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Cumulative Knowledge (cumulative + knowledge)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	40%
Business, Economics, Finance and Accounting	40%

Selected Abstracts

Introduction to the Special Issue: Towards Building Cumulative Knowledge on Women's Entrepreneurship

ENTREPRENEURSHIP THEORY AND PRACTICE, Issue 5 2006
Anne De Bruin
First page of article [source]

Incremental Validity of Situational Judgment Tests for Task and Contextual Job Performance

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SELECTION AND ASSESSMENT, Issue 1 2007
Matthew S. O'Connell
This paper has three goals. First, it responds to calls for additional research on subgroup differences in situational judgment tests. Second, it expands the cumulative knowledge on the incremental validity of situational judgment tests beyond cognitive ability and personality. Third, it examines the validity and incremental validity of various predictors for both task and contextual performance. [source]

Generalizability and transferability of meta-synthesis research findings

JOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING, Issue 2 2010
Deborah Finfgeld-Connett
finfgeld-connett d. (2010) Generalizability and transferability of meta-synthesis research findings. Journal of Advanced Nursing 66(2), 246,254. Abstract Title.,Generalizability and transferability of meta-synthesis research findings. Aim., This paper is a report of a critical analysis of the generalizability and transferability of meta-synthesis research findings. Background., Findings from a large number of qualitative research investigations have had little impact on clinical practice and policy formation. Single qualitative investigations are not intended to produce findings that are directly applicable to clinical practice, simple literature reviews of qualitative studies are not conducted using sophisticated methods to develop new cumulative knowledge, and methods for systematically compiling and synthesizing qualitative findings have just recently been developed in nursing. Data sources., This analysis of qualitative review methods was based on over 10 years of meta-synthesis research experience and a non-time-limited cross-discipline search of the English-language literature related to qualitative research and generalizability. Discussion., Generalizability of meta-synthesis findings is enhanced by insuring validity through systematic sampling, second-tier triangulation, maintenance of well-documented audit trails and the development of multi-dimensional theory. Generalizability of meta-synthesis findings is tentative until successful transference to new situations takes place. Implications for nursing., Nurse researchers are urged to conduct well-designed and executed meta-synthesis investigations that have the potential to generate findings that are relevant to clinical practice and policy formation. They are also encouraged to disseminate their meta-synthesis findings skilfully and work with practitioners and policy-makers to apply and evaluate them judiciously in clinical settings. Conclusion., Qualitative meta-synthesis is a way of putting together qualitative findings from disparate investigations so that they can more readily be used in clinical practice and policy formation. [source]

Lack of statistical significance

PSYCHOLOGY IN THE SCHOOLS, Issue 5 2007
Thomas J. Kehle
Criticism has been leveled against the use of statistical significance testing (SST) in many disciplines. However, the field of school psychology has been largely devoid of critiques of SST. Inspection of the primary journals in school psychology indicated numerous examples of SST with nonrandom samples and/or samples of convenience. In this article we present an argument against SST and its consequent p values in favor of the use of confidence intervals and effect sizes. Further, we present instances of common errors that impede cumulative knowledge in the literature related to school psychology. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 44: 417,422, 2007. [source]

Integrated strategies for assessment of metabolite exposure in humans during drug development: analytical challenges and clinical development considerations

BIOPHARMACEUTICS AND DRUG DISPOSITION, Issue 4 2009
Mingshe Zhu
Abstract Monitoring the exposure of a drug and its metabolites in humans and preclinical species during drug development is required to ensure that the safety of drug-related components in humans are adequately assessed in the standard toxicology studies. Recently published FDA guidance on metabolites in safety testing (MIST) has generated broad discussion from various perspectives. Most of the opinions and experiences shared among the scientific community are scientifically sound and practical. There are various approaches to assess the metabolite exposure margin between toxicology species and humans: either by direct or indirect comparison or by qualitative or quantitative comparison. The choice of when and how to pursuit metabolite assessment is based on the overall development strategy of the compound. Therefore, it is important to understand the utility and limitations of analytical instruments in order to apply an appropriate analytical tool to address specific questions posed at different stages of drug development. The urgency of metabolite monitoring depends on the intrinsic nature of the compound, therapeutic intent and objective of the clinical development. The strategy for assessing metabolite exposure in humans should be a holistic approach considering clinical situations and cumulative knowledge of the metabolism of the drug in order to appropriately address metabolite safety in humans. A one-size-fits-all approach is rarely the best use of resources. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]