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Deer Mouse (deer + mouse)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Life Sciences63%
Mathematics and Statistics18%

Selected Abstracts

Evaluating the Predicted Local Extinction of a Once-Common Mouse

CONSERVATION BIOLOGY, Issue 4 2005
OLIVER R.W. PERGAMS
Chicago; declinación de especies comunes; extinción pronosticada; Peromyscus leucopus; Peromyscus maniculatus bairdii Abstract:,In an earlier paper (Pergams & Nyberg 2001) we found that the proportion of the prairie deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus bairdii), among all local Peromyscus museum specimens collected in the Chicago region, had significantly declined over time. This proportion changed from about 50% before 1900 to <10% in the last 25 years. Based on this proportion a regression model predicted the local extinction of the prairie deer mouse in 2009. To evaluate that prediction, we estimated current deer mouse abundance by live trapping small mammals at 15 preserves in Cook and Lake counties, Illinois (USA) at which prairie deer mice had previously been caught or that still contained their preferred open habitat. In 1900 trap nights, 477 mammals were caught, including 251 white-footed mice (P. leucopus), but only one prairie deer mouse. The observed proportion of Peromyscus that were prairie deer mice, 0.4%, was even lower than the 4.5% predicted for 2000. Here we also introduce a simple, new community proportions model, which for any given geographic region compares the proportions of species recently caught with the proportions of species in museums. We compared proportions of seven species collected in Cook and Lake counties and examined by Hoffmeister (1989) with proportions of these species that we caught. Ten percent of the museum community was prairie deer mice, but only 0.2% of our catch was. The current local scarcity of the prairie deer mouse is consistent with the regression-based prediction of its eminent local extinction. More conservation attention should be paid to changes in relative abundance of once-common species. Resumen:,En un artículo previo (Pergams & Nyberg 2001) encontramos que la proporción de Peromyscus maniculatus bairdii, entre todos los especimenes de museo de Peromyscus recolectados en la región de Chicago, había declinado significativamente. Esta proporción cambió de 50% antes de 1900 a <10% en los últimos 25 años. Con base en esta proporción, un modelo de regresión pronosticó la extinción local de P. m. bairdii en 2009. Para evaluar esa predicción, estimamos la abundancia actual de P. m. bairdii mediante el trampeo de mamíferos pequeños en 25 reservas en los condados Cook y Lake, Illinois (E.U.A.) en las que se había capturado a P. m. bairdii previamente o que aun contenían su hábitat abierto preferido. En 1900 noches-trampa, capturamos a 477 mamíferos, incluyendo a 251 P. leucopus pero solo a un P. m. bairdii. La proporción observada de P. m. bairdii, 0.4%, fue menor a 4.5% pronosticado para 2000. Aquí también introducimos un modelo, nuevo y sencillo, de proporciones de la comunidad que compara, para cualquier región geográfica, las proporciones de especies recientemente capturadas con la proporciones de especies en los museos. Comparamos las proporciones de siete especies recolectadas en los condados Cook y Lake y examinadas por Hoffmeister (1989) con las proporciones de especies que capturamos. Diez por ciento de la comunidad de museos era P. m. bairdii, pero solo 0.2% de nuestra muestra lo fue. La actual escasez local de P. m. bairdii es consistente con la predicción de su inminente extinción local con base en la regresión. La conservación debe prestar mayor atención a los cambios en la abundancia relativa de una especie anteriormente común. [source]

Environmental complexity and central nervous system development and function

DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES RESEARCH REVIEW, Issue 2 2004
Mark H. Lewis
Abstract Environmental restriction or deprivation early in development can induce social, cognitive, affective, and motor abnormalities similar to those associated with autism. Conversely, rearing animals in larger, more complex environments results in enhanced brain structure and function, including increased brain weight, dendritic branching, neurogenesis, gene expression, and improved learning and memory. Moreover, in animal models of CNS insult (e.g., gene deletion), a more complex environment has attenuated or prevented the sequelae of the insult. Of relevance is the prevention of seizures and attenuation of their neuropathological sequelae as a consequence of exposure to a more complex environment. Relatively little attention, however, has been given to the issue of sensitive periods associated with such effects, the relative importance of social versus inanimate stimulation, or the unique contribution of exercise. Our studies have examined the effects of environmental complexity on the development of the restricted, repetitive behavior commonly observed in individuals with autism. In this model, a more complex environment substantially attenuates the development of the spontaneous and persistent stereotypies observed in deer mice reared in standard laboratory cages. Our findings support a sensitive period for such effects and suggest that early enrichment may have persistent neuroprotective effects after the animal is returned to a standard cage environment. Attenuation or prevention of repetitive behavior by environmental complexity was associated with increased neuronal metabolic activity, increased dendritic spine density, and elevated neurotrophin (BDNF) levels in brain regions that are part of cortical,basal ganglia circuitry. These effects were not observed in limbic areas such as the hippocampus. MRDD Research Reviews 2004;10:91,95. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Potential spread of introduced black rat (Rattus rattus) parasites to endemic deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) on the California Channel Islands

DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS, Issue 6 2006
Katherine F. Smith
ABSTRACT Introduced species have the potential to outperform natives in two primary ways: via increased rates of predation and competition, and via the introduction of new parasites against which native species often lack effective immune defences. To assess the extent to which invasive species' parasites spread to native hosts, we compared the composition of helminth parasites found in introduced black rat (Rattus rattus) and endemic deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus) populations on a subset of the California Channel Islands. Results suggest that the whipworm, Trichuris muris, may have spread from introduced black rats to endemic island deer mice and has continued to thrive in one island population where rats were recently eradicated. These results yield two important conservation messages: (1) although the parasites introduced with invasive species may be few, they should not be ignored as they can spread to native species, and (2) introduced parasites have the potential to remain in a system even after their founding host is extirpated. These findings underscore the importance of parasitological surveys in invasive species research and baseline data for ecosystems where exotic species are likely to invade. [source]

Estimation of population size for additive,multiplicative models based on continuous-time recapture experiments

ENVIRONMETRICS, Issue 8 2002
Yan Wang
Abstract An additive,multiplicative model and a Horvitz,Thompson-type estimator are proposed to estimate the unknown population size in a continuous-time recapture experiment. The proposed inference about the model parameters of the capture intensity is similar to that of Lin and Ying (1995). However, the population size in a recapture experiment is not known and a modification is needed. Simulation results are given to assess the properties of the proposed estimators and the associated inference procedures. A set of recapture data for deer mice is presented to demonstrate the performance of the estimating procedure. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Evaluating the Predicted Local Extinction of a Once-Common Mouse

CONSERVATION BIOLOGY, Issue 4 2005
OLIVER R.W. PERGAMS
Chicago; declinación de especies comunes; extinción pronosticada; Peromyscus leucopus; Peromyscus maniculatus bairdii Abstract:,In an earlier paper (Pergams & Nyberg 2001) we found that the proportion of the prairie deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus bairdii), among all local Peromyscus museum specimens collected in the Chicago region, had significantly declined over time. This proportion changed from about 50% before 1900 to <10% in the last 25 years. Based on this proportion a regression model predicted the local extinction of the prairie deer mouse in 2009. To evaluate that prediction, we estimated current deer mouse abundance by live trapping small mammals at 15 preserves in Cook and Lake counties, Illinois (USA) at which prairie deer mice had previously been caught or that still contained their preferred open habitat. In 1900 trap nights, 477 mammals were caught, including 251 white-footed mice (P. leucopus), but only one prairie deer mouse. The observed proportion of Peromyscus that were prairie deer mice, 0.4%, was even lower than the 4.5% predicted for 2000. Here we also introduce a simple, new community proportions model, which for any given geographic region compares the proportions of species recently caught with the proportions of species in museums. We compared proportions of seven species collected in Cook and Lake counties and examined by Hoffmeister (1989) with proportions of these species that we caught. Ten percent of the museum community was prairie deer mice, but only 0.2% of our catch was. The current local scarcity of the prairie deer mouse is consistent with the regression-based prediction of its eminent local extinction. More conservation attention should be paid to changes in relative abundance of once-common species. Resumen:,En un artículo previo (Pergams & Nyberg 2001) encontramos que la proporción de Peromyscus maniculatus bairdii, entre todos los especimenes de museo de Peromyscus recolectados en la región de Chicago, había declinado significativamente. Esta proporción cambió de 50% antes de 1900 a <10% en los últimos 25 años. Con base en esta proporción, un modelo de regresión pronosticó la extinción local de P. m. bairdii en 2009. Para evaluar esa predicción, estimamos la abundancia actual de P. m. bairdii mediante el trampeo de mamíferos pequeños en 25 reservas en los condados Cook y Lake, Illinois (E.U.A.) en las que se había capturado a P. m. bairdii previamente o que aun contenían su hábitat abierto preferido. En 1900 noches-trampa, capturamos a 477 mamíferos, incluyendo a 251 P. leucopus pero solo a un P. m. bairdii. La proporción observada de P. m. bairdii, 0.4%, fue menor a 4.5% pronosticado para 2000. Aquí también introducimos un modelo, nuevo y sencillo, de proporciones de la comunidad que compara, para cualquier región geográfica, las proporciones de especies recientemente capturadas con la proporciones de especies en los museos. Comparamos las proporciones de siete especies recolectadas en los condados Cook y Lake y examinadas por Hoffmeister (1989) con las proporciones de especies que capturamos. Diez por ciento de la comunidad de museos era P. m. bairdii, pero solo 0.2% de nuestra muestra lo fue. La actual escasez local de P. m. bairdii es consistente con la predicción de su inminente extinción local con base en la regresión. La conservación debe prestar mayor atención a los cambios en la abundancia relativa de una especie anteriormente común. [source]

Potential spread of introduced black rat (Rattus rattus) parasites to endemic deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) on the California Channel Islands

DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS, Issue 6 2006
Katherine F. Smith
ABSTRACT Introduced species have the potential to outperform natives in two primary ways: via increased rates of predation and competition, and via the introduction of new parasites against which native species often lack effective immune defences. To assess the extent to which invasive species' parasites spread to native hosts, we compared the composition of helminth parasites found in introduced black rat (Rattus rattus) and endemic deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus) populations on a subset of the California Channel Islands. Results suggest that the whipworm, Trichuris muris, may have spread from introduced black rats to endemic island deer mice and has continued to thrive in one island population where rats were recently eradicated. These results yield two important conservation messages: (1) although the parasites introduced with invasive species may be few, they should not be ignored as they can spread to native species, and (2) introduced parasites have the potential to remain in a system even after their founding host is extirpated. These findings underscore the importance of parasitological surveys in invasive species research and baseline data for ecosystems where exotic species are likely to invade. [source]

Genetic evidence for a maternal effect locus controlling genomic imprinting and growth

GENESIS: THE JOURNAL OF GENETICS AND DEVELOPMENT, Issue 4 2005
Amanda R. Duselis
Abstract Crosses between two species of deer mouse (Peromyscus) yield dramatic parent-of-origin effects. Female P. maniculatus (BW) crossed with male P. polionotus (PO) produce animals smaller than either parent. PO females crossed with BW males yield lethal overgrowth that has been associated with loss-of-imprinting (LOI). Previously, we mapped two loci influencing fetal growth. These two loci, however, do not account for the LOI, nor for the dysmorphic phenotypes. Here we report that maternal genetic background strongly influences the LOI. Analyses of crosses wherein maternal genetic background is varied suggest that this effect is likely due to the action of a small number of loci. We have termed these putative loci Meil. Estimation of Meil loci number was confounded by skewed allelic ratios in the intercross line employed. We show that the Meil loci are not identical to any of the DNA methyltransferases shown to be involved in regulation of genomic imprinting. genesis 43:155,165, 2005. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Reproduction-Induced Neuroplasticity: Natural Behavioural and Neuronal Alterations Associated with the Production and Care of Offspring

JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY, Issue 4 2008
Craig H. Kinsley
As a female transitions into motherhood, many neurobiological adaptations are required to meet the demands presented by her offspring. In addition to the traditional maternal responses (e.g. crouching, nursing, retrieving, grooming), our laboratories have observed several behavioural modifications accompanying parity, especially in the areas of foraging and emotional resilience. Additionally, brain modifications have been observed in the hippocampus and amygdala, providing support for neural plasticity extending beyond the expected hypothalamic alterations. Interestingly, we have observed parenting-induced neuroplasticity to persist into late adulthood, even providing protection against age-related brain and memory deficits. Although the majority of work on the parental brain has been conducted on females, preliminary research suggests similar changes in the biparental male California deer mouse. Taken together, research suggests that the parental brain is dynamic and changeable as it undergoes diverse and, in some cases, long-lasting, modifications to facilitate the production and care of offspring. [source]

Sixty polymorphic microsatellite markers for the oldfield mouse developed in Peromyscus polionotus and Peromyscus maniculatus

MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES, Issue 1 2006
LYNNE M. MULLEN
Abstract We isolated and characterized 60 novel microsatellite markers from the closely related oldfield mouse (Peromyscus polionotus) and deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus) for studies of conservation, ecological, quantitative and population genetics. We assessed all 60 markers in a wild population of Peromyscus polionotus rhoadsi (N = 20) from central Florida and found an average of nine alleles per marker and an observed heterozygosity (HO) of 0.66 (range = 0.00,1.00). These polymorphic markers contribute to the growing number of genomic resources for Peromyscus, an emerging model system for ecological and evolutionary research. [source]

Capture,Recapture When Time and Behavioral Response Affect Capture Probabilities

BIOMETRICS, Issue 2 2000
Anne Chao
Summary. We consider a capture,recapture model in which capture probabilities vary with time and with behavioral response. Two inference procedures are developed under the assumption that recapture probabilities bear a constant relationship to initial capture probabilities. These two procedures are the maximum likelihood method (both unconditional and conditional types are discussed) and an approach based on optimal estimating functions. The population size estimators derived from the two procedures are shown to be asymptotically equivalent when population size is large enough. The performance and relative merits of various population size estimators for finite cases are discussed. The bootstrap method is suggested for constructing a variance estimator and confidence interval. An example of the deer mouse analyzed in Otis et al. (1978, Wildlife Monographs62, 93) is given for illustration. [source]