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DHA Content (dha + content)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	44%
Chemistry	33%
Life Sciences	22%

Selected Abstracts

A diet enriched with mackerel (Scomber scombrus),derived products improves the endothelial function in a senior population (Prevención de las Enfermedades Cardiovasculares: Estudio Santoña , PECES project)

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION, Issue 3 2009
J. R. De Berrazueta
ABSTRACT Background, Regular consumption of fish reduces cardiovascular risks. Here, we investigate if the consumption of products with mackerel (Scomber scombrus) with 8·82 g of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content per 100 g of product improves parameters of endothelial function in a controlled population. Materials and methods, Subjects maintained a 12-week diet with products with mackerel. The population consisted of 58 senior subjects (12 withdrawals, 25 women), aged 82·08 ± 8·13 years (Group A). Twenty-three senior subjects (13 women) on a regular diet were used as the control group (Group B). Subjects of Group A received 57 portions throughout 12 weeks (four to five portions a week of products with a mean EPA + DHA content of 2·5 g a day). A continuous follow-up and a final evaluation were performed to determine the level of consumption. Plasma samples were stored at ,70 °C for a biochemical study. Endothelial function was analysed by reactive hyperemia with a mercury strain gauge plethysmography with measurement of blood flow in the forearm, both baseline and at the end of the 12-week diet. Results, Endothelium-dependent vasodilatation significantly increased in Group A subjects (P < 0·001). No changes were found in Group B. The subgroup analyses showed that improvements were produced in Group A subjects without cardiovascular disease (P < 0·001). Nitrites/nitrates and von Willebrand factor plasma concentrations were higher in participants after the 12-week diet. Conclusions, The consumption of mackerel meat products improves endothelium-dependent, flow-mediated vasodilatation in a senior population. This finding might explain some of the cardioprotective effects of fish consumption. [source]

A COMPARISON OF LIPID AND LIPID/HYDROCOLLOID BASED COATINGS TO EVALUATE THEIR EFFECT ON POSTHARVEST QUALITY OF GREEN BELL PEPPERS

JOURNAL OF FOOD QUALITY, Issue 2 2002
FRANK D. CONFORTI
Maintaining quality of harvested fruit and vegetables is a challenge. The study investigated the effects of two lipid and lipid/hydrocolloid based coatings on maintaining post harvest quality of green bell peppers. Quality characteristics measured during the 4-week storage period included: respiratory rate, moisture content (weight loss), chlorophyll content, puncture force, ascorbic acid (AA) and dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) contents. No significant differences (P>0.05) between uncoated and coated peppers were noted for respiration rate, puncture force, chlorophyll content, and AA. Significant differences (P<0.05) were found in moisture content and DHA content in the uncoated and coated peppers. Continued research is needed in creating more sophisticated bilayer coatings to enhance product shelf-life. [source]

Effects of Docosahexaenoic Acid Content in Triacylglycerol on Human Taste Perception

JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE, Issue 6 2002
T. Koriyama
ABSTRACT: To elucidate the contribution of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in triacylglycerol to tuna oil specific taste effects, suppression of bitterness and enhancement of umami, we conducted sensory analysis employing an oil-in-water emulsion prepared with taste substances and the oils differed in the DHA content. The tuna oil specific taste effects were linearly dependent on DHA content. The increase of DHA in oil also linearly enhanced umami and flavor (continuity and richness) of synthetic tuna extract. These results indicate that DHA, a major fatty acid of tuna oil, greatly contributes to tuna oil specific effects on basic tastes and flavor. [source]

Relationship between ,3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid status during early infancy and neurodevelopmental status at 1 year of age

JOURNAL OF HUMAN NUTRITION & DIETETICS, Issue 2 2002
R. G. Voigt
Objective To determine the influence of ,-linolenic acid (ALA; 18 : 3,3) intake and, hence, the influence of plasma and/or erythrocyte phospholipid content of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22 : 6,3) during early infancy on neurodevelopmental outcome of term infants. Methods The Bayley Scales of Infant Development (second edition), the Clinical Adaptive Test/Clinical Linguistic and Auditory Milestone Scale (CAT/CLAMS) and the Gross Motor Scale of the Revised Gesell Developmental Inventory were administered at a mean age of 12.26 ± 0.94 months to 44 normal term infants enrolled in a study evaluating the effects of infant formulas differing only in ALA content (0.4, 1.0, 1.7 and 3.2% of total fatty acids). Results As reported previously [Jensen et al., Lipids 13 (1996) 107; J. Pediatr. 131 (1997) 200], the group fed the formula with the lowest ALA content had the lowest mean plasma and erythrocyte phospholipid DHA contents at 4 months of age. This group also had the lowest mean score on every neurodevelopmental measure. The difference in mean gross motor developmental quotient of this group versus the group fed the formula with 1.0% ALA but not of the other groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Across the groups, motor indices correlated positively with each other and with the plasma phospholipid DHA content at 4 months of age (P=0.02,0.03). The CLAMS developmental quotient correlated with the erythrocyte phospholipid content of 20 : 5,3 (P < 0.01) but not with DHA. Conclusions These statistically significant correlations suggest that the ,3 fatty acid status during early infancy may be important with respect to neurodevelopmental status at 1 year of age and highlight the need for further studies of this possibility. [source]

Physico-enzymatic production of monoacylglycerols enriched with very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids

JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE, Issue 2 2008
Ratchapol Pawongrat
Abstract BACKGROUND: Monoacylglycerols (MAG) containing polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), have interesting applications. The enzymatic processing of such MAG directly from fish oils is highly interesting, integrating the processing of MAG and concentration of EPA and DHA. The aim of this study was to develop an efficient enzymatic glycerolysis system together with physical fractionation for the production of PUFA-MAG from tuna oil. RESULTS: Novozym 435 was eventually selected after evaluation together with immobilized lipase AK in a tertiary alcohol-based system. A further evaluation of solvent mixtures involving tertiary alcohols was made, taking ease of operation into consideration. It turned out that a number of mixtures gave a similar performance to that of tert -butanol (TB). Basic reaction parameters were thoroughly evaluated. In the batch reaction system with TB as solvent, the recommended conditions were: glycerol/tuna oil 4:1 (mol/mol), TB/tuna oil 2:1 (wt/wt), 15 wt% Novozym 435, and temperature 40 °C. Under these conditions, the yield of MAG was up to 90% after 3 h incubation. Crude MAG from the production was fractionated to produce MAG with higher EPA and DHA content. Using acetone as solvent at 0 °C led to ca 50% yield of MAG but contained EPA and DHA up to 71% in comparison with ca 30% in tuna oil. CONCLUSION: Potentially practical process steps have been developed for the production of MAG containing a high content of EPA and DHA from natural fish oils with high efficiency and simplicity. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry [source]

Ascorbate content of wheat leaves is not determined by maximal l -galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase (GalLDH) activity under drought stress

PLANT CELL & ENVIRONMENT, Issue 9 2005
CARLOS G. BARTOLI
ABSTRACT Although ascorbic acid (AA) is a high-abundance metabolite, relatively little is known about the factors controlling its accumulation in leaves. To address this issue, we examined the role of l -galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase (GalLDH), the enzyme which catalyses the last step of this pathway, in the control of AA content under optimal and stress conditions. In a range of species, no clear relationship between AA content and leaf GalLDH protein and activity was found under optimal growth conditions. To explore the effect of drought stress on GalLDH activity and protein content, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was selected for detailed analysis, using two cultivars that differ in their constitutive AA level. In well-watered plants, the AA content of cv Buck Chambergo (BCH) was over twice that of cv Cooperativa Maipún (CM) but dehydroascorbic acid content was similar in both cv. In agreement with this, dehydroascorbate reductase and glutathione reductase activities were higher in cv BCH than in cv CM, indicating a higher capacity for AA regeneration. Neither leaf DHA content nor activities of AA regenerating enzymes were modified by drought. Although drought caused a substantial increase in GalLDH protein and activity in the low AA cv CM, this treatment had no effect on these parameters in cv BCH. Notably, leaf AA content was unaffected by drought in either cv. These results suggest that GalLDH protein and activity cannot be used as an indicator for changes in the capacity for ascorbate biosynthesis and that AA biosynthesis is constrained by other factors under stress. This can be explained by the importance of regeneration in maintaining AA levels and possibly also by redox regulation of GalLDH. [source]

Content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in serum and liver of rats fed restricted diets supplemented with vitamins B2, B6 and folic acid

BIOFACTORS, Issue 1-4 2004
Jerzy Bertrandt
Abstract The aim of study was to investigate an influence of nutritional deficiency and dietary addition of vit. B2, B6 and folic acid on PUFAs content in rats' serum and liver. Limitation of consumption full value diet to 50% of its previously determined daily consumption, enriched with m/a vitamins, significant decreased of linoleic (LA) and ,-linolenic (ALA) acids as well as distinctly increased arachidonic (AA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids content in serum in 30th day. In 60th day lower content of AA and DHA fatty acids was found. Nutrition with such diet, lasting 90 days caused decrease of LA content and increase of AA. Diet limitation to its 30% of daily consumption decreased of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and DHA in the 30th day, while AA and DHA content was increased in the 60th day. Distinct decrease of AA content and increase of EPA content were found in the 90th day of experiment. Use of diets, with limited consumption to 50% caused increase of LA and ALA acids content while AA and DHA acids content were significantly decreased in the liver, in 90th day. Limited consumption supplemented diet to 30% caused in liver significant decrease of LA and increase of EPA acids content. [source]

Consequences of dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid deficiency on retinal function and intraocular pressure in the rat

ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2009
B BARDET
Purpose Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (,3) are key components in nervous structures but their dietary intakes in the overall population are often below nutritional requirements. A chronic deficiency in ,3 is recognized to be associated with functional impairment of the retina. At the opposite, ,3 supplementation is associated with a reduced risk for AMD. The consequences of ,3 deficiency on other eye structures than the retina, such as ciliary bodies, are scarce. The purpose of our study was to compare the response of the retina and ciliary bodies to dietary ,3 deficiency in terms of fatty acid profile and eye functionality. Methods Two successive generations of Lewis rats (G1 and G2) were obtained under either a standard or ,3-deficient diet. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured by rebound tonometry throughout the experiment. Retinal functionality was assessed by scotopic electroretinography (ERG). Gas chromatography was used to determine the fatty acid profile of the ciliary bodies and retina. Results A 2-fold fall in DHA content of the retina was observed in ,3-deficient G1 animals. This decrease was accentuated in G2 (-66%) and counterbalanced by an increase in DPA,6 in the retina. The b-wave amplitude of the ERG was decreased by 50% at 9mcds/m² in ,3-deficient rats. In ciliary body DHA was reduced by 80% in ,3-deficient in G1 animals but not in G2. Meanwhile, animals from the ,3-deficient diet had increased IOP (18 vs 12mmHg, p<0.0001). Conclusion The crucial role of ,3 in retinal function was confirmed. The most relevant finding from our study is the rise in IOP, the major risk factor for glaucoma, which was observed in animals reared under dietary deficiency in ,3. [source]