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Additional Variance (additional + variance)
Selected AbstractsIs trait-Emotional Intelligence simply or more than just a trait?EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY, Issue 4 2004Karen van der Zee The present study examined the usefulness of trait-Emotional Intelligence (EI) among a sample of 1186 top managers who filled out questionnaires for Emotional Intelligence and the Big Five and were evaluated by a consultant on their competencies. Three higher-order factors were found to underlie the Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory (Bar-On, 1997): sense of accomplishment, empathy, and planfulness. Trait-EI was found to be substantially related to Extraversion, Agreeableness, Emotional Stability, and Autonomy. Nevertheless, the EI-factors predicted additional variance over and above the Big Five in competency to support. On the whole, top managers scored higher on the EI dimensions compared with a general population sample. High EI scores were particularly found among managers from enterprising occupational environments, that is environments dominated by activities that entail persuading and leading others to attain organizational goals or economic gain. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Predicting General Well-Being From Emotional Intelligence and Three Broad Personality TraitsJOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 3 2008Malika Singh This paper examined the joint predictive effects of trait emotional intelligence (trait-EI), Extraversion, Conscientiousness, and Neuroticism on 2 facets of general well-being and job satisfaction. An employed community sample of 123 individuals from the Indian subcontinent participated in the study, and completed measures of the five-factor model of personality, trait-EI, job satisfaction, and general well-being facets worn-out and up-tight. Trait-EI was related but distinct from the 3 personality variables. Trait-EI demonstrated the strongest correlation with job satisfaction, but predicted general well-being no better than Neuroticism. In regression analyses, trait-EI predicted between 6% and 9% additional variance in the well-being criteria, beyond the 3 personality traits. It was concluded that trait-EI may be useful in examining dispositional influences on psychological well-being. [source] The Theory of Planned Behavior and Ecstasy Use: Roles for Habit and Perceived Control Over Taking Versus Obtaining SubstancesJOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 1 2001Sheina Orbell Despite increasing use of the illicit substance known as ecstasy, there is a paucity of research concerning psychosocial correlates of its use. A prospective study examined the ability of variables specified by the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to predict ecstasyuse intentions and behavior. Regression analyses showed that theory of reasoned action and TPB variables provided good prediction of intentions to use the substance. Moreover, support was obtained for a distinction between perceptions of behavioral control over taking ecstasy vs. control over obtaining the substance in the prediction of intentions. Habit contributed additional variance to the prediction of intentions, and reduced the effects of perceived behavioral control over taking ecstasy to nonsignificance. Ecstasy use over 2 months was directly predicted from intentions to use the substance. [source] Syndrome specificity and behavioural disorders in young adults with intellectual disability: cultural differences in family impactJOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH, Issue 3 2006J. Blacher Background This study examined whether behaviour problems and adaptive behaviour of low functioning young adults, and well-being of their families, varied by diagnostic syndrome [intellectual disability (ID) only, cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, autism], as well as by cultural group. Methods Behaviour disorders in young adults with moderate to severe ID were assessed from information provided by 282 caregivers during in-home interviews. The sample consisted of 150 Anglo participants, and 132 Latino, primarily Spanish-speaking, participants drawn from Southern California. Results Behaviour disorders and maternal well-being showed the same pattern across disability syndromes. Autism was associated with the highest scores in multiple behaviour problem areas as well as maternal reports of lower well-being. Down syndrome was associated with the lowest behaviour problem scores and the highest maternal well-being. When behaviour problems were controlled for, diagnostic groups accounted for no additional variance in maternal stress or depression. The pattern of behaviour problems and well-being did not differ by sample (Anglo vs. Latino), although level on well-being measures did. Latina mothers reported significantly higher depression symptoms and lower morale, but also higher positive impact from their child than did Anglo mothers. Conclusions Caregivers of young adults with autism report more maladaptive behaviour problems and lower personal well-being, or stress, relative to other diagnostic groups, regardless of cultural group. However, cultural differences exist in caregiver reports of depression, morale, and positive perceptions. Implications for service provision aimed at families of children with challenging behaviour problems are discussed in the context of culture. [source] Simple but complex: components of the simple view of reading across grade levelsJOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN READING, Issue 4 2009Janet Tilstra The purpose of this study was to examine the simple view of reading (SVR) and contributions of verbal proficiency and reading fluency to reading comprehension for fourth-, seventh- and ninth-grade readers (N=271). The SVR explained a significant proportion of variance in reading comprehension for all grades with decreasing explained variance in higher grades. The variance explained by decoding decreased from fourth grade to higher grades. The variance explained by listening comprehension increased from fourth- to seventh-grade, but did not change from seventh- to ninth-grade. In all grades, verbal proficiency and reading fluency contributed substantial additional variance to reading comprehension beyond the SVR. Changes in the predictive relation between listening and reading comprehension and factors influencing reading comprehension in each grade are discussed. [source] Family history, self-perceptions, attitudes and cognitive abilities are associated with early adolescent reading skillsJOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN READING, Issue 1 2006Elizabeth G. Conlon This study evaluated a model of reading skills among early adolescents (N=174). Measures of family history, achievement, cognitive processes and self-perceptions of abilities were obtained. Significant relationships were found between family history and children's single-word reading skills, spelling, reading comprehension, orthographic processing and children's perceived reading competence. While children with poor reading skills were five times more likely to come from a family with a history of reading difficulties, this measure did not account for additional variance in reading performance after other variables were included. Phonological, orthographic, rapid sequencing and children's perceived reading competence made significant independent contributions towards reading and spelling outcomes. Reading comprehension was explained by orthographic processing, nonverbal ability, children's attitudes towards reading and word identification. Thus, knowledge of family history and children's attitudes and perceptions towards reading provides important additional information when evaluating reading skills among a normative sample of early adolescents. [source] The role of panic attacks in acute stress disorder in children,JOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS, Issue 6 2007Emma Sinclair This study examined the role of peritraumatic panic symptoms during trauma in childhood acute stress. Children (N = 60) who had suffered traumatic injury were administered the Child Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire, the Child Depression Inventory, and the Physical Reactions Scale to index panic attacks that occurred during the trauma. Panic attacks were experienced during their trauma by 100% of participants with acute stress reactions and 24% of participants without stress reactions. Panic attacks during trauma accounted for 28% of the variance of acute stress reactions, with an additional variance accounted for by age, time since the accident, and dysphoria. These findings are discussed in terms of fear conditioning models of posttraumatic stress. [source] Cognitive complexity and marital interaction in newlywedsPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS, Issue 2 2010BENJAMIN R. KARNEY Although newlyweds tend to be satisfied with their marriages, they nevertheless vary in their ability to resolve problems effectively. This study examined whether problem-solving effectiveness was associated with the complexity of spouses' thoughts about their problems. Newlyweds provided open-ended descriptions of marital problems and then engaged in interactions that were coded by independent observers. Results confirmed that the complexity of each spouse's descriptions accounted for unique variance in the quality of their discussions. Moreover, results supported a weak link effect, such that the thoughts of the least complex spouse accounted for additional variance, controlling for the main effects of each spouse. These results suggest that interventions to improve problem solving attend to both the structure and the content of partners' cognitions. [source] Case Management Relationships and a Recovery Orientation: A Consumer Survey of Class Members in the Arnold CaseAMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPSYCHIATRY, Issue 3 2010José B. Ashford The purpose of this study was to examine the relative contributions of the working alliance in predicting a recovery orientation. An additional aim was to determine whether a measure of case management fairness contributed any additional proportion of explained variance in a recovery orientation beyond what is accounted for by the working alliance. The study blended structured interview and clinical judgment measures with survey research methods to obtain data about consumer relationships with their case managers, as well as their recovery attitudes. The sample consisted of (N = 167) priority-class members involved in the Arnold v. Arizona Department of Health Services class-action lawsuit in Maricopa County, Arizona. The results showed that the working alliance and case management fairness variables accounted for more of the explained variance in a recovery orientation, than any of the other known correlates of recovery. The results also provided some preliminary support for the inclusion of case management fairness as a predictor variable of a recovery orientation, in that the study's measure of case management fairness contributed a small proportion of additional variance beyond what was explained by the working alliance in predicting a dimension of a recovery orientation. The implications of the study's findings for practice and future research are discussed. [source] Emotional intelligence and its relationship to transformational leadership and key project manager competencesPROJECT MANAGEMENT JOURNAL, Issue 2 2010Nicholas Clarke Abstract Key dimensions of project manager behaviors considered to be associated with successful project outcomes have included both appropriate collaborative behaviors and transformational leadership. More recently, emotional intelligence has been suggested as a unique area of individual differences that is likely to underpin sets of behaviors in this area. Based on a sample of 67 UK project managers, it was found that emotional intelligence ability measures and empathy explained additional variance in the project manager competences of teamwork, attentiveness, and managing conflict, and the transformational leadership behaviors of idealized influence and individualized consideration, after controlling for cognitive ability and personality. [source] The Relationship Between CAG Repeat Length and Age of Onset Differs for Huntington's Disease Patients with Juvenile Onset or Adult OnsetANNALS OF HUMAN GENETICS, Issue 3 2007J. Michael Andresen Summary Age of onset for Huntington's disease (HD) varies inversely with the length of the disease-causing CAG repeat expansion in the HD gene. A simple exponential regression model yielded adjusted R-squared values of 0.728 in a large set of Venezuelan kindreds and 0.642 in a North American, European, and Australian sample (the HD MAPS cohort). We present evidence that a two-segment exponential regression curve provides a significantly better fit than the simple exponential regression. A plot of natural log-transformed age of onset against CAG repeat length reveals this segmental relationship. This two-segment exponential regression on age of onset data increases the adjusted R-squared values by 0.012 in the Venezuelan kindreds and by 0.035 in the HD MAPS cohort. Although the amount of additional variance explained by the segmental regression approach is modest, the two slopes of the two-segment regression are significantly different from each other in both the Venezuelan kindreds [F(2, 439) = 11.13, P= 2 × 10,5] and in the HD MAPS cohort [F(2, 688) = 38.27, P= 2 × 10,16]. In both populations, the influence of each CAG repeat on age of onset appears to be stronger in the adult-onset range of CAG repeats than in the juvenile-onset range. [source] | |||||||||||||