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Dementia Subtypes (dementia + subtype)
Selected AbstractsDementia, cognitive impairment and mortality in persons aged 65 and over living in the community: a systematic review of the literatureINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY, Issue 8 2001Michael E. Dewey Abstract Background No recent attempt has been made to synthesise information on mortality and dementia despite the theoretical and practical interest in the topic. Our objective was to estimate the influence on mortality of cognitive impairment and dementia. Methods Data sources were Medline, Embase, personal files and colleagues' records. Studies were considered if they included a majority of persons aged 65 and over at baseline either drawn from a total community sample or drawn from a random sample from the community. Samples from health care facilities were excluded. The search located 68 community studies. Effect sizes were extracted from the studies and if they were not included in the published studies, effect sizes were calculated where possible: this was possible for 23 studies of cognitive impairment and 32 of dementia. No attempt was made to contact authors for missing data. Results For the studies of cognitive impairment Fisher's method (a vote counting method), gave a p -value (from eight studies) of 0.00001. For studies of dementia, age-adjusted confidence intervals (CI) were pooled (odds ratio (OR) 2.63 with 95% CI 2.17 to 3.21 from six studies). Conclusions Levels of cognitive impairment commonly found in community studies give rise to an increased risk of mortality, and this appears to be true even for quite mild levels of impairment. The analysis confirms the increased risk of mortality for dementia, but reveals a dearth of information on the causes of the excess mortality and on possible effect modification by age, dementia subtype or other variables. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Association between cognition and daily life functioning in dementia subtypesINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY, Issue 7 2009Sharon F. M. Bouwens Abstract Objective To investigate the association between cognition and daily life functioning in dementia subtypes. Methods Cross-sectional data were used from 615 patients with dementia who were referred to the Maastricht Memory Clinic of the Maastricht University Medical Centre. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated between the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE; to measure cognitive status) and the Blessed Dementia Scale (BDS; to measure daily life functioning) for the following types of dementia: Alzheimer's Disease (AD, n,=,442); Vascular dementia (VaD, n,=,113); frontotemporal dementia (FTD, n,=,18); Parkinson's dementia (PD, n,=,21); and primary progressive aphasia (PPA, n,=,21). One-way ANOVA was used to test differences in age, MMSE scores and BDS scores across dementia subtypes. Results Scores on the MMSE showed strong correlation with BDS scores in cases of FTD (r,=,,0.80); moderate correlation in cases of AD, VaD, and PD (range r,=,,0.50,0.60); while no correlation was found in PPA cases. Conclusions The association between cognition and daily life functioning varied among dementia subtypes for AD, VaD, FTD and PD. Furthermore, the overall scores on both domains differ between dementia subtypes, indicating that different types of dementia are characterized by a specific pattern of cognitive status and daily life functioning. These findings underline the need for multidomain assessment in patients with dementia. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Incidence of Dementia, Alzheimer's Disease, and Vascular Dementia in Italy.JOURNAL OF AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY, Issue 1 2002The ILSA Study OBJECTIVES: To estimate the incidence of dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD) in older Italians and evaluate the relationship of age, gender, and education to developing dementia. DESIGN: Cohort incidence study in the context of the Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging. SETTING: Population sample from eight Italian municipalities. PARTICIPANTS: A dementia-free cohort of 3,208 individuals (aged 65,84), individuated after a baseline evaluation performed in 1992 / 93, aimed at detecting prevalent cases. MEASUREMENTS: The dementia-free cohort was reexamined in 1995 to identify incident cases. The Mini-Mental State Examination (cutoff 23 / 24) was employed to screen for dementia. Trained neurologists evaluated the individuals who screened positive. Final diagnoses had to meet Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, Revised criteria for dementia, National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke,Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association criteria for AD, and International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision criteria for VaD. RESULTS: Before the follow-up examination, 382 individuals had died (232 had reliable information). Of the 2,826 survivors, 2,266 completed the study. Overall, 127 new dementia cases were identified. Average incidence rates per 1,000 person-years were 12.47 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 10.23,14.72) for dementia, 6.55 (95% CI = 4.92,8.17) for AD, and 3.30 (95% CI = 2.14,4.45) for VaD. Both AD and VaD showed age-dependent patterns. Education was protective against dementia and AD. Women carried a significantly higher risk of developing AD (hazard ratio = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.02,2.75), and men of developing VaD (hazard ratio = 2.23, 95% CI = 1.06,4.71). CONCLUSIONS: Incidence of dementia in Italy paralleled that in most industrialized countries. About 150,000 new cases per year are expected. A significant gender effect was evidenced for major dementia subtypes. The burden of VaD, especially in men, offers opportunities for prevention. [source] A systematic review of prevalence studies of dementia in Parkinson's diseaseMOVEMENT DISORDERS, Issue 10 2005Dag Aarsland MD Abstract Substantial variation in the prevalence of dementia in Parkinson's disease (PDD) has been reported. The aim of this study was to review systematically and critically previous studies of the prevalence of PDD using PubMed to search the literature. Studies focusing on PD and PDD, as well as those examining on the epidemiology of dementia subtypes, were included. Predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were used and the quality of the studies included was rated. Articles were included if: (1) the proportion of PDD among patients with either PD or dementia was reported in an original study; (2) patients had been subjected to prospective clinical examination; and (3) strategies to include all subjects with either PD or dementia within the community or hospital clinics within a geographical area were employed. Twelve studies of the prevalence of PD or PDD (1,767 patients included) and 24 prevalence studies of dementia subtypes (4,711 patients included) met the inclusion criteria. In the PD/PDD studies, the proportion (mean and 95% confidence interval) with PDD in PD was 24.5% (17.4,31.5). There were significant methodological variations between studies and in the four studies that matched the quality criteria most closely, the rate of PDD was 31.1% (20.1,42.1). The prevalence of PDD was estimated as 0.5% in subjects 65 years or older. The percentage of PDD among those with dementia was 3.6% (3.1,4.1), with an estimated prevalence of PDD of 0.2% in subjects aged 65 years or older. Despite methodological variation, this systematic review suggests that 24 to 31% of PD patients have dementia, and that 3 to 4% of the dementia in the population would be due to PDD. The estimated prevalence of PDD in the general population aged 65 years and over is 0.2 to 0.5%. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society [source] | ||||||||||