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Kinds of Course Terms modified by Course Selected AbstractsCHANGES IN FRIENDSHIP RELATIONS OVER THE LIFE COURSE: IMPLICATIONS FOR DESISTANCE FROM CRIME,CRIMINOLOGY, Issue 2 2003PEGGY C. GIORDANO We analyze life history narratives and structured data derived from a study of serious female and male offenders interviewed when incarcerated as adolescents and followed up thirteen years later. We highlight shifts in the influence of friends and in the nature of friendship choices, and suggest how these changes can facilitate desistance processes. While key events (e.g., marriage) are important to an understanding of such changes, shifts in the actor's perspective and identity are also integral to the process of making successful network realignments. Similarities and differences by gender in the effects of adult social influence processes are also examined. [source] DIAGNOSIS AND CLINICAL COURSE OF ULCERATIVE GASTRODUODENAL LESION ASSOCIATED WITH ULCERATIVE COLITIS: POSSIBLE RELATIONSHIP WITH POUCHITISDIGESTIVE ENDOSCOPY, Issue 4 2010Takashi Hisabe Background and Aim:, Ulcerative colitis (UC) is not only characterized by pathological lesions localized to colonic mucosa, but also to various complications involving other organs, including postoperative pouchitis. Among these complications, diffuse gastroduodenitis with lesions resembling colonic lesions has been reported, albeit rarely. The aim of the present study was to attempt to characterize the lesions of the upper gastrointestinal tract occurring as a complication of UC, and to assess the frequency and clinical course of these lesions. Methods:, A total of 322 UC patients who had undergone upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were retrospectively analyzed. We assessed the frequency of endoscopic findings, including diffuse gastroduodenal lesions resembling colonic lesions. Ulcerative gastroduodenal lesion (UGDL) associated with UC was diagnosed if lesions satisfied the following criteria: (i) improvement of the lesions with treatment of UC; and/or (ii) resemblance to UC in pathological findings. Results:, UGDL satisfying the aforementioned criteria was found in 15 (4.7%) of 322 patients. All the 15 patients had UGDL accompanied by pancolitis or after proctocolectomy. Frequency in 146 patients with pancolitis was 6.2% (nine patients) and that in 81 patients who had undergone proctocolectomy was 7.4% (six patients). Four patients with diffuse ulcerative upper-gastrointestinal mucosal inflammation (DUMI) had pouchitis. In all patients except one, the lesions resolved easily with medical treatment. Conclusions:, In more than half of the post-proctocolectomy patients, UGDL was related to the occurrence of pouchitis. The existence of characteristic UGDL must be taken into account in the diagnosis and treatment of UC, and UGDL is possibly related to the occurrence of pouchitis. [source] THINKING OUTSIDE THE BOX: A NECESSARY COURSE FOR THE FUTURE OF ALCOHOL RESEARCHADDICTION, Issue 5 2010ROGER E. MEYER No abstract is available for this article. [source] FAMILY DISPUTE RESOLUTION: CHARTING A COURSE FOR THE FUTUREFAMILY COURT REVIEW, Issue 3 2009Amy Holtzworth-Munroe This article summarizes ideas for future directions in the field of family dispute resolution, as discussed by legal experts, social scientists, and other participants at the Indiana University,Bloomington conference on family dispute resolution. Five major categories of future directions were discussed: (1) clarifying differing goals for work in this field; (2) recognizing, understanding, and assessing for heterogeneity among couples and families facing divorces, break ups in adult relationships, and reconfigurations of adult relationships with the children ("relationship dissolution"); (3) testing our assumptions and commonly held beliefs about relationship dissolution; (4) empirically testing the efficacy of interventions for families experiencing relationship dissolution; and (5) disseminating research findings to those on the frontline. [source] CLINICAL COURSE and RELAPSE RATE IN INTESTINAL BEHCET'S DISEASEJOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY, Issue 2001TI Kim Behçet's disease is a multisystemic recurrent inflammatory disease. Gastrointestinal tract involvement in Behçet's disease has been identified throughout the alimentary tract and causes diverse symptoms. Various treatment have been utilized to induce or maintain remission. However, little is known about clinical course and prognosis in Behçet's disease with intestinal involvement. The aims of this study were to evaluate the clinical course and relapse rate in intestinal Behçet's disease and to investigate factors that may affect relapse. Methods, Clinical course and characteristics, including demographic parameters, gastrointestinal symptoms as well as systemic manifestations, laboratory data, endoscopic findings, and treatment strategies for the induction of remission, of 97 patients (49 male, 48 female) with intestinal Behçet's disease were retrospectively reviewed. Cumulative relapse free rate and factors related with relapse were analysed by Kaplan,Meier method and log,rank test, respectively. Results, The median duration of the relapse free period was 7 months (ranges from 1 to 171 months). One, two, and five year relapse free rates were 41.2, 29.7 and 10.2%, respectively. Sex, clinical subtype of Behçet's disease, symptom and laboratory data at onset, colonoscopic findings, such as distribution of lesions as well as number, size, depth, and shape of ulcer, and initial treatment (medical vs. surgical) did not affect relapse rate. However, large ulcers (> 20 mm) and young age at onset (< 37 years old) were factors significantly related with higher relapse rate (P < 0.05, log,rank test). Conclusion, High relapse rate in intestinal Behçet's disease was identified. Age at onset and size of the ulcer are factors related with long-term prognosis of intestinal Behçet's disease. [source] LEVIATHANS, CRITICAL THINKING, AND LEGAL PHILOSOPHY: A PROPOSAL FOR A GENERAL EDUCATION LEGAL STUDIES COURSEJOURNAL OF LEGAL STUDIES EDUCATION, Issue 1 2003Nim Razook [source] USING MEXICO AND ROMANIA AS FOCUS COUNTRIES TO ADD DEPTH TO AN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS LAW COURSEJOURNAL OF LEGAL STUDIES EDUCATION, Issue 1 2000Paulette L. Stenzel [source] ALTERNATIVE CURRICULAR OPTIONS IN RURAL NETWORKS (ACORNS): IMPACT OF EARLY RURAL CLINICAL EXPOSURE IN THE UNIVERSITY OF WEST AUSTRALIA MEDICAL COURSEAUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF RURAL HEALTH, Issue 1 2000June Talbot The aim of this study was to assess the impact of a 4-day rural placement in Western Australia on the interest of fourth year medical students in a career in rural general practice. Students undertaking their Alternative Curricular Options in Rural Networks attachment (ACORNS) completed pre- and post-questionnaires examining their expectations, experiences of, and attitudes to rural general practice. Of the 103 students who participated, 81% expressed an interest in a rural career after the placement, whereas prior to this experience only 48% had been interested. The students also recorded a wide range of learning experiences, both clinical and procedural, and expressed positive attitudes to the variety of experiences and the role of the rural GP. The study concluded that early exposure to rural general practice enhances students' interest in a potential rural practice career and provides them with a broad range of experiences. The role of rural practitioners as role models for students needs to be acknowledged and reinforced. [source] EXPANSION OF GOLF COURSES IN THE UNITED STATES,GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEW, Issue 1 2008DARRELL E. NAPTON ABSTRACT. Twenty-five million Americans play golf on the nation's 16,000 courses each year. These golf courses constitute a significant national landscape feature. Since 1878, when the game arrived in the United States, golf has filtered down the urban, economic, and social hierarchies to become accepted by and accessible to most Americans. During the ensuing thirteen decades the number, location, and layout of the nation's golf courses have responded to many of the same driving forces that impacted the nation, including decentralization, growth of the middle class, war, economic depression, suburbanization, and the increasing role of the federal government. Four epochs of golf-course growth and diffusion show the growing acceptance of the sport and depict where courses were most likely to be constructed as a result of the prevailing forces of each epoch. [source] INCORPORATING ECONOMIC ANALYSIS INTO UNDERGRADUATE BUSINESS LAW AND LEGAL ENVIRONMENT COURSES: EMPLOYER LIABILITY FOR SEXUAL HARASSMENT AS A MODELJOURNAL OF LEGAL STUDIES EDUCATION, Issue 2 2000Susan Willey [source] 3-Day Clinical Contact Dermatitis CourseCONTACT DERMATITIS, Issue 3 200312 March 200, Nottingham No abstract is available for this article. [source] Computer Self-Efficacy and Motivation to Learn in a Self-Directed Online CourseDECISION SCIENCES JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE EDUCATION, Issue 1 2009Marcia J. Simmering ABSTRACT Despite the increased use of new learning technologies, there is still much to be learned about the role of learner characteristics in online learning. The purpose of this study was to examine how subjects' characteristics normally associated with effective training (i.e., initial motivation to learn and self-efficacy) related to learning in a self-directed online course. From an analysis of 190 respondents, computer and Internet usage prior to the start of class were positively related to individuals' computer self-efficacy and computer self-efficacy was positively related to learning. However, contrary to expectations, computer self-efficacy was not related to initial motivation to learn and motivation to learn was not related to learning in the class. Post hoc analysis of qualitative data enabled a rich explanation of the findings, including an evaluation of the unexpected relationships among the variables of interest and the nature of self-directed courses in virtual learning environments. [source] Examining Drivers of Course Performance: An Exploratory Examination of an Introductory CIS Applications CourseDECISION SCIENCES JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE EDUCATION, Issue 1 2006Rhonda A. Syler ABSTRACT The accelerating diffusion of broadband Internet access provides many opportunities for the development of pedagogically robust Web-based instruction (WBI). While the supporting technology infrastructure of broadband disseminates, the attention of academic researchers focuses upon issues such as the drivers of student usage of WBI. Specifically, the research presented herein examined the impact of WBI on a student's aggregate course performance. We hypothesized that learning independence (LI) is a determinate factor in a student's use of WBI. In this study, we employed structural equation modeling techniques to examine the data and assess the direct and indirect effects of LI on WBI usage. The subjects, students in an introductory Computer Information Systems applications course, used a Web-based tutorial program for skills instruction. The findings of this study suggest that WBI usage has a significant impact on a student's course performance. Despite its plausibility, the effect of LI on WBI usage was not significant. However, we did conclude that two of the second order factors of the LI construct have a direct effect on a student's performance in the course. [source] An Alternate Multiple-Choice Scoring Procedure in a Macroeconomics CourseDECISION SCIENCES JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE EDUCATION, Issue 1 2004David A. Bradbard ABSTRACT In the standard scoring procedure for multiple-choice exams, students must choose exactly one response as correct. Often students may be unable to identify the correct response, but can determine that some of the options are incorrect. This partial knowledge is not captured in the standard scoring format. The Coombs elimination procedure is an alternate scoring procedure designed to capture partial knowledge. This paper presents the results of a semester-long experiment where both scoring procedures were compared on four exams in an undergraduate macroeconomics course. Statistical analysis suggests that the Coombs procedure is a viable alternative to the standard scoring procedure. Implications for classroom instruction and future research are also presented. [source] Student Hits in an Internet-Supported Course: How Can Instructors Use Them and What Do They Mean?DECISION SCIENCES JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE EDUCATION, Issue 2 2003Andrew, Ellen Baugher Varanelli Weisbord ABSTRACT The world of education is changing as Web-based technology and courseware are increasingly used for delivery of course material. In this environment, instructors may need new measures for determining student involvement, and ultimately student performance. This study examines whether hits to a Web site have any value for predicting student performance in a traditional course supported by Web activities. Total Hits at the end of the semester was used as one measure. Hit Consistency, determined by assigning a 0 when no hits occurred between class meetings and by assigning a 1 when one or more hits occurred between class meetings, was another. Hit Consistency was significantly correlated with course average (r= .37, p < .001) for 108 students in two course sections. Hit Consistency started to show a significant relationship with course average by the third week (or class). Total Hits was not found to significantly correlate with course average (r= .08, p > .05) at the end of the semester or during any week. These results suggest that students who consistently access a Web site will perform better than those who do not. When Hit Consistency and Total Hits were entered as independent variables into a stepwise regression with course average as the dependent variable, the model was enhanced by the addition of Total Hits after Hit Consistency was entered (R= .43, p < .001). Hierarchical regression analysis in which cumulative grade point average was entered as the first controlling variable suggested that online access may go beyond the predictive value of achievement alone for predicting course performance with Hit Consistency appearing to be the dominant causal variable. [source] Sex differences in schizophrenia, a review of the literatureACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 401 2000Dr. Alice Leung M.D. Objective: To comprehensively and critically review the literature on gender differences in schizophrenia. Method: An initial search of MEDLINE abstracts (1966,1999) was conducted using the terms sex or gender and schizophrenia, followed by systematic search of all relevant articles. Results: Males have consistently an earlier onset, poorer premorbid functioning and different premorbid behavioral predictors. Males show more negative symptoms and cognitive deficits, with greater structural brain and neurophysiological abnormalities. Females display more affective symptoms, auditory hallucinations and persecutory delusions with more rapid and greater responsivity to antipsychotics in the pre-menopausal period but increased side effects. Course of illness is more favorable in females in the short- and middle-term, with less smoking and substance abuse. Families of males are more critical, and expressed emotion has a greater negative impact on males. There are no clear sex differences in family history, obstetric complications, minor physical anomalies and neurological soft signs. Conclusion: This review supports the presence of significant differences between schizophrenic males and females arising from the interplay of sex hormones, neurodevelopmental and psychosocial sex differences. [source] German Castles, Customs, and Culture: Introducing a New Approach to the Undergraduate Culture CourseDIE UNTERRICHTSPRAXIS/TEACHING GERMAN, Issue 2 2008John F. Lalande II Courses on the culture of the German-speaking world (GSW) have long dotted the landscape of undergraduate course offerings at North American colleges and universities. The primary purpose of this article is to share information about a new kind of undergraduate culture course that uses castles as a vehicle for introducing students to past and present aspects of GSW culture. [source] GIS-based niche models identify environmental correlates sustaining a contact zone between three species of European vipersDIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS, Issue 3 2008F. Martínez-Freiría ABSTRACT The current range of European vipers is mostly parapatric but local-scale allopatric distribution is common and few cases of sympatry are known. In the High Course of Ebro River, northern Spain, there is a contact zone between Vipera aspis, V. latastei, and V. seoanei. Sympatry was detected between aspis and latastei and also specimens with intermediate morphological traits. Presence-data at a local scale (1 × 1 km) and ecological niche-based models manipulated in a GIS were used to (1) identify how environmental factors correlate with the distribution of the three vipers and with the location of the sympatry area, and (2) identify potential areas for viper occurrence and sympatry. Ensemble for casting with 10 Maximum Entropy models identified a mixture of topographical (altitude, slope), climatic (precipitation, evapotranspiration, and minimum and maximum temperature), and habitat factors (land cover) as predictors for viper occurrence. Similar predicted probabilities according to the variation of some environmental factors (indicating probable sympatry) were observed only for aspis-latastei and aspis-seoanei. In fact, areas of probable occurrence of vipers were generally allopatric but probable sympatry between vipers was identified for aspis-latastei in 76 UTM 1 × 1 km squares, for aspis-seoanei in 23 squares, and latastei-seoanei in two squares. Environmental factors correlate with the location of this contact zone by shaping the species range: some enhance spatial exclusion and constrain distribution to spatially non-overlapping ranges, while others allow contact between species. The distribution in the contact zone apparently results from the balance between the pressures exerted by the different environmental factors and in the sympatry area probably by interspecific competition. Further ecological and genetical data are needed to evaluate the dynamics of the probable hybrid zone. GIS and niche-modelling tools proved to be powerful tools to identify environmental factors sustaining the location of contact zones. [source] Course of Intraatrial Thrombi Resolution Using Transesophageal EchocardiographyECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, Issue 2 2003Jennifer A. Larsen M.D. Thromboembolic events are associated with atrial fibrillation and with cardioversion to sinus rhythm. Although studies have demonstrated the risk of this complication is reduced by a 3-week period of anticoagulation prior to cardioversion, limited data have suggested a longer period of anticoagulation is necessary for thrombus resolution. We identified and followed 25 patients noted to have intraatrial thrombi on an initial transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) who subsequently had a follow-up TEE. The majority of patients had a single thrombus, often but not uniformly located in the left atrial appendage with the largest found in those patients with mitral stenosis. Repeat TEE was performed at a mean of 4 ± 6 months and persistent thrombus was noted in 19 of 25 patients (76%). Seven of 19 patients with persistent thrombi were cardioverted and one of these patients had a neurologic event following the procedure (14%). The only findings associated with persistent thrombus were the presence of mitral valve disease and atrial fibrillation.. Our findings suggest that intraatrial thrombi do not generally resolve following several weeks of anticoagulation and that persistent left-sided intraatrial thrombi may be associated with an increased risk for events following cardioversion. Given that a TEE-guided approach to cardioversion is being utilized more frequently, it may be important to determine thrombus characteristics on follow-up that would be predictive of embolic events following cardioversion. (ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, Volume 20, February 2003) [source] Internet-based prevention for alcohol and cannabis use: final results of the Climate Schools courseADDICTION, Issue 4 2010Nicola C. Newton ABSTRACT Aims To establish the long-term efficacy of a universal internet-based alcohol and cannabis prevention programme in schools. Methods A cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted to assess the effectiveness of the Climate Schools: Alcohol and Cannabis Course. The evidence-based course, aimed at reducing alcohol and cannabis use, is facilitated by the internet and consists of 12 novel and curriculum consistent lessons delivered over 6 months. Participants A total of 764 year 8 students (13 years) from 10 Australian secondary schools were allocated randomly to the internet-based prevention programme (n = 397, five schools), or to their usual health classes (n = 367, five schools). Measures Participants were assessed at baseline, immediately post, and 6 and 12 months following completion of the intervention, on measures of alcohol and cannabis knowledge, attitudes, use and related harms. Results This paper reports the final results of the intervention trial, 12 months following the completion of the Climate Schools: Alcohol and Cannabis Course. The effectiveness of the course 6 months following the intervention has been reported previously. At the 12-month follow-up, compared to the control group, students in the intervention group showed significant improvements in alcohol and cannabis knowledge, a reduction in average weekly alcohol consumption and a reduction in frequency of drinking to excess. No differences between groups were found on alcohol expectancies, cannabis attitudes or alcohol- and cannabis-related harms. The course was found to be acceptable by teachers and students as a means of delivering drug education in schools. Conclusions Internet-based prevention programs for school-age children can improve student's knowledge about alcohol and cannabis, and may also reduce alcohol use twelve months after completion. [source] Concept Acquisition within the Context of an AS Media Studies CourseENGLISH IN EDUCATION, Issue 2 2003Vivien Whelpton Abstract This article explores the means by which students' concept formation can be promoted and outlines findings from an action research project undertaken with a class of 17-year-old AS Media Studies students as a submission for the British Film Institute's MA Certificate in Media Education in 2001. It argues that academic concepts can neither be allowed to develop spontaneously nor be directly taught, but that indirect methods of teacher intervention can be found. It also examines the relationship between thought and language and argues that, while contact with academic discourse can be alienating, its features include a fluency which the handling of complex and abstract ideas requires, particularly in the written mode. The writer suggests that, while this discourse cannot be explicitly taught or learned, modelling techniques may offer a useful approach. [source] Course and outcome of childhood epilepsy: A 15-year follow-up of the Dutch Study of Epilepsy in ChildhoodEPILEPSIA, Issue 7 2010Ada Geerts Summary Purpose:, To study the course and outcome of childhood-onset epilepsy during 15-year follow-up (FU). Methods:, We extended FU in 413 of 494 children with new-onset epilepsy recruited in a previously described prospective hospital-based study by questionnaire. Results:, Mean FU was 14.8 years (range 11.6,17.5 years). Five-year terminal remission (TR) was reached by 71% of the cohort. Course during FU was favorable in 50%, improving in 29%, and poor or deteriorating in 16%. Mean duration of seizure activity was 6.0 years (range 0,21.5 years), strongly depending on etiology and epilepsy type. Duration was <1 year in 25% of the cohort and exceeded 12 years in another 25%. Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) were used by 86% during a mean of 7.4 years: one-third had their last seizure within 1 year of treatment, and one-third continued treatment at the end, although some had a 5-year TR. At last contact, 9% of the cohort was intractable. In multivariate analysis, predictors were nonidiopathic etiology, febrile seizures, no 3-month remission, and early intractability. Eighteen patients died; 17 had remote symptomatic etiology. Standardized mortality ratio for remote symptomatic etiology was 31.6 [95% confidence interval (CI) 18.4,50.6], versus 0.8 [95% CI 0.02,4.2] for idiopathic/cryptogenic etiology. Discussion:, In most children with newly diagnosed epilepsy, the long-term prognosis of epilepsy is favorable, and in particular, patients with idiopathic etiology will eventually reach remission. In contrast, epilepsy remains active in ,30% and becomes intractable in ,10%. AEDs probably do not influence epilepsy course; they merely suppress seizures. Mortality is significantly higher only in those with remote symptomatic etiology. [source] Cognitive Deficits during Status Epilepticus and Time Course of Recovery: A Case ReportEPILEPSIA, Issue 10 2007Wim Van Paesschen Summary:, We describe a young woman with progressive cognitive and neurological deficits during a parietal lobe status epilepticus (SE). Ictal FDG-PET showed left parietal lobe hypermetabolism and frontal lobe hypometabolism with concomitant EEG slowing. Cognitive and neurological deficits fully reversed more than 1 year after seizure remission, and were associated with normalization of FDG-PET and EEG. Our findings suggest that ictal hypometabolism and EEG delta activity at a distance from the epileptic focus were seizure-related phenomena, possibly representing inhibition in seizure propagation pathways, which could be responsible for the epileptic encephalopathy. [source] Time Course of Adverse Events in Patients with Localization-related Epilepsy Receiving Topiramate Added to CarbamazepineEPILEPSIA, Issue 5 2005Jerzy Majkowski Summary:,Purpose: To explore the time course of treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs) during topiramate (TPM) adjunctive therapy. Methods: Post hoc analyses were performed by using data from a large (264 subjects) multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in which 200 mg/day TPM was added to carbamazepine (CBZ) with or without another antiepileptic drug (AED) in adults with treatment-resistant partial-onset seizures. The daily incidence and mean duration of the most common (,5% incidence) AEs were calculated for patients completing the 12-week study. Results: The daily incidence of somnolence, headache, loss of appetite, nervousness, fatigue, dizziness, upper respiratory tract infection, and vertigo peaked during titration and declined to rates similar to that of placebo after the target TPM dose had been reached. In contrast, the daily incidence of paresthesia increased during titration and was maintained for the study duration. Relatively few patients had cognitive symptoms (9% with TPM, 5% with placebo), but these were the most common AEs associated with treatment discontinuation. Patient/investigator reports of weight loss increased gradually over the course of the trial, corresponding with the pattern of change in weight measured at study visits. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that most of the more common AEs with TPM adjunctive therapy are transient. Patients can be counseled that most AEs emerging when TPM is initially added to CBZ can be expected to diminish with continued therapy. [source] Pentylenetetrazol-induced Recurrent Seizures in Rat Pups: Time Course on Spatial Learning and Long-term EffectsEPILEPSIA, Issue 6 2002Li-Tung Huang Summary: ,Purpose: Recurrent seizures in infants are associated with a high incidence of neurocognitive deficits. Animal models have suggested that the immature brain is less vulnerable to seizure-induced injury than is that in adult animals. We studied the effects of recurrent neonatal seizures on cognitive tasks performed when the animals were in adolescence and adulthood. Methods: Seizures were induced by intraperitoneal injection of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) for 5 consecutive days, starting from postnatal day 10 (P10). At P35 and P60, rats were tested for spatial memory by using the Morris water maze task. In adulthood, motor performance was examined by the Rotarod test, and activity level was assessed by the open field test. Seizure threshold was examined by inhalant flurothyl. To assess presence or absence of spontaneous seizures, rats were video recorded for 4 h/day for 10 consecutive days for the detection of spontaneous seizures. Finally, brains were examined for histologic evidence of injury with cresyl violet stain and Timm staining in the supragranular zone and CA3 pyramidal cell layers of the hippocampus. Results: PTZ-treated rats showed significant spatial deficits in the Morris water maze at both P35 and P60. There were no differences in seizure threshold, motor balance, or activity level during the open field test. Spontaneous seizures were not recorded in any rat. The cresyl violet stain showed no cell loss in either the control or experimental rats. PTZ-treated rats exhibited more Timm staining in the CA3 subfield. However, the control and experimental rats showed similar Timm staining within the supragranular zone. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that recurrent PTZ-induced seizures result in long-term cognitive deficits and morphologic changes in the developing brain. Furthermore, these cognitive deficits could be detected during pubescence. [source] Emergency Medicine Crisis Resource Management (EMCRM): Pilot Study of a Simulation-based Crisis Management Course for Emergency MedicineACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Issue 4 2003Martin Reznek MD Objectives: To determine participant perceptions of Emergency Medicine Crisis Resource Management (EMCRM), a simulation-based crisis management course for emergency medicine. Methods: EMCRM was created using Anesthesia Crisis Resource Management (ACRM) as a template. Thirteen residents participated in one of three pilot courses of EMCRM; following a didactic session on principles of human error and crisis management, the residents participated in simulated emergency department crisis scenarios and instructor-facilitated debriefing. The crisis simulations involved a computer-enhanced mannequin simulator and standardized patients. After finishing the course, study subjects completed a horizontal numerical scale survey (1 = worst rating to 5 = best rating) of their perceptions of EMCRM. Descriptive statistics were calculated to evaluate the data. Results: The study subjects found EMCRM to be enjoyable (4.9 ± 0.3) (mean ± SD) and reported that the knowledge gained from the course would be helpful in their practices (4.5 ± 0.6). The subjects believed that the simulation environment prompted realistic responses (4.6 ± 0.8) and that the scenarios were highly believable (4.8 ± 0.4). The participants reported that EMCRM was best suited for residents (4.9 ± 0.3) but could also benefit students and attending physicians. The subjects believed that the course should be repeated every 8.2 ± 3.3 months. Conclusions: The EMCRM participants rated the course very favorably and believed that the knowledge gained would be beneficial in their practices. The extremely positive response to EMCRM found in this pilot study suggests that this training modality may be valuable in training emergency medicine residents. [source] Imagining the Course of Life: Self-Transformation in a Shan Buddhist Community.ETHOS, Issue 1 2010Eberhardt, Nancy. No abstract is available for this article. [source] Topics of Special Interest in an Emergency Medicine Course for Dental Practice TeamsEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION, Issue 2 2004S. Weber Considering increasing life expectancy and population comorbitity, not only dentists but also nursing staff should gain knowledge and skills in treatment of patients in acute life-threatening situations. In cooperation with the State Dental Council, a 1-day course in the management of medical emergencies based on the ERC ALS guidelines was held for primary care dental practice teams. Following a short lecture series (2 hours), a systematic skills-training session (6 hours) was performed in small groups, addressing the following subjects: BLS, airway management and ventilation, intravenous techniques, manual and automated external defibrillation, ALS and resuscitation routine in a typical dental practice setting. For all skills-training sessions, life-like manikins and models were utilized and the emergency scenarios were simulated by the use of a universal patient simulator (SimMan®, MPL/Laerdal). At the end of the course, an evaluation questionnaire was completed by all candidates to find out in which emergency situations the dental practice teams now felt well trained or incompetent. In the first course with 32 participants, 13 were dentists and 19 were dental nurses. In the evaluation results, 53% of both, dentists and nurses, stated to be competent in cardiac arrest situations. 95% of the nurses, but only 69% of the dentists, thought that an automated external defibrillator should be available in the dental practice. 26% of the dentists felt unable to treat patients with anaphylactic reactions adequately, whereas 37% of the nurses felt incompetent in respiratory emergencies. [source] Asymmetric Homoaldol Reactions with Cyclohex-2-enyl N,N -Diisopropylcarbamate: Kinetic Resolution, Elucidation of the Stereochemical Course and Applications in the Synthesis of Hexahydroisobenzofuran-4-(1H)-onesEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 20 2007Jochen Becker Abstract Enantio-enriched cyclohex-2-enyl N,N -diisopropylcarbamate (5) is stereospecifically deprotonated by sec -butyllithium/(,)-sparteine (9) to form the configurationally stable lithium complex 7·9. A kinetic resolution of rac - 5 by n -butyllithium/(,)-sparteine (9) yielded (R)- 5 with up to 99,% ee. Electrophilic substitution with tin electrophiles proceeds in a anti -SE, fashion as shown by chemical correlations. The synthesized allylstannanes 10 undergo a highly stereospecific TiCl4 -mediated homoaldol reaction with various aldehydes, yielding syn -configured homoaldol products 12. These were transferred into all - cis -configured hexahydroisobenzofuran-4(1H)-ones 22 by BF3·OEt2 -mediated reactions with aldehydes. The configurations of several products were determined by X-ray structure analysis. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007) [source] International Short Course on DermoscopyEXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY, Issue 6 2007Article first published online: 21 MAY 200 No abstract is available for this article. [source] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||