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Corneum Lipids (corneum + lipid)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences100%

Kinds of Corneum Lipids

  • stratum corneum lipid
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    Selected Abstracts

    Is the axilla a distinct skin phenotype?

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE, Issue 1 2007
    A. Watkinson
    The axillary skin is cosmetically important with millions of consumers daily applying antiperspirant/deodorant products. Despite this, we know virtually nothing about axillary skin or how antiperspirant use impacts upon it. To characterize axillary stratum corneum and determine whether this is a unique skin type, we have evaluated a range of skin parameters, comparing these with the volar forearm. Trans-epidermal water loss and corneosurfametry revealed a reduced barrier function in the axilla. However, application of antiperspirant had no effect upon these barrier properties. High performance thin layer chromatography analysis of stratum corneum lipids demonstrated statistically elevated levels of fatty acids, ceramide and particularly cholesterol in the axilla. This modification of barrier lipid ratios appeared to result in a more ordered lipid lamellae phase behaviour, as determined by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, with transition phase changes occurring at higher temperatures. Morphological differences were also seen in the cells of the axillary stratum corneum. Microscopic evaluation of axillary-cornified envelopes revealed them to be smaller, indicative of a shorter stratum corneum turnover. However, there appeared to be no significant difference corneocyte maturation. ,Skin dryness' squamometry measurements indicated that the axillary stratum corneum retained desquamated material on its surface more than on the forearm. This correlated with decreased levels of the desquamatory stratum corneum chymotryptic enzyme in the surface layers of the skin. These results indicate that the axilla has a distinct phenotype. Paper presented at the 22nd IFSCC Congress 2002, Edinburgh, Scotland [source]

    Reduced barrier efficiency in axillary stratum corneum

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE, Issue 3 2002
    A. Watkinson
    Synopsis The skin of the axilla is cosmetically important with millions of consumers daily applying antiperspirant/deodorant products. Despite this, we know virtually nothing about axillary skin or how antiperspirant (AP) use impacts upon it. To characterize the axillary stratum corneum and determine whether this is a unique skin type, we have looked at stratum corneum composition and function, particularly its barrier properties, and compared it with other body sites. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and corneosurfametry (CSM) revealed a reduced barrier function in the axilla. HPTLC analysis of the stratum corneum lipids demonstrated statistically elevated levels of fatty acids, ceramides, and particularly cholesterol in the axilla. Both ceramide and cholesterol did not appear to change with depth, indicating that they were predominantly of stratum corneum origin. On the other hand, at least some of the fatty acid had a sebaceous origin. We hypothesized that the reduced barrier function might be owing to the changes in the crucial ceramide : cholesterol ratio. To address this, we used a combination of attenuated total reflectance,Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (ATR,FTIR) with cyanoacrylate sampling. These results demonstrated more ordered lipid-lamellae phase behaviour in the axilla, suggesting that the elevated cholesterol might form crystal microdomains within the lipid lamellae, allowing an increase in water flux. Since an exaggerated application of antiperspirant had no effect upon the axilla barrier properties, it is concluded that this region of skin physiologically has a reduced barrier function. Résumé La peau des aisselles est importante du point de vue cosmétique, avec des millions de consommateurs appliquant quotidiennement des produits antitranspirants/déodorants. Malgré cela, nous ne connaissons pratiquement rien de la peau des aisselles ou de l'impact que l'utilization d'antitranspirants peut avoir sur celle-ci. Afin de caractériser la stratum corneum des aisselles et de déterminer si elle constitue un type de peau spécifique, nous avons examiné la composition et la fonction de la stratum corneum, en particulier ses propriétés de barrière, comparées à d'autres zones du corps. La perte d'eau trans -épidermique (trans -epidermal water loss TEWL) et la cornéosurfamétrie (CSM) ont révélé une fonction barrière réduite dans les aisselles. L'analyse HPTLC des lipides de la stratum corneum a démontré la présence de niveaux statistiquement plus élevés d'acides gras, de céramides et en particulier de cholestérol dans la peau axillaire. Ni les céramides ni le cholestérol n'ont semblé changer en fonction de la profondeur, indiquant qu'ils sont probablement originaires du stratum corneum. Cependant, au moins une partie des acides gras avaient une origine sébacée. Notre hypothèse est qu'une réduction de la fonction de barrière de la stratum corneum axillaire est peut-être due à des changements dans le rapport crucial céramides : cholestérol. Pour examiner cette hypothèse, nous avons utilisé la spectroscopie infrarouge par transformée de Fourier ATR[l'attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (ATR,FTIR)] combinée à l'échantillonnage au cyanoacrylate. Ces résultats ont dévoilé un comportement de phase de lamelles lipidiques plus ordonnée dans les aisselles, suggérant que le cholestérol puisse former des microdomaines cristallins à l'intérieur des lamelles lipidiques, ce qui permettrait ainsi une augmentation du flux d'eau. Puisque l'application exagérée d'anti-transpirant n'a pas eu d'effet sur les propriétés de barrière des aisselles, nous concluons que cette région de la peau a une fonction de barrière physiologique réduite. [source]

    Stratum corneum lipids, skin barrier function and filaggrin mutations in patients with atopic eczema

    ALLERGY, Issue 7 2010
    J. M. Jungersted
    To cite this article: Jungersted JM, Scheer H, Mempel M, Baurecht H, Cifuentes L, Høgh JK, Hellgren LI, Jemec GBE, Agner T, Weidinger S. Stratum corneum lipids, skin barrier function and filaggrin mutations in patients with atopic eczema. Allergy 2010; 65: 911,918. Abstract Background:, Prior to the discovery of filaggrin (FLG) mutations, evidence for an impaired skin barrier in atopic dermatitis (AD) has been documented, and changes in ceramide profile, altered skin pH and increased trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) in patients with AD have been reported. Until now, no studies have analysed stratum corneum (SC) lipids combined with skin barrier parameters in subjects of known FLG genotype. Methods:, A cohort of 49 German individuals genotyped for the most common FLG mutations (R501X, 2282del4) had SC samples taken for lipid analysis by high-performance thin layer chromatography. In addition, TEWL, erythema, skin hydration and pH were measured. In 27 of the 49 individuals, a 24-h irritation patch test with sodium lauryl sulphate was performed. For the analysis, both the AD group and the control group were stratified by FLG mutation status (FLGmut/FLGwt). Results:, In the FLGmut AD group, significantly lower levels of ceramide 4 and significantly higher levels of ceramide 7 were observed when compared to both healthy control groups. However, ceramide 7 levels also significantly differed between FLGwt AD and FLGwt controls, as did ceramide 1 levels. No significant differences were observed for ceramide 2, 3, 5 and 6. FLGmut individuals had significantly higher skin pH values than individuals not carrying FLG mutations. Patients with AD with FLG mutations had significantly higher erythema compared to patients with AD without FLG mutations. Conclusion:, Our results confirm previous observations of altered ceramide levels in AD, which however appear to show no clear relationship with FLG mutations. [source]