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Additional Diagnostic Information (additional + diagnostic_information)
Selected AbstractsRadiographic anatomy of the articular process joints of the caudal cervical vertebrae in the horse on lateral and oblique projectionsEQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL, Issue 9 2009J. M. WITHERS Summary Reasons for performing study: Plain radiography is the standard imaging technique for investigation of diseases associated with the articular process joints (APJ) of the caudal neck; however, the radiographic anatomy of these structures on both lateral and oblique radiographic projections has not previously been described in detail. Objectives: To determine the optimal technique for obtaining oblique radiographs of the APJ of the caudal cervical vertebrae (C4-5, C5-6 and C6-7) and to provide a detailed description of their normal radiographic appearance, on both lateral and oblique radiographic projections. Methods: Radiopaque markers were used to highlight the contours of the APJ on both lateral and oblique radiographs. A novel cineradiographic technique was employed to determine the optimal oblique projection to permit both left and right APJ to be assessed on the same radiograph. Lateral and oblique radiographs of the caudal neck were obtained in 6 live horses under standing sedation to assess the feasibility of the technique. Results: The radiopaque markers facilitated identification of the APJ by clearly outlining the margins of the cranial and caudal articular processes on lateral and oblique radiographs. The optimal range of angles for obtaining oblique radiographs was 50,55° for C4- 5, 45,55° for C5-6 and 45,55° for C6-7. Obtaining oblique radiographs within the specified range of angles resulted in a consistent radiographic image of the APJ in the caudal cervical region in the live individual. Conclusions and potential relevance: The description of the normal radiographic anatomy of the cervical APJ of the caudal neck region in horses provides a valuable reference for the interpretation of cervical radiographs. Using the standardised technique to obtain oblique radiographs of the equine cervical vertebrae may provide additional diagnostic information about the APJ. [source] Diagnostic performance of three-dimensional ultrasound extended imaging at scrotal mass lesionsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY, Issue 11 2007Salah Elwagdy Objectives: High resolution two-dimensional ultrasound (2D US) difficulty in evaluation of some scrotal mass lesions is not frequent. The aim of the present study was to prospectively evaluate the diagnostic performance of three-dimensional ultrasound extended imaging (3D XI) in characterization of those lesions. Methods: The study protocol had the approval of the University's review board all participants' informed consents were obtained. The study included 28 selected patients (12 testicular and 16 para-testicular mass lesions) examined by 2D US and 3D XI applications including computed multi-slice view (MSV) and multi-resolution enhanced images (XI MR). Results were correlated with histopathological findings. Results: Two-dimensional ultrasound did not adequately characterize 28 patients out of 329 (8.5%). 3D XI interrogation was an easy procedure and distinctive of the pathological findings in 27 patients out of 28 (96.4%). The performance of XI MR with respect to characterization provided additional diagnostic information over MSV. Conclusions: The performance of 3D XI with respect to testicular mass characterization proved better than static 2D US. Subsequently, the results of this study suggest that the routine use of 2D US in diagnosis of scrotal mass lesions should preferably be upgraded to 3D XI methods. [source] 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy in human hydrocephalusJOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING, Issue 3 2003Kees P.J. Braun MD Abstract Purpose To evaluate cerebral metabolism in clinical hydrocephalus with 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Materials and Methods In 24 children and adults with progressive, arrested, or normal pressure hydrocephalus, long-echo time 1H MR spectra were acquired from periventricular white matter and intraventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Metabolite ratios, and the presence of lactate, were compared with 38 age-matched controls. Results Metabolite ratios of patients were within the 95% confidence interval (CI) of controls. A small lactate resonance was detected in 20% of control and hydrocephalic subjects. Lactate was consistently visible in CSF spectra, though lactate concentrations were normal. The CSF lactate T2 was long in comparison with the known intracellular metabolite T2 relaxation times. In three neonates with hydrocephalus and spina bifida, 3-hydroxybutyrate was detected in CSF in vivo. Conclusion Within the limits of the present methods, 1H MRS could not detect cerebral metabolic abnormalities in human hydrocephalus and provided no additional diagnostic information. The long T2 of lactate in CSF explains its high visibility. Hence, the detection of lactate in spectra acquired from voxels that contain CSF does not necessarily imply cerebral ischemia. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2003;17:291,299. © 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Recent advances in the assessment of the ratios of cortisol to cortisone and of some of their metabolites in urine by LC-MS-MSJOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (INCORP BIOLOGICAL MASS SPECTROMETRY), Issue 4 2009Alessandro Saba Abstract A previously reported method for the assessment of the ratio of tetrahydrocortisol (THF) + allo-tetrahydrocortisol (A-THF) to tetrahydrocortisone (THE) by HPLC-MS-MS has been significantly improved, in order to increase either ruggedness and reliability. That was achieved by the introduction of an on-line sample cleanup stage, which made use of a perfusion column as a solid phase microextraction (SPE) cartridge. The set of analytes was expanded, by introducing cortisol and cortisone, whose ratio supply additional diagnostic information. The response factors of both THF and A-THF has been checked, resulting almost identical, as well as the influence of the matrix on the calibration curves which, although different for water and urine, had similar effect on the ratios of interest. As a consequence, the calibration solutions can be prepared in pure water. The influence of several different storage procedures has also been tested, resulting in no substantial effect on the final result. Finally, the improved method has been used to run real samples from healthy volunteers, with satisfactory results. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] The use of combined ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging in the detection of fetal anomaliesPRENATAL DIAGNOSIS, Issue 5 2010Xiomara M. Santos Abstract Objective To compare the referral diagnosis based on prenatal ultrasound to diagnoses made following combined ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation at the Texas Children's Fetal Center (TCFC) and postnatal diagnosis. Methods We performed a retrospective review of patients referred to the TCFC between September 2001 and July 2007 with a fetal structural malformation. Data were abstracted to compare the referral diagnosis to TCFC imaging diagnoses and both were compared to postnatal diagnosis. Results Two hundred and twenty-four patients were referred who had a fetal US and MRI at TCFC. The most frequent indications were for abnormalities of the central nervous system (38%) and lung/thoracic cavity (34%), with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) the single most common referral diagnosis (n = 39; 17%). In 99 cases (42.7%) the referral diagnosis was concordant with the post-referral diagnosis, however, in 68 cases (29.3%) the post-referral diagnosis changed completely, and in 65 cases (28%) additional findings were discovered. Prenatal diagnoses following imaging at TCFC were concordant with postnatal diagnoses in 94.9% of cases. Conclusions Combined ultrasound and MRI provides additional diagnostic information or a corrected diagnosis in 57% of cases over the referral ultrasound diagnosis. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Foetal brain imaging: ultrasound or MRI.ACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 4 2008A comparison between magnetic resonance imaging, a dedicated multidisciplinary neurosonographic opinion Objectives: (i) To compare original foetal brain ultrasound findings with a multidisciplinary expert opinion; (ii) to compare the multidisciplinary expert ultrasound opinion with foetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and (iii) to determine in which circumstances foetal MRI gives additional information, and in how many cases management is changed by having information from MRI. Study design: Ultrasound scans of 51 consecutive foetuses where foetal brain MR had been performed were retrospectively reviewed by a panel consisting of maternal-foetal-medicine (MFM) consultants, a geneticist, neonatologists and MFM subspecialty trainees. The original ultrasound opinion was compared with the multidisciplinary opinion, which was then compared with MRI findings. In the cases where MRI gave additional information, an assessment was made as to whether this changed management. Results: The multidisciplinary ultrasound opinion differed from the original opinion in 9 of 51 (17%) cases. In 19 patients (37%), the MRI gave additional information to the original ultrasound, in 7 (13%) cases, management, and in 7 (13%) cases, counselling was altered by additional information gained from MRI. The multidisciplinary ultrasound and MRI diagnoses were similar in 36 cases (71%). Conclusion: Multidisciplinary review of an apparently abnormal foetal brain ultrasound can provide additional diagnostic information. When compared with this level of ultrasound expertise, MRI gave additional information in 29% of cases, but only resulted in change in management in about 13%. [source] | ||||||||||