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Cytochrome B Gene Sequences (cytochrome + b_gene_sequence)
Selected AbstractsAphid species identification using cuticular hydrocarbons and cytochrome b gene sequencesJOURNAL OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY, Issue 2 2005F. Raboudi Abstract:, In Tunisia, four major aphid species have been identified based on adult female's morphological characters: Aphis gossypii Glover, Aphis craccivora Koch, Myzus persicae Sluzer and Macrosiphum euphorbiae Thomas. Species identification at individual collection sites is often difficult because adults are much fewer in number than larvae which are not so easy to distinguish morphologically. We therefore set up an experiment to determine if cuticular hydrocarbon phenotypes and mitochondrial DNA haplotypes could be used to distinguish such sympatric species. Results showed that each species had an unique cuticular hydrocarbon phenotype and mitochondrial cytochrome b sequence. Cytochrome b restriction fragment-length polymorphism markers, especially DdeI, identified in this sudy constitute a relatively simple and useful approach to distinguish the four species even at the nymphal stage. [source] Molecular phylogenetics of soricid shrews (Mammalia) based on mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences: with special reference to the SoricinaeJOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY, Issue 1 2006S. D. Ohdachi No abstract is available for this article. [source] Identification of mosquito bloodmeals using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I and cytochrome b gene sequencesMEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY, Issue 4 2008J. S. TOWNZEN Abstract Primer pairs were designed and protocols developed to selectively amplify segments of vertebrate mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and cytochrome b (Cyt b) mtDNA from the bloodmeals of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). The protocols use two pairs of nested COI primers and one pair of Cyt b primers to amplify short segments of DNA. Resultant sequences are then compared with sequences in GenBank, using the BLAST function, for putative host identification. Vertebrate DNA was amplified from 88% of our sample of 162 wild-caught, blood-fed mosquitoes from Oregon, U.S.A. and GenBank BLAST searches putatively identified 98% of the amplified sequences, including one amphibian, seven mammalian and 14 avian species. Criteria and caveats for putative identification of bloodmeals are discussed. [source] Invasion genetics of the Eurasian round goby in North America: tracing sources and spread patternsMOLECULAR ECOLOGY, Issue 1 2009JOSHUA E. BROWN Abstract The Eurasian round goby Neogobius melanostomus (Apollonia melanostoma) invaded the North American Great Lakes in 1990 through ballast water, spread rapidly, and now is widely distributed and moving through adjacent tributaries. We analyse its genetic diversity and divergence patterns among 25 North American (N = 744) and 22 Eurasian (N = 414) locations using mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b gene sequences and seven nuclear microsatellite loci in order to: (i) identify the invasion's founding source(s), (ii) test for founder effects, (iii) evaluate whether the invasive range is genetically heterogeneous, and (iv) determine whether fringe and central areas differ in genetic diversity. Tests include FST analogues, neighbour-joining trees, haplotype networks, Bayesian assignment, Monmonier barrier analysis, and three-dimensional factorial correspondence analysis. We recovered 13 cytochrome b haplotypes and 232 microsatellite alleles in North America and compared these to variation we previously described across Eurasia. Results show: (i) the southern Dnieper River population was the primary Eurasian donor source for the round goby's invasion of North America, likely supplemented by some alleles from the Dniester and Southern Bug rivers, (ii) the overall invasion has high genetic diversity and experienced no founder effect, (iii) there is significant genetic structuring across North America, and (iv) some expansion areas show reduced numbers of alleles, whereas others appear to reflect secondary colonization. Sampling sites in Lake Huron's Saginaw Bay and Lake Ontario significantly differ from all others, having unique alleles that apparently originated from separate introductions. Substantial genetic variation, multiple founding sources, large number of propagules, and population structure thus likely aided the goby's ecological success. [source] Phylogeography of the Japanese giant flying squirrel, Petaurista leucogenys (Rodentia: Sciuridae): implication of glacial refugia in an arboreal small mammal in the Japanese IslandsBIOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY, Issue 1 2009TATSUO OSHIDA To test the association between temperate forest dynamics and glacial refugia for arboreal small mammals, we studied the phylogeography of the Japanese giant flying squirrel (Petaurista leucogenys) using complete mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences (1140 bp). This squirrel is endemic to three of Japan's main islands: Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu. We examined 58 specimens of P. leucogenys collected from 40 localities in Japan. Additionally, two individuals with unknown sampling localities were included in phylogenetic analyses. There were 54 haplotypes of P. leucogenys. We found five major phylogroups (Northern, Central, South-eastern, South-western, and Southern). These phylogroups may have originated from glacial refugia during the Late Pleistocene. After the last glaciation, the Northern phylogroup, widely distributed in eastern Japan, could have extensively expanded northward from its refugia. By contrast, in western Japan, population expansion was restricted to western Japan. All members of four phylogroups existed in western Japan during glaciations. The complicated phylogeographical pattern of P. leucogenys populations originating from western Japan may have resulted from the long history. © 2009 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2009, 98, 47,60. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||