Home  About us  Contact
 

Addition Lines (addition + line)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Life Sciences100%

Selected Abstracts

Homoeological relationships between the f chromosome of Brassica rapa and the e chromosome of Brassica oleracea

PLANT BREEDING, Issue 2 2002
Y. Kaneko
Abstract Eight plants of the putative double monosomic addition line (DMAL, 2n= 20) were developed by crossing a monosomic chromosome addition line of radish [f(A)-type monosomic addition line (MAL) (2n= 19)] carrying the f chromosome of Brassica rapa (2n= 20, AA) with another [e(C)-type MAL (2n= 19)] having the echromosome of Brassica oleracea (2n= 18, CC). The homoeological relationships between the two alien chromosomes were investigated by morphological, cytogenetic and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. Seventeen morphological traits that were not present in the radish cv. ,Shogoin' were observed in both MALs and these traits were substantially exhibited in DMAL plants. At the first metaphase of pollen mother cells (PMCs), the two parental MALs showed a chromosome configuration of 9II +1I, demonstrating impossibility of recombination between the R and the added chromosomes. The DMALs formed 10II in approximately 73% of PMCs, with one bivalent showing loose pairing between two chromosomes differing in size. In an attempt to identify the two MALs by RAPD-specific markers using 26 selected random primers, 13 and 20 bands were specific for the f(A)-type and the e(C)-type MALs, respectively; 12 bands were common to both MALs (26.7%). In conclusion, the f chromosome of B. rapa is homoeologous to the e chromosome of B. oleracea. The genetic domain (genes) for 17 morphological traits are linked to each homoeologous chromosome bearing 27% of the corresponding RAPD markers. [source]

Monosomic addition lines of Beta corolliflora in sugar beet: plant morphology and leaf spot resistance

PLANT BREEDING, Issue 1 2002
D. Gao
Abstract Monosomic addition lines in Beta vulgaris from Beta corolliflora were described morphologically and characterized for disease resistance. Monosomic addition plants (2n= 19) were selected among segregating offspring by a squash dot technique in combination with B. corolliflora -specific probes. Plants carrying an added chromosome were characterized by leaf shape, plant size and plant vigour. In this way, most addition lines could be distinguished from diploid beets, however, to identify those plants unequivocally, molecular marker analysis was also necessary. Transmission frequencies of each addition line were determined to be in the range 13.9% (Cor-4) to 60% (Cor-9). High transmission rate of addition line Cor-9 was assumed to be due to apomictic propagation because transmission rate after selfing cannot exceed 50%. Cercospora leaf spot resistance tests were performed on 167 monosomic plants from seven different addition lines, two fragment addition lines and 89 diploid controls. No line exhibited complete resistance, but the monosomic additions Cor-3 and Cor-4 showed significantly lower infection rates than their diploid sibling plants. The identification of monosomic addition lines with apomictic and disease resistance characters offers the possibility of transferring those genes to sugar beet. [source]

Development of dominant nuclear male-sterile lines with a blue seed marker in durum and common wheat

PLANT BREEDING, Issue 1 2001
N. Tian
Abstract In order to develop genie male-sterile lines with a blue seed marker, male-sterile plants, controlled by a dominant nuclear gene Ms2, were used as female parents against a 4E disomic addition line ,Xiaoyan Lanli'(2n= 44, AABBDD+4EII) as the male parent to produce monosomic addition lines with blue seed. Male-sterile plants from the monosomic addition lines were pollinated with durum wheat for several generations and in 1989 a male-sterile line with the blue grain gene and the male-sterile gene Ms2 on the same additional chromosome was detected and named line 89-2343. Using this line, the blue seed marker was successfully added to a short male-sterile line containing Ms2 and Rht10. The segregation ratios of male sterility and seed colour as well as the chromosome figurations of different plants indicated that the blue grain genes, Ms2 and Rht10 were located on the same additional chromosome. Cytological analysis showed that the blue marker male-sterile lines in durum wheat and common wheat were monosomic with an additional chromosome 4E. The inheritance ratio for blue seed male-sterile plants and white seed male-fertile plants was 19.7% and 80.3%, respectively, in common wheat. The potential for using blue marker sterile lines in population improvement and hybrid production is discussed. [source]

Molecular markers linked to the Aegilops variabilis -derived root-knot nematode resistance gene Rkn-mn1 in wheat

PLANT BREEDING, Issue 2 2000
D. Barloy
Abstract Aegilops variabilis no. 1 is the only known source of resistance to the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne naasi in wheat. Previous studies showed that a dominant gene, Rkn-mn1, was transferred to a wheat translocation line from the donor Ae. variabilis. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was performed on the wheat cultivar ,Lutin', on Ae. variabilis, on a resistant disomic addition line and on a resistant translocation line. For genetic and molecular studies, 114-117 BC3F2 plants and F3 -derived families were tested. Five DNA and one isozyme marker were linked to Rkn-mn1. Three RAPD markers flanking the Rkn-mn1 locus were mapped at 0 cM (OpY16 -1065), 0.8 cM (OpB12 -1320) and 1.7 cM (OpN20 -1235), respectively. Since the Rkn-mn1 gene remained effective, its introduction into different wheat cultivars by marker-assisted selection is suggested. [source]

Monosomic addition lines of Beta corolliflora in sugar beet: plant morphology and leaf spot resistance

PLANT BREEDING, Issue 1 2002
D. Gao
Abstract Monosomic addition lines in Beta vulgaris from Beta corolliflora were described morphologically and characterized for disease resistance. Monosomic addition plants (2n= 19) were selected among segregating offspring by a squash dot technique in combination with B. corolliflora -specific probes. Plants carrying an added chromosome were characterized by leaf shape, plant size and plant vigour. In this way, most addition lines could be distinguished from diploid beets, however, to identify those plants unequivocally, molecular marker analysis was also necessary. Transmission frequencies of each addition line were determined to be in the range 13.9% (Cor-4) to 60% (Cor-9). High transmission rate of addition line Cor-9 was assumed to be due to apomictic propagation because transmission rate after selfing cannot exceed 50%. Cercospora leaf spot resistance tests were performed on 167 monosomic plants from seven different addition lines, two fragment addition lines and 89 diploid controls. No line exhibited complete resistance, but the monosomic additions Cor-3 and Cor-4 showed significantly lower infection rates than their diploid sibling plants. The identification of monosomic addition lines with apomictic and disease resistance characters offers the possibility of transferring those genes to sugar beet. [source]

Development of dominant nuclear male-sterile lines with a blue seed marker in durum and common wheat

PLANT BREEDING, Issue 1 2001
N. Tian
Abstract In order to develop genie male-sterile lines with a blue seed marker, male-sterile plants, controlled by a dominant nuclear gene Ms2, were used as female parents against a 4E disomic addition line ,Xiaoyan Lanli'(2n= 44, AABBDD+4EII) as the male parent to produce monosomic addition lines with blue seed. Male-sterile plants from the monosomic addition lines were pollinated with durum wheat for several generations and in 1989 a male-sterile line with the blue grain gene and the male-sterile gene Ms2 on the same additional chromosome was detected and named line 89-2343. Using this line, the blue seed marker was successfully added to a short male-sterile line containing Ms2 and Rht10. The segregation ratios of male sterility and seed colour as well as the chromosome figurations of different plants indicated that the blue grain genes, Ms2 and Rht10 were located on the same additional chromosome. Cytological analysis showed that the blue marker male-sterile lines in durum wheat and common wheat were monosomic with an additional chromosome 4E. The inheritance ratio for blue seed male-sterile plants and white seed male-fertile plants was 19.7% and 80.3%, respectively, in common wheat. The potential for using blue marker sterile lines in population improvement and hybrid production is discussed. [source]

Interspecies and intergenus transferability of barley and wheat D-genome microsatellite markers

ANNALS OF APPLIED BIOLOGY, Issue 3 2010
A. Castillo
A selection of 147 wheat D-genome and 130 barley genomic simple sequence repeat (gSSR) markers were screened for their utility in Hordeum chilense, as an alien donor genome for cereal breeding. Fifty-eight wheat D-genome and 71 barley PCR primer pairs consistently amplified products from H. chilense. Nineteen wheat D-genome and 20 barley gSSR markers were polymorphic and allowed wide genome coverage of the H. chilense genome. Twenty-three of the wheat D-genome and 11 barley PCR primer pairs were suitable for studying the introgressions of H. chilense into wheat, amplifying H. chilense products of distinct size. In 88% of the markers tested, H. chilense products were maintained in the expected homeologous linkage group, as revealed by the analysis of wheat/H. chilense addition lines. Twenty-nine microsatellite markers (eight gSSRs and 21 expressed sequence tags-SSRs) uniformly distributed across the genome were tested for their utility in genetic diversity analysis within the species. Three genetic clusters are reported, in accordance with previous morphological and amplified fragment length polymorphism data. These results show that it is possible to discriminate the three previously established germplasm groups with microsatellite markers. The reported markers represent a valuable resource for the genetic characterisation of H. chilense, for the analysis of its genetic variability, and as a tool for wheat introgression. This is the first intraspecific study in a collection of H. chilense germplasm using microsatellite markers. [source]