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Cultural Relations (cultural + relation)
Selected AbstractsAnglo-Italian Cultural Relations before and during the Long Eighteenth CenturyJOURNAL FOR EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES, Issue 2 2010JOHN GASH Abstract This introduction sketches some of the key factors and moments in Anglo-Italian contact from the Roman occupation of Britain to the emergence of the Grand Tour in the seventeenth century as a channel for cultural interchange. It then indicates some of the changes that occurred in the nature of that interchange during the eighteenth century. These are explored in the ensuing essays, whose subjects range from the impact in Italy of the writings of Hobbes, through the motivations and prejudices of British travellers to the peninsula, to the reciprocal journeys to England of Italian painters and art dealers. [source] Automobility and the Geographies of the CarGEOGRAPHY COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 2 2009Peter Merriman The motor car or automobile has had a profound impact on global mobility, settlement patterns, the global economy, and the environment. Transport policy-makers and environmentalists highlight the unsustainable nature of contemporary petrol-car usage, yet despite widespread calls to rethink contemporary automobility and move towards more sustainable forms of public and private travel, it is only in recent years that social scientists have started to examine the social and cultural geography of the motor car, driving and the spaces of the street, road and motorway in any depth. In this article, I outline some of the research which has been undertaken on the geographies and sociologies of the spaces and practices of driving, focusing in particular on the UK. First, the article outlines the major impact the motor car has had on the geographies of road space. It examines how motor roads have shaped our experience of space and place, and outlines studies of their design, inhabitation, and regulation. Second, this article discusses embodied inhabitations of the spaces of the car: how motor cars have been consumed; how they have shaped our embodied apprehensions of our surroundings; and how they facilitate social and cultural relations. Finally, this article concludes by examining the innovative methods which are increasingly being utilised and developed by social scientists to explore the socialities of automotive spaces. [source] Linguistic politeness and face-work in computer-mediated communication, Part 1: A theoretical frameworkJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, Issue 13 2008Jung-ran Park Our daily social interaction is anchored in interpersonal discourse; accordingly, the phenomenon of linguistic politeness is prevalent in daily social interaction. Such linguistic behavior underscores the fact that linguistic politeness is a critical component of human communication. Speech participants utilize linguistic politeness to avoid and reduce social friction and enhance each other's face, or public self-image, during social interaction. It is face-work that underlies the interpersonal function of language use and encompasses all verbal and nonverbal realizations that bring forth one's positive social value, namely, face. Face-work is founded in and built into dynamic social relations; these social and cultural relations and context directly affect the enactment of face-work. Analysis and a subsequent understanding of sociointerpersonal communication are critical to the fostering of successful interaction and collaboration. Linguistic politeness theory is well positioned to provide a framework for an analysis of social interaction and interpersonal variables among discourse participants inasmuch as it is applicable not only to face-to-face social interactions but also to those interactions undertaken through online communication. [source] RESEARCH ARTICLES: Traces of a Lost Language and Number System Discovered on the North Coast of PeruAMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, Issue 3 2010Jeffrey Quilter ABSTRACT, Sometime in the early 17th century, at Magdalena de Cao, a community of resettled native peoples in the Chicama Valley on the North Coast of Peru, a Spaniard used the back of a letter to jot down the terms for numbers in a local language. Four hundred years later, the authors of this article were able to recover and study this piece of paper. We present information on this otherwise unknown language, on numeracy, and on cultural relations of ethnolinguistic groups in pre- and early-post-Conquest northern Peru. Our investigations have determined that, while several of the Magadalena number terms were likely borrowed from a Quechuan language, the remainder record a decimal number system in an otherwise unknown language. Historical sources of the region mention at least two potential candidate languages, Pescadora and Quingnam; however, because neither is documented beyond its name, a definite connection remains impossible to establish. RESUMEN, En los inicios del siglo diecisiete, en el sitio de Magdalena de Cao, una comunidad de indígenas reducidos en el valle de Chicama en la costa norte del Perú, un español usó el reverso de una carta para anotar las palabras que traducían números en un idioma local. Cuatrocientos años después, la carta fue recuperada y estudiada por los autores de este artículo. Presentamos información acerca de este idioma desconocido, tanto como sobre los conceptos numéricos, y sobre las relaciones culturales de grupos etnolinguísticos en la costa norte del Perú antes y después de la conquista español. Nuestras investigaciones habían determinado que, mientras algunas de las palabras numéricas son probablemente prestadas de un idioma quechua, los demás vienen de un sistema numérico decimal de un idioma hasta ahora desconocido. Las fuentes históricas en la región mencionan al menos dos idiomas como candidatos potenciales, o sea Pescadora y Quingnam, pero como no sabemos sino esos dos nombres, es imposible identificar a que idiomas pertenecieron. [source] Governmentality and the Family: Neoliberal Choices and Emergent Kin Relations in Southern EthiopiaAMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, Issue 1 2009JAMES ELLISON ABSTRACT, Rather than strictly local expressions of relatedness, kinship in southern Ethiopia has long been entangled with broad political and economic forces as people negotiate relations with each other, past generations, and the state. Accompanying government reforms in the 1990s, idioms of individualism and choice have circulated in transnational and national neoliberal discourses of development, rights, and economics. People in southern Ethiopia who use ideologies of ascribed social statuses to define local social hierarchies have employed these discourses in reshaping relatedness through an expansive trade association, which is referred to as a family and works through kinship principles of descent and generation. Drawing from recent scholarship on kinship and new reproductive technologies, I argue that, through mobile knowledges in neoliberal contexts, people choose this family and its lineage founder, transforming descent relations and land-based ideologies. These choices represent the workings of neoliberal governmentality in altering cultural relations of power and inequality. [Keywords:,kinship, neoliberalism, governmentality, hereditary status groups, Ethiopia] [source] Selling Goodwill: Peter Russo and the Promotion of Australia-Japan Relations, 1935-1941AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF POLITICS AND HISTORY, Issue 3 2001Prue Torney-Parlicki This article examines the contribution of Dr Peter Russo (1908-1985) to Australia-Japan relations from 1935 to 1941. Born and educated in Australia, Russo went to Japan in 1931 as the recipient of a travelling scholarship, and in 1934 he was appointed to a lectureship in modern languages at the Tokyo University of Commerce. In 1935, acting in his capacity as delegate for Japan's principal organisation for international cultural relations, he undertook a successful lecture tour in Australia, and in the same year acted as adviser to Japanese diplomat, Katsuji Debuchi, on a goodwill tour of Australia and New Zealand. Over the next five years Russo worked to consolidate these efforts, but as the Pacific War drew closer his loyalty to Australia was increasingly brought into question. The article will trace the development of Russo's role in promoting Australia-Japan relations between 1935 and his return to Australia amid suspicion and controversy in 1941. [source] | ||||||||||