. Holaday Scholars and practitioners of mediation have generally paid little attention to the development of theoretical frameworks for understanding what is taking place in the mediation process. By "borrowing" from stages of adult psychological development theory (in this scheme, physical; bedonistic/impulsive; conformist/authority-seeking; rational/individualistic; and integrative), we can better understand some of the behaviours that people exhibit in mediation and perhaps find ways to help parties expand their bhavioural repertoires so that new avenues for resolution appear to them. Using frequent examples from mediation practice, the author desribes each stage, then assesses the limits and possibilities of relating this theoretical frame work to mediation. She sees this juxtaposition of theory to practice not so much as a "how to" for mediation practice, but rather as a new window through which mediators can view mediation clients, the mediation process, and their own behavior in the mediation room. [source] Constructions of student development across the generationsNEW DIRECTIONS FOR STUDENT SERVICES, Issue 106 2004C. Carney Strange This chapter explores the dynamics of generational cohort differences and their potential influence on the understandings, emphases, and applications of student development theory. [source] An Asian American Perspective on Psychosocial Student Development TheoryNEW DIRECTIONS FOR STUDENT SERVICES, Issue 97 2002Corinne Maekawa Kodama Psychosocial student development theory based on predominantly white student populations may not be appropriate for Asian American students. The authors propose a new model of psychosocial development for Asian American students that takes racial identity and external influences into account. [source] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||