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Development II (development + ii)
Kinds of Development II Selected AbstractsAssessment of motor development and function in preschool childrenDEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES RESEARCH REVIEW, Issue 3 2005Beth L. Tieman Abstract The process of identification of children with delays or disorders in motor development includes developmental screening, examination, and reexamination. Throughout this process, various types of measures are used, including discriminative and evaluative measures. Discriminative and evaluative measures of motor development and function that are commonly used for preschool-aged children include the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II, Peabody Developmental Motor Scales, 2nd edition, Toddler and Infant Motor Evaluation, Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory, and Gross Motor Function Measure. Selecting an appropriate measure is a crucial part of the examination process and should be geared toward the purpose of testing and characteristics of the child. Evidence of reliability and validity are important considerations for selection of a measure. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. MRDD Research Reviews 2005;11:189,196. [source] Use of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire to predict outcome after hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy in the neonateJOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH, Issue 10 2008Natalie M Lindsay Background: Infants who suffer hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) at birth are at increased risk of developmental disability. In this at-risk population, reliable, inexpensive and early identification of those children who are likely to require formal developmental assessment and intervention is needed. Aim: To evaluate the ability of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) to detect developmentally delayed children in an Australian population of infants who suffered HIE at birth. Methods: Fifty-five children who survived HIE were followed until 12,14 months of age. Test characteristics were calculated to examine the ability of the ASQ to appropriately identify developmentally delayed infants against this study's ,gold standard': the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II. Results: Comparing the ASQ with the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II, the questionnaire had the following test characteristics: sensitivity 92%, specificity 95%, positive predictive value 92%, negative predictive value 95% when used to detect severe developmental delay; and sensitivity 67%, specificity 93%, positive predictive value 92%, negative predictive value 68% when used to detect both severe and mild developmental delay. However, the ASQ used at standard cut-offs failed to detect any of the children with mild delay. Conclusions: The ASQ is extremely effective for the detection of severe developmental delay in children who have suffered HIE at birth. Its capacity to identify those with milder delay is limited. The ability of the test to detect only those with severe developmental delay means that the ASQ is of little value as a screening tool in this population. [source] Neuropsychological outcome of children with asymmetric ventricles or unilateral mild ventriculomegaly identified in uteroBJOG : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 5 2007S Sadan Design, To assess the neuropsychological outcome of children with asymmetric ventricles and unilateral ventriculomegaly identified in utero. Setting, Fetal neurology clinic. Population, We assessed 21 children with asymmetric ventricles (group 1) and 20 children with unilateral ventriculomegaly (group 2) identified in utero and compared them with a group of 20 children with symmetric ventricles using a formal neuropsychological tool: the Bayley Scale of Infant Development II (BSID-II). Main outcome measures, The group of children with unilateral ventriculomegaly scored significantly lower than the control group on the mental developmental index (MDI) and on the behaviour rating scale (BRS) but not on the psychomotor index. The group of children with asymmetric ventricles did not differ significantly from the control group on either the MDI or psychomotor developmental index but differed from the latter on the BRS. Fifteen percent of the children in the asymmetric ventriculomegaly group performed two SDs below average compared with 4% of children in the asymmetrical ventricles group and none of the control. Conclusion, Our results indicate that prenatally observed unilateral ventriculomegaly is a significant risk factor for developmental delay. The mental and motor outcome of children with asymmetric ventricles is similar to that of the control group, but these children are at a significant risk for behavioural abnormalities. [source] Impact of chorioamnionitis and preeclampsia on neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infants below 32 weeks gestational ageACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 10 2010Luregn J Schlapbach Abstract Aim:, Intrauterine conditions may interfere with foetal brain development. We compared the neurodevelopmental outcome between infants <32 weeks gestational age after maternal preeclampsia or chorioamnionitis and controls. Methods:, Case-control study on infants with maternal preeclampsia, chorioamnionitis and controls (each n = 33) matched for gestational age. Neurodevelopment at 2 years was assessed with the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II. Results:, A total of 99 infants were included with a median gestational age of 29 weeks (range 25,32). Median mental developmental index (MDI) was 96 in the control, 90 in the chorioamnionitis and 86 in the preeclampsia group. Preeclampsia infants had a lower MDI compared with the control group (univariate p = 0.021, multivariate p = 0.183) and with the chorioamnionitis group (univariate p = 0.242; multivariate p = 0.027). Median psychomotor index was 80.5 in the control, 80 in the preeclampsia and 85 in the chorioamnionitis group and was not different between these three groups (p > 0.05). Chorioamnionitis or preeclampsia exposure was not associated with major neurodevelopmental impairments (cerebral palsy, MDI<70, PDI<70). Conclusion:, The results of this preliminary study suggest that preeclampsia and chorioamnionitis play a relatively minor role among risk factors for adverse neurodevelopment outcome. Postnatal factors such as ventilation and bronchopulmonary dysplasia may have a greater impact on neurodevelopmental outcome. [source] Smoking in pregnancy: a risk factor for adverse neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infants?ACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 7 2010U Kiechl-Kohlendorfer Abstract Aim:, To assess whether smoking in pregnancy influences neurodevelopmental outcome at 2-years of age in preterm infants with a gestational age <32 weeks. Methods:, Between January 2003 and December 2005 we prospectively enrolled 181 infants born alive between 23 and 32 weeks of gestation; 142 infants (78.5%) completed the follow-up visit. The association between candidate risk factors and delayed motor or mental development (Bayley Scales of Infant Development II; psychomotor or mental developmental index <85) was analysed by means of logistic regression analysis. Results:, Low maternal age, smoking in pregnancy, low gestational age, low birth weight, small for gestational age, chronic lung disease, intracerebral haemorrhage, periventricular leucomalacia, and retinopathy of prematurity (stages 3 and 4) all were associated with an increased risk for delayed development (p < 0.05, each). Smoking in pregnancy, small for gestational age and chronic lung disease maintained significance in a multivariable analysis. Conclusion:, Smoking in pregnancy emerged as a risk predictor for adverse neurodevelopmental outcome in our study. Strategies to reduce smoking in pregnancy should be further endorsed. [source] Psychopathology among preterm infants using the Diagnostic Classification Zero to ThreeACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 12 2009A Janssens Abstract Aim:, To compare the prevalence of psychopathology in infants born preterm with matched full-term infants at the corrected age of 1 year. Methods:, Between June 2003 and April 2005, a case-control longitudinal cohort study was conducted at the neonatal unit of the University Hospital of Antwerp, Belgium. We prospectively enrolled 123 live-born infants between 25 and 35 weeks of gestation and/or infants with a birth-weight of <1500 g. Thirty full-term infants were recruited among day care centres in the region. Diagnoses were based on the Diagnostic Classification Zero to Three (DC: 0,3), using the MacArthur Communicative Developmental Inventory Dutch version, Infant,Toddler Sensory Profile, Bayley Scales of Infant Development II, Parent Infant Relationship Global Assessment Scale and Functional Emotional Assessment Scale. Results:, At the (corrected) age of 12 months, 89 infants were eligible for follow-up and complete data were available for 69 (77%) infants. Fifty-four percentage of the preterm infants fulfilled one or more DC 0,3 diagnoses. Premature infants had significantly more diagnoses than full-term infants on axis I, axis III and axis V of the DC: 0,3. Conclusion:, In this study, the prevalence of psychopathology was significantly higher among preterm infants in comparison with full-term infants. This study did not confirm previous findings of higher rates of relationship disorders among preterm infants. [source] Ultrasound diagnosis of brain atrophy is related to neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infantsACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 12 2005Sandra Horsch Abstract Background: Intraventricular haemorrhage and periventricular leukomalacia are associated with poor outcome of very preterm infants, while the role of more subtle cerebral alterations, as detected by cranial ultrasound, is less clear. Aim: In this study, we related periventricular echodensities and signs of brain atrophy to neurodevelopmental outcome at 3 y of age. Patients and methods: All preterm infants born in 1997 in our institution with a gestational age <32 wk or birthweight <1500 g were subjected to repeated standardized cranial ultrasound examinations until discharge. Survivors were examined at 3 y of age employing the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II. Results: Eighty-seven infants were enrolled (birthweight 430,2500 g (median 1200 g), gestational age 24,34 wk (median 29 wk)). Periventricular echodensities were detected in 42 infants (48%); in 12 cases persisting <7 d, in 30 cases >7 d. At discharge, 18 infants (22%) had signs of brain atrophy. Neurodevelopmental outcome was assessed in 64 infants. Infants with signs of brain atrophy scored significantly lower on MDI (atrophy 91.8, no atrophy 101.9; p=0.02), PDI (atrophy 91.4, no atrophy 106.5; p=0.001) and Behaviour Rating Scale (atrophy 41.1, no atrophy 66.4; p=0.01) than infants without atrophy. Periventricular echodensities were not related to outcome. Conclusion: Our data show that infants with sonographic signs of brain atrophy at discharge achieve lower scores in neurodevelopmental testing at 3 y. [source] Adverse neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infants: risk factor profiles for different gestational agesACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 5 2009U Kiechl-Kohlendorfer Abstract Aim: Assessment of risk predictors for adverse neurodevelopmental outcome at 1 year of age in preterm infants with a gestational age <30 weeks (Group I) and 30,32 weeks (Group II). Methods: Between January 2003 and December 2006, we prospectively enrolled 310 live-born infants between 23 and 32 weeks of gestation. The association between candidate risk factors and delayed motor or mental development (Bayley Scales of infant development II; psychomotor or mental developmental index <85) was analysed by means of logistic regression analysis. Results: Two hundred and fifty infants were eligible for follow-up, and 205 (82.0%) completed the follow-up visit. Intracerebral haemorrhage, small for gestational age and late-onset sepsis were associated with an increased risk for delayed development in Group I (p < 0.05, each). Premature rupture of membranes was a risk condition relevant to Group II. Antenatal steroids were associated with a decreased risk of neurodevelopmental delay in both groups. Conclusion: This study identified distinct risk factors for adverse outcome in preterm infants of lower (<30 weeks) and higher (30,32 weeks) gestational age. In the lower gestational age group, neonatal risk predictors are most important. Antenatal steroids appear to decrease the risk for adverse outcome in both age groups. [source] | ||||||||||