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Depressive Mood (depressive + mood)
Selected AbstractsDepression in Croatian Type 2 diabetic patients: prevalence and risk factors.DIABETIC MEDICINE, Issue 7 2005A Croatian survey from the European Depression in Diabetes (EDID) Research Consortium Abstract Aims To determine the prevalence rate of and risk factors for depression in Croatian Type 2 diabetic patients. Methods Depressive mood was examined in 384 randomly selected outpatients with Type 2 diabetes. Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID) were used to identify depressive disturbances. The groups with CES-D , 16 and < 16 were compared with respect to demographic, psychological and clinical characteristics. Regression analysis was used to determine risk factors for depression. Results Of the examined patients, 22% had CES-D scores , 16, and in 33% of them clinical depression was confirmed by the psychiatric interview. Depressed patients compared with the non-depressed ones reported more diabetes-related problems and poorer well-being (t = 6.71, P < 0.001 and t = 11.98, P < 0.001, respectively). Multiple regression analysis indicated female gender, experienced support and the level of emotional well-being to predict depression (R = 0.74, F = 15.3, P < 0.001). Conclusions The obtained data indicate that the prevalence rate in Croatian Type 2 diabetic patients is comparable to findings from other cultural settings. Depressive symptoms can be predicted by psychological rather than disease-related variables. Psychological care for diabetic patients may be necessary to prevent depressive symptomatology. [source] Usefulness of measuring serum markers in addition to comprehensive geriatric assessment for cognitive impairment and depressive mood in the elderlyGERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, Issue 1 2006Hidenori Arai Background: To determine the utility of various serum markers for assessment of cognitive and mental functions in the elderly, we performed a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) in the out-patient clinic in Kyoto University Hospital. Methods: We measured serum levels of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), DHEA-S, malondialdehyde low-density lipoproteins (MDA-LDL), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in 145 patients to find the association of these markers with activities of daily living (ADL), cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms. Results: We found that the levels of hs-CRP were significantly higher in patients with lower scores in Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Kohs block design test, and higher scores in the button test, indicating that hs-CRP may be associated with the cognitive function in elderly patients. We also found that the levels of DHEA-S were lower in patients with higher scores (9 or over) on the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS), indicating that DHEA-S may be associated with depressive mode in elderly patients. Total cholesterol, high-density cholesterol (HDL-C), or albumin were not statistically different in each group studied. Conclusions: Thus, our data indicate that measuring hs-CRP and DHEA-S would be helpful to assess the cognitive function and depressive symptoms in elderly patients. [source] Effect of serotonin 1A agonist tandospirone on depression symptoms in senile patients with dementiaHUMAN PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY: CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL, Issue 4 2002Yutaka Masuda Abstract The treatment of depression in senile patients with dementia is difficult with the drugs used formerly. The effects of a new anxiolytic drug, tandospirone, were investigated on depression symptoms in nine senile patients with dementia using Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) items. Tandospirone improved the symptoms, especially the depressive mood, agitation and anxiety, although a slight gastrointestinal symptom was found in one patient. The findings in the present study may suggest that tandospirone is a useful and comparatively safe drug for depression symptoms in senile patients with dementia. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Depressive Illness in Teens and Preteens and Effectiveness of the RADS-2 as a First-Stage Assessment.JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC NURSING, Issue 3 2009Part 1: Descriptive Paper PROBLEM:, Measurement of the characteristics and severity of depression in adolescence is an emerging science. During patient assessment, or if using first-stage screening measures in practice, nurses must be confident that these instruments demonstrate high levels of accuracy in capturing the specific features of depressive symptoms expressed in diverse individuals. METHODS:, A review of the scientific literature of depressive illness and its assessment in teens and preteens is presented. The Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale,Revised (RADS-2) measure is introduced and evaluated from a nursing practice standpoint. FINDINGS:, The RADS-2 is easy to use and demonstrates good reliability, validity, and construct features, providing evidence for nurses that the measure can be used with confidence in assessment of depressive symptoms in adolescents. CONCLUSIONS:, The RADS-2 is an effective first-stage assessment of depressive mood in teens and preteens. [source] Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for tinnitusJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 2 2004Gerhard Andersson Tinnitus is a common otological problem that is often resistant to surgical or medical interventions. In common with chronic pain, cognitive-behavioral treatment has been found to alleviate the distress and improve the functioning of tinnitus patients. Recently, a self-help treatment has been developed for use via the Internet. In this article, we describe the self-help program and apply it to a middle-aged woman with tinnitus. We report the case formulation, which was done in a structured interview, and the treatment interactions, which were conducted via e-mail. The self-help program was presented on Web pages, and weekly diaries were submitted to follow progress and give feedback. The treatment was successful with reductions of tinnitus-related annoyance and anxious and depressive mood. Implications for Internet administration of self-help treatment are discussed. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol/In Session. [source] Deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease dissociates mood and motor circuits: A functional MRI case studyMOVEMENT DISORDERS, Issue 12 2003Taresa Stefurak MD Abstract Behavioral disturbances have been reported with subthalamic (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) treatment in Parkinson's disease (PD). We report correlative functional imaging (fMRI) of mood and motor responses induced by successive right and left DBS. A 36-year-old woman with medically refractory PD and a history of clinically remitted depression underwent uncomplicated implantation of bilateral STN DBS. High-frequency stimulation of the left electrode improved motor symptoms. Unexpectedly, right DBS alone elicited several reproducible episodes of acute depressive dysphoria. Structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) imaging was carried out with sequential individual electrode stimulation. The electrode on the left was within the inferior STN, whereas the right electrode was marginally superior and lateral to the intended STN target within the Fields of Forel/zona incerta. fMRI image analysis (Analysis of Functional NeuroImages, AFNI) contrasting OFF versus ON stimulation identified significant lateralized blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal changes with DBS (P < 0.001). Left DBS primarily showed changes in motor regions: increases in premotor and motor cortex, ventrolateral thalamus, putamen, and cerebellum as well as decreases in sensorimotor/supplementary motor cortex. Right DBS showed similar but less extensive change in motor regions. More prominent were the unique increases in superior prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate (Brodmann's area [BA] 24), anterior thalamus, caudate, and brainstem, and marked widespread decreases in medial prefrontal cortex (BA 9/10). The mood disturbance resolved spontaneously in 4 weeks despite identical stimulation parameters. Transient depressive mood induced by subcortical DBS stimulation was correlated with changes in mesolimbic cortical structures. This case provides new evidence supporting cortical segregation of motor and nonmotor cortico-basal ganglionic systems that may converge in close proximity at the level of the STN and the adjacent white matter tracts (Fields of Forel/zona incerta). © 2003 Movement Disorder Society [source] Scopoli's work in the field of mercurialism in light of today's knowledge: Past and present perspectivesAMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE, Issue 5 2010Alfred Bogomir Kobal MD Abstract The Idrija Mercury Mine (1490,1994) appointed its first physician, Joannes Antonius Scopoli, in 1754. Most of his descriptions of mercurialism are still relevant today. This study highlights Scopoli's observations on the interaction between elemental mercury (Hg°) and alcohol, on the appearance of lung impairment, insomnia, and depressive mood in mercurialism. This presentation is based on Scopoli's experiences presented in his book, De Hydrargyro Idriensi Tentamina (1761), current knowledge, and our own experience acquired through health monitoring of occupational Hg° exposure. Some studies have confirmed Scopoli's observation that alcohol enhances mercurialism and his hypothesis that exposure to high Hg° concentrations causes serious lung impairment. Neurobiological studies have highlighted the influence of Hg° on sleep disorder and depressive mood observed by Scopoli. Although today's knowledge provides new perspectives of Scopoli's work on mercurialism, his work is still very important and can be considered a part of occupational medicine heritage. Am. J. Ind. Med. 53:535-547, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Relationships Among Depressive Mood Symptoms and Parent and Peer Relations in Collegiate Children of AlcoholicsAMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPSYCHIATRY, Issue 2 2010Michelle L. Kelley Relationships among adult children of alcoholics (ACOAs) and parent and peer relations and depressive mood were examined among 136 ACOAs and 436 non-ACOAs. As compared to non-ACOAs, ACOAs reported less positive relationships to mothers, fathers, and peers, and more depressive mood; however, more positive relationships to parents and peers significantly reduced the strength of the association between ACOA categorization and depressive mood. Examination of data from ACOAs alone revealed that maternal alcoholism was related to less positive relationships to their mothers and to their peers; however, paternal alcoholism did not predict the quality of the relationship to fathers, mothers, or peers. Attachment to parents and peers and the gender of the alcohol-abusing parent were associated with depressive symptoms among ACOAs. [source] Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia in untreated Alzheimer's disease patientsPSYCHOGERIATRICS, Issue 1 2007Atsushi HAMURO Abstract Background:, To ascertain the prevalence of psychotic symptoms and behavioral disturbances of dementia patients is useful for families and health care professionals in order to anticipate the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and to recognize deterioration. This study aimed to determine whether behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are related to severity of untreated AD. Methods:, Two hundred and two patients were classified into three groups by Functional Assessment Staging score as follows: mild group (n = 92) was at stages 3 or 4; moderate group (n = 80) was at stage 5; and severe group (n = 30) was at stages 6 or 7. We then compared the prevalence of BPSD among the groups. Psychiatric symptoms of BPSD were defined as including hallucinations, delusions, delusional misidentification syndrome and depressive mood; while behavioral disturbances included physical aggression, wandering, adverse sleep and hyperphagia. Results:, In our study, depressive mood, physical aggression and wandering were statistically associated with the severity of AD. Conclusion:, These results are meaningful for caregivers in helping them to understand the anticipated progression of AD and to recognize deterioration. In the care of AD patients, it is necessary to be aware of characteristics of each BPSD. [source] Gender difference and caregivers' burden in early-onset Alzheimer's diseasePSYCHOGERIATRICS, Issue 3 2005Maki TAKANO Abstract Background: Caregiver burden is the stress experienced as a result of caregiving. Despite the increasing number of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients who are cared for at home, little has been published about the caregiver burden pertaining to caregivers of early-onset AD patients. The objective of this study was to examine the difference between the genders with respect to the careburden of early-onset AD caregivers. Methods: Twenty-four patients with early-onset AD and their caregivers participated in this study. Dementia severity, caregiver's burden, depressive mood and behavioral disturbance were measured and examined. Results: There was no significant difference between female and male caregivers in terms of careburden or depressive mood. However, when correlations were considered, female caregivers showed significant associations between careburden and the patient's age. Associations between the subscales of careburden were also shown for female caregivers. However. there was no significant correlation between the subscales of careburden and dementia severity and the number of behavioral problems for either female or male caregivers. Depression scores showed only correlations with the subscales of careburden for female caregivers. Conclusion: The present study examined the difference between the genders with respect to the care burden experienced by caregivers of early-onset AD patients. The results reinforce those of previous studies in that female caregivers are more likely to experience careburden than male caregivers. The present study indicates the importance of mental health support for female caregivers. [source] Effects of nicotine and caffeine, separately and in combination, on EEG topography, mood, heart rate, cortisol, and vigilancePSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY, Issue 5 2000David G. Gilbert Effects of nicotine and caffeine, separately and in combination, were assessed in 12 male habitual smokers in a repeated-measures design. Caffeine (0-mg vs. two 150-mg doses administered in a decaffeinated/sugar-free cola drink post-baseline and 90 min later) was crossed with nicotine (ad libitum own dosing vs. 1.0-mg machine-delivered dose vs. 0.05-mg machine-delivered dose). Participants smoked a total of five cigarettes at 30-min intervals over a 2-hr period. Caffeine and nicotine had large effect sizes on electroencephalogram (EEG) power; however, these effects were modulated by the eyes open versus closed condition, the other drug, and electrode site. EEG effects of open versus closed eyes tended to be of the same size and direction as those of nicotine and caffeine. However, whereas nicotine increased EEG power in some higher frequency bands in some conditions, caffeine decreased EEG power across almost all conditions. Serum cortisol concentration, vigor, and pleasantness were increased by nicotine, but not by caffeine. Level of depressive mood depended on an interaction of caffeine and nicotine. Vigilance performance was enhanced significantly by caffeine and was increased almost significantly by nicotine. The findings were interpreted in terms of common and differential mechanisms of the two drugs. [source] Factors influencing quality of life in multiple sclerosis patients: disability, depressive mood, fatigue and sleep qualityACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 1 2004I. S. Lobentanz Objectives , In a series of 504 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), quality of life (QOL) and its main clinical and demographic determinants were assessed in comparison with healthy individuals. Materials and methods , A postal questionnaire with self-completed measures of disability (Expanded Disability Status Scale, EDSS), QOL (Quality of Life Index, QLI), depressive mood (Self-rating Depression Scale, SDS), fatigue severity (Fatigue Severity Scale, FSS) and sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI) was sent to this sample of MS patients. Results , Most patients were severely disabled; almost half were mildly to severely depressed, suffering from reduced sleep quality and/or fatigue. The multiple sclerosis patients had significantly lower QLI scores than healthy controls. EDSS and SDS scores were found to be predictors of global QLI score. Regarding the different QLI domains, mean SDS scores remained predictive for all QLI items, while mean EDSS, PSQI and FSS scores were only predictive for physical domains. Conclusion , Our study clearly demonstrates that depressive mood is the main factor influencing QOL. The disability status, fatigue and reduced sleep quality have an impact mainly on physical domains of life quality. [source] The influence of folate serum levels on depressive mood and mental processing in patients with epilepsy treated with enzyme-inducing anti-epileptic drugsACTA NEUROPSYCHIATRICA, Issue 2 2003J. Rösche Background: Folate deficiency is common in patients with epilepsy and also occurs in patients with depression or cognitive deficits. Objective: This study investigates whether low serum folate levels may contribute to depressive mood and difficulties in mental processing in patients with epilepsy treated with anti-epileptic drugs inducing the cytochrome P450. Methods: We analysed the serum folate levels, the score in the Self Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and the results of a bedside test in mental processing in 54 patients with epilepsy. Results: There was a significant negative correlation between the serum folate levels and the score in SDS and significant positive correlations between the score in SDS and the time needed to process an interference task or a letter-reading task. Conclusions: Low serum folate levels may contribute to depressive mood and therefore to difficulties in mental processing. Further studies utilizing total plasma homocysteine as a sensitive measure of functional folate deficiency and more elaborate tests of mental processing are required to elucidate the impact of folate metabolism on depressive mood and cognitive function in patients with epilepsy. [source] Pre-adolescent gender differences in associations between temperament, coping, and moodCLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHOTHERAPY (AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THEORY & PRACTICE), Issue 4 2010Gerly M. De Boo Abstract Relationships between temperament, coping, depressive and aggressive mood in 8,12-year-old boys (n = 185) and girls (n = 219) were investigated, with a focus on gender differences. Children completed two self-report questionnaires: the Early Adolescent Temperament Questionnaire-Revised and Children's Coping Strategies Checklist-Revised1. Comparing boys and girls on three temperament dimensions, positive affectivity, negative affectivity and effortful control, girls scored higher than boys on the first two dimensions. Girls also scored higher than boys on avoidant coping and depressive mood. For both boys and girls, aggressive and depressive mood were predicted by negative affectivity. Coping did not add towards this prediction. Gender specific models of temperament, coping and depressive mood were tested. For girls, both effortful control and active problem solving, accounted for the variability in depressive mood. For boys, only effortful control accounted for variance in depressive mood. Results showed that gender specific vulnerability to depression in girls is apparent before adolescence and can be linked to temperament and coping. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Key Practitioner Message: Pre-adolescent girls are more vulnerable to depression than boys. Interventions focussing on self-control, emotion regulation and active coping are tailored towards vulnerabilities in temperament and coping in girls. [source] Psychotic features in borderline patients: is there a connection to mood dysregulation?BIPOLAR DISORDERS, Issue 4 2005Benvenuti A Objective:, To investigate the relationship between lifetime mood and psychotic spectrum features in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). Method:, The study sample consisted of BPD patients with (n = 39, BPD-M) or without (n = 21, BPD-noM) lifetime mood disorders. The diagnostic assessment was conducted with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I). The diagnosis of BPD was made clinically and then confirmed by Gunderson's diagnostic interview for borderlines. Subjects were also administered the Structured Clinical Interview for Psychotic Spectrum (SCI-PSY) and the Mood Spectrum self-report questionnaire (MOODS-SR). Results:, BPD-M had significantly higher scores than BPD-noM on the ,lifetime' mood spectrum subdomains ,depressive mood' and ,depressive cognition'. The two groups did not differ on the scores of psychotic spectrum except for higher ,hypertrophic self-esteem' scores in BPD-noM. In BPD-noM both the depressive and the manic-hypomanic component of mood spectrum were significantly correlated with the ,delusion' subdomain of the psychotic spectrum. The depressive component was correlated with ,depersonalization/derealization' and the manic-hypomanic component was correlated with ,hypertrophic self-esteem'. In BPD-M, the manic-hypomanic component of mood spectrum was correlated with different subdomains of the psychotic spectrum: ,hypertrophic self-esteem', ,self-reference', ,interpretive attitude', ,anger/overreactivity, ,unusual and odd thoughts', ,illusions', ,delusions', ,hallucinations' and ,catatonia'. The depressive component of mood spectrum was ,uncorrelated' with the subdomains of the psychotic spectrum. Conclusions:, Our data support the hypothesis that ,lifetime' manic-hypomanic mood dysregulations are correlated with psychotic spectrum features in borderline patients. The assessment of these spectrum features in borderline patients may be useful to inform treatment choices. [source] Effects of group work programs on community-dwelling elderly people with age-associated cognitive decline and/or mild depressive moods: A Kahoku Longitudinal Aging StudyGERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, Issue 4 2005Kiyohito Okumiya Background: Age-associated cognitive decline (AACD) is a predictor of dementia and highly prevalent among elderly people. Many elderly people with AACD also suffer from depressive moods. We studied, the effect of group work programs on the cognitive function and quality of life (QOL) of community-dwelling elderly people with AACD and/or mild depressive moods. Methods: Thirty-six subjects, with a mean age of 79.8 years, were included in this study. Twenty-one suffered from both AACD and mild depressive moods, nine suffered from mild depressive moods and six from AACD. Subjects were required to participate in a number of group work programs, such as music therapy, handicrafts and so on. They were assigned to one of two groups, and each participated in two 4-month sessions. In the first session, group 1 participated in the group work programs, while group 2 did not (control). In the second session, group 2 participated while group 1 did not. The effect of group work on elderly people with AACD (n = 27) and depressive moods (n = 31), was evaluated separately. Results: Improvement was observed in depressive moods and QOL (visual analogue scale of family relation, friendship and happiness, life satisfaction index) in subjects with cognitive impairment and depressive moods. The effect on cognitive function was shown only in elderly individuals suffering from depressive moods. The improvement in depressive moods and QOL seemed to be accompanied by an improvement in cognitive function but did not continue after completion of the group work program. Conclusion: Group work was shown to improve depressive moods, QOL and cognitive function; however, long-term effects require further examination. [source] Prevalence and characteristics of older community residents with mild cognitive declineGERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, Issue 2 2002Yoshinori Fujiwara Background:, Cognitive impairment is a major health issue, but epidemiological data on mild cognitive decline have been almost absent in Japan. Methods: Of all residents aged 65 years and over living in Yoita town, Niigata Prefecture, Japan in the year 2000 (n = 1673), 1544 participated in the interview survey held at community halls or at home (92.3% response). They underwent the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for assessment of cognitive function and answered questionnaires comprising socio-demographic, psychological, physical and medical, and social activity items. Higher-level functional capacities were evaluated with the Tokyo Metropolitan Index of Competence (TMIG-Index of Competence). According to subject's age and MMSE score, all subjects were classified into 3 groups: control (MMSE,>,1 SD below age-specific means), mild cognitive decline (MMSE,,,21 and ,,1 SD below age-specific means), and severe cognitive decline (MMSE,,,20), and compared various characteristics among these groups. Results: Mean MMSE score of the subjects showed a linear decline with advancing age. Among the participants, 232 (15.2%) were classified as mild cognitive decline. Compared with the controls, the subjects with mild cognitive decline reported poorer subjective health, more depressive moods, more history of stroke, more prevalence of basic activity of daily living (BADL) disability, and lower higher-level functional capacity, even after controlling for possible confounding factors. They also reported a low level of social activities: both participating in group activities and enjoying hobbies were less frequent. Their food intake pattern tended to be monotonous. Conclusions: Older persons with mild cognitive decline comprised a substantial proportion (15.2%) of the community-dwelling older population. In addition to lower cognitive function, they had lower levels of functional capacity and social activity. [source] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||