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Cultural Effects (cultural + effects)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Humanities and Social Sciences60%

Selected Abstracts

Estranged but not Alienated: A Precondition of Critical Educational Theory

JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION, Issue 1 2001
Marianna Papastephanou
Alienation is a double-edged concept adaptable to both positive and negative or critical accounts of the individual, culture and society. It is also elastic enough to describe very different economical and cultural effects, and thus it is a potential source of confusion and inconsistency. Alienation is characterised by a Janus-faced adaptability to both neutral/positive and negative uses: the former may be considered as endemic, the latter as historical. In some respects alienation is neither avoidable in education nor wholly undesirable. [source]

National Threat and Political Culture: Authoritarianism, Antiauthoritarianism, and the September 11 Attacks

POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 2 2005
Andrew J. Perrin
This paper uses published letters to the editor of major U.S. newspapers to investigate the cultural effects of a major national threat: the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks. It is based on a hand-coded, stratified random sample of 1,100 letters to the editor published in 17 major papers in the United States (544 pre-September 11, 556 post-September 11). The letters are drawn from a population of 8,101 published letters. Degrees of both authoritarianism and antiauthoritarianism, as well as the general salience of questions of authoritarianism, rose significantly in the post-attack period. The paper suggests that, instead of a simple threat-authoritarianism causal link, authoritarianism and antiauthoritarianism are paired elements of political culture that are invoked together in the face of a national threat. [source]

Who Owns Democracy?: Explaining the Long-running Debate over Canadian/American Value Differences*

CANADIAN REVIEW OF SOCIOLOGY/REVUE CANADIENNE DE SOCIOLOGIE, Issue 3 2005
MICHAEL E. CARROLL
Depuis un certain temps, Seymour Martin Lipset et bon nombre de théoriciens canadiens anglais débattent de la question des différences entre les valeurs canadiennes et américaines. Ce que personne n'a encore jamais demandé est pourquoi ce débat se poursuit-il après toutes ces années. L'auteur propose ici que la longévité de ce débat découle principalement du fait qu'il est alimenté par des affirmations idéologiques rivales et insolubles implicites dans les arguments avancés de part et d'autre. Corame première étape de la démonstration de cette idée, il met en évidence les facons selon lesquelles le débat entre Lipset et ses critiques aurait pu se dérouler vraiment différemment si les préoccupations exprimées par les participants , la comparaison des cultures canadienne et américaine et l'évaluation des effets qui se continuent de la révolution américaine , avaient véritablement été celles suscitant le débat. Enfin, l'auteur cerne la nature précise de ces affirmations idéologiques implicites. Dans les deux cas, il soutient qu'elles reviennent à discuter de « qui détient la meilleure forme de démocratic ». For some time now, Seymour Martin Lipset and a variety of English-Canadian academics have debated the issue of Canadian/American value differences. However, no one has yet asked why this debate is still ongoing. This article suggests that its longevity is mainly fuelled by competing and irresolvable ideological claims implicit in the arguments put forward by each side. It points to the ways in which the debate between Lipset and his critics might have proceeded quite differently if the participants' stated concerns,i.e., comparing the Canadian and American cultures; assessing the continuing cultural effects of the American Revolution,had truly been those fuelling the debate. The final section identifies the precise nature of the implicit ideological claims being advanced. In both cases, I argue, these claims are about "who owns the best sort of democracy." [source]

Maternal Discussions of Mental States and Behaviors: Relations to Emotion Situation Knowledge in European American and Immigrant Chinese Children

CHILD DEVELOPMENT, Issue 5 2010
Stacey N. Doan
This study examined in a cross-cultural context mothers' discussions of mental states and external behaviors in a story-telling task with their 3-year-old children and the relations of such discussions to children's emotion situation knowledge (ESK). The participants were 71 European American and 60 Chinese immigrant mother,child pairs in the United States. Mothers and children read a storybook together at home, and children's ESK was assessed. Results showed that European American mothers made more references to thoughts and emotions during storytelling than did Chinese mothers, who commented more frequently on behaviors. Regardless of culture, mothers' use of mental states language predicted children's ESK, whereas their references to behaviors were negatively related to children's ESK. Finally, mothers' emphasis on mental states over behaviors partially mediated cultural effects on children's ESK. [source]

Quality of life, health satisfaction and family impact on caregivers of children with developmental delays

CHILD: CARE, HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT, Issue 2 2009
R. L. Hsieh
Abstract Objective To study the quality of life, health satisfaction and family impact on caregivers of children with developmental delays in Taiwan. Design Cross-sectional study. Subjects The caregivers of children with diagnoses of developmental delays recruited from a teaching hospital in northern Taiwan. Methods The main caregivers of 48 male and 22 female children with developmental delays were recruited. WHOQOL-BREF for health-related quality of life (HRQOL), PedsQL-Health Satisfaction for health satisfaction, PedsQL-Family Impact Module and Impact on Family Scale for family impact were evaluated. The correlation of caregivers' HRQOL, health satisfaction and family impact were also studied. Results Caregivers in nuclear families had higher health satisfaction scores (78.2 for nuclear families vs. 66.9 for extended families, P < 0.05) when assessed by the PedQL-Health Satisfaction questionnaire. Children's age was negatively correlated with family impact, including parent (,0.272, P = 0.023), family (,0.262, P = 0.029) and total scores (,0.281, P = 0.018) as assessed using the PedsQL-Family Impact Module. Conclusion A negative relation between impact of burden and child's age suggests that family members gradually adapt to the delayed developmental status in their children as they grow. Caregivers in nuclear families having higher health satisfaction than those in extended families may be due to Chinese cultural effects. [source]