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Core Elements (core + element)
Selected AbstractsMid-term report on St Luke's College of Nursing's 21st century Center of Excellence Program: Core elements and specific goals of people-centered careJAPAN JOURNAL OF NURSING SCIENCE, Issue 1 2006Hiroko KOMATSU Abstract Aim:, This paper, at the halfway point of the 5 year Center of Excellence (COE) Program, aims to extract common core elements of each COE project working on the development of people-centered care and to clarify future issues related to the COE Program through the evaluation of those elements. Methods:, All data obtained in such research activities, including records, interviews, meeting minutes, and results, are shared for each project in COE section meetings or general assemblies and the findings that are established there are accumulated. We also have set up a working group to develop the people-centered care concept by continuously reviewing the core elements of people-centered care based on the collected data. In order to track the projects in an orderly manner, we classified and organized the activities of the 11 COE projects based on the Process Evaluation Model and reviewed common important elements. Results:, The characteristic components, related to participation, relationships, capacity-building, empowerment, and product (specific achievements), were extracted as common core elements of each COE project. Conclusion:, In order to maintain the sustainability of people-centered care incorporated in communities, concrete strategies for improving economic efficiency, social significance and utility, and evaluation methods need to be developed. [source] Tourism in Dubai: overcoming barriers to destination developmentINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOURISM RESEARCH, Issue 2 2006Joan C. Henderson Abstract The Middle East as a whole attracts comparatively few visitors, and political events in the current century have generated new uncertainties and tensions which seem likely to further discourage tourists and investors. Additional barriers relate to poor accessibility, a perceived lack of conventional attractions and limited promotion. Despite these apparently unfavourable circumstances, international tourism has been adopted by the Dubai authorities as a core element in a programme of economic diversification. They have invested heavily in expensive facilities, as well as undertaken extensive marketing, and the outcome has been strong growth in tourism. There are great expectations of the future, reflected in the setting of very high arrival targets. However, there are also several constraints that might inhibit progress, with a need to review strategies. The experience of Dubai thus serves to illustrate factors that are critical to destination development, major impediments and approaches to overcoming these. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley &Sons, Ltd. [source] Tourism and economic regeneration: the role of skills developmentINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOURISM RESEARCH, Issue 3 2001Rhodri Thomas Abstract An increasing number of local economic development agencies in the UK are turning to tourism as a means of urban regeneration and employment creation. Although initiatives vary, there is a nationally inspired emphasis on the development of employee skills as a core element of many regeneration strategies. This paper reports the findings of a qualitative study of the demand for and utilisation of skills by tourism firms in East London, an area that is the recipient of substantial urban aid funding, a proportion of which has an overt focus on skills enhancement designed to develop the tourism sector. It then examines the processes of skills supply within the locality. The paper concludes by identifying the key issues likely to be important if regeneration programmes are to be effective. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Voluntary Contributions to Multiple Public ProjectsJOURNAL OF PUBLIC ECONOMIC THEORY, Issue 1 2003M. Koster The problem of financing a set of discrete public goods (facilities, projects) by private contributions is studied. The corresponding cooperative game, the realization game, is shown to be convex. For the noncooperative setting we study a realization scheme that induces a strategic game. This contribution game is shown to be a generalized ordinal potential game; a best,response in the contribution game implies a best response in a coordination game in which the payoff to all players is the utilitarian collective welfare function, i.e., the sum of the utility functions of the players. Strategy profiles maximizing utilitarian welfare are strong Nash equilibria of the contribution game. Each strong Nash equilibrium corresponds in a natural way with a core element of the realization game, and vice versa. Moreover, each strong Nash equilibrium is coalitional proof. [source] The Importance of Context in Fostering Responsive Community Systems: Supports for Families in Systems of CareAMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPSYCHIATRY, Issue 1 2010James R. Cook The importance of helping families of children with severe emotional disturbances (SED) connect with informal or natural supports,that is, individuals who are part of their ongoing communities and daily lives,has been widely recognized. Utilization of informal supports has thus become a core element within systems of care (SOCs) designed to improve services for children with SED and their families. However, research demonstrates that implementation of wraparound, the key practice approach within SOCs, often does not include involvement of informal supports. Using a measure of social connectedness (SC), developed to augment the instruments used for the SOC national evaluation, this study assessed parents' and caregivers' views of their connections to and support from their community within a SOC. Overall, parents and caregivers reported low levels of support across multiple sources as well as a desire for more support. Greater levels of perceived support related positively to caregiver strain, types of and satisfaction with services received, and views of their communities as supportive and safe. Greater attention to families' contexts and the identification of effective ways to connect families to their communities are recommended. [source] Identification of a novel cis -acting element conferring sulfur deficiency response in Arabidopsis rootsTHE PLANT JOURNAL, Issue 3 2005Akiko Maruyama-Nakashita Summary SULTR1;1 high-affinity sulfate transporter is highly regulated in the epidermis and cortex of Arabidopsis roots responding to sulfur deficiency (,S). We identified a novel cis -acting element involved in the ,S-inducible expression of sulfur-responsive genes in Arabidopsis. The promoter region of SULTR1;1 was dissected for deletion and gain-of-function analysis using luciferase (LUC) reporter gene in transgenic Arabidopsis. The 16-bp sulfur-responsive element (SURE) from ,2777 to ,2762 of SULTR1;1 promoter was sufficient and necessary for the ,S-responsive expression, which was reversed when supplied with cysteine and glutathione (GSH). The SURE sequence contained an auxin response factor (ARF) binding sequence (GAGACA). However, SURE was not responsive to naphthalene acetic acid, indicating its specific function in the sulfur response. The base substitution analysis indicated the significance of a 5-bp sequence (GAGAC) within the conserved ARF binding site as a core element for the ,S response. Microarray analysis of early ,S response in Arabidopsis roots indicated the presence of SURE core sequences in the promoter regions of ,S-inducible genes on a full genome GeneChip array. It is suggested that SURE core sequences may commonly regulate the expression of a gene set required for adaptation to the ,S environment. [source] Applying forest restoration principles to coral reef rehabilitationAQUATIC CONSERVATION: MARINE AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS, Issue 5 2003N. Epstein Abstract 1.Forest restoration through silviculture (gardening) programs revives productivity, biodiversity, and stability. As in silviculture approaches, the coral ,gardening' strategy is based on a two-step protocol. 2.The first step deals with the establishment of in situ and/or ex situ coral nurseries in which corals are farmed (originating from two types of source material: asexual [ramets, nubbins], and sexual [planula larvae, spat] recruits). 3.The second is the reef rehabilitation step, where maricultured colonies are transplanted into degraded sites. 4.We compare here the rationale of forest restoration to coral reef ecosystem restoration by evaluating major key criteria. As in silviculture programs, a sustainable mariculture operation that focuses on the prime structural component of the reef (,gardening' with corals) may promote the persistence of threatened coral populations, as well as that of other reef taxa, thus maintaining genetic diversity. In chronically degrading reef sites this may facilitate a halt in biodiversity depletion. 5.Within the current theoretical framework of ecosystem restoration, the recovery of biodiversity indices is considered a core element since a rich species diversity provides higher ecosystem resilience to disturbances. 6.The gardening measure may also be implemented worldwide, eliminating the need to extract existing colonies for transplantation operations. At degraded reef sites, the coral gardening strategy can assist in managing human and non-human stakeholders' requirements as is done in forest management. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] ,-Thalassaemia intermedia in a Turkish girl: homozygosity for G,A substitution at +22 relative to the ,-globin cap siteBRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY, Issue 1 2001R. Öner We provide the first description of a homozygote patient for the G,A substitution in the 5, UTR of the ,-globin gene. The proband was a 17-year-old girl with ,-thalassaemia intermedia who had never received a blood transfusion. The physical examination revealed a well-developed women with no facial or bony abnormalities. There was mild paleness and mild splenomegaly which was 2 cm below the costal margin. The haemoglobin (Hb) was 7·6 g/dl, Hb A2 5·4% and Hb F 14·6% of the total Hb. The Hb A2 of both parents was 3·5%. The Hb F level in the mother and father were 0·9, 1·2% and the mean cell volume (MCV) value was 70 and 72 fl respectively. DNA analysis of the ,-gene region of the propositus revealed homozygosity for a G,A substitution at nucleotide +22 relative to the ,-gene cap site, within a functional downstream region that was referred to as the DCE (downstream core element). In addition to the data obtained previously from in vitro transcription assays, clinical findings and in vivo expression studies gave some valuable clues about the effect of +22 G,A mutation on the expression of ,-gene. Phenotypic expression of this homozygous patient is highly suggestive that G,A substitution at nt +22 confers a relatively mild (silent) ,+ -thalassaemia phenotype. [source] Protecting cultural assets from bushfires: a question of comprehensive planningDISASTERS, Issue 1 2008Prue Laidlaw Cultural heritage sites form an unrenewable asset that is threatened by natural disasters. Given the high bushfire risk, mandatory Bush Fire Risk Management Plans have been drawn up throughout New South Wales, Australia. We compared their mandatory provisions for the protection of heritage assets with an,Ideal Heritage Disaster Plan', containing a series of non-negotiable elements. The examined plans fell well short of the ideal. Preparedness Plans generally lacked a discussion of suppression techniques (for historic heritage), prevention, prescribed drills and communication procedures. None of the Response Plans or Recovery Plans contained any of the required core elements, such as rapid suppression techniques and stabilisation procedures. Where aspects were covered, they were addressed in an inadequate level of detail. The overall quality of the cultural heritage components of the plans is judged to be poor. Suggestions are made on how to improve the situation if heritage assets are to have a future following bushfire events. [source] Analysis of cooperative mechanism of industry,academy R&D alliance lab and case studyHUMAN FACTORS AND ERGONOMICS IN MANUFACTURING & SERVICE INDUSTRIES, Issue 2 2010Jingyuan Zhao Abstract With a knowledge-based economy emerging, knowledge and innovations have been the core elements of organizations' competitive advantages. Universities, institutes, and enterprises can reach the goal of advantage complement and innovation cooperation by establishing a research and development (R&D) alliance lab. This article focuses on an industry,academy R&D alliance lab, analyzes its motivations and impacting factors, and discusses its cooperative mechanisms. The alliance lab of Tsinghua-Sohu Search Technology is studied as a typical case to provide a reference for industry,academy alliance R&D labs in terms of cooperative mechanisms. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] Mid-term report on St Luke's College of Nursing's 21st century Center of Excellence Program: Core elements and specific goals of people-centered careJAPAN JOURNAL OF NURSING SCIENCE, Issue 1 2006Hiroko KOMATSU Abstract Aim:, This paper, at the halfway point of the 5 year Center of Excellence (COE) Program, aims to extract common core elements of each COE project working on the development of people-centered care and to clarify future issues related to the COE Program through the evaluation of those elements. Methods:, All data obtained in such research activities, including records, interviews, meeting minutes, and results, are shared for each project in COE section meetings or general assemblies and the findings that are established there are accumulated. We also have set up a working group to develop the people-centered care concept by continuously reviewing the core elements of people-centered care based on the collected data. In order to track the projects in an orderly manner, we classified and organized the activities of the 11 COE projects based on the Process Evaluation Model and reviewed common important elements. Results:, The characteristic components, related to participation, relationships, capacity-building, empowerment, and product (specific achievements), were extracted as common core elements of each COE project. Conclusion:, In order to maintain the sustainability of people-centered care incorporated in communities, concrete strategies for improving economic efficiency, social significance and utility, and evaluation methods need to be developed. [source] European Manifesto on Basic Standards of Health Care For People with Intellectual DisabilitiesJOURNAL OF POLICY AND PRACTICE IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES, Issue 1 2004M. M. Meijer Abstract An invitational conference organized by the Netherlands Society of Physicians for Persons with Intellectual Disabilities (NVAVG) and the European Association of Intellectual Disability Medicine (MAMH), in collaboration with the Erasmus Medical Center's Department of Specialist Training for Physicians for People with Intellectual Disabilities, had as its aim the development and issuance of an European manifesto on adequate health care for people with intellectual disabilities (ID). This paper provides an overview of the basis for the conference and the manifesto and lays out recommendations for the implementation of the manifesto's main points. The group's product, the European Manifesto on Basic Standards of Health Care for People with Intellectual Disabilities, summarizes the core elements of adequate health care for individuals with ID, and offers guidance on how Europe's nations may address deficiencies in health provision for people with ID. The manifesto's main points include a call for greater available and accessible health care, increasing the competencies in ID of health professionals, educators, and researchers, a greater reliance on a multidisciplinary approach to health care, more specialist services, and a proactive emphasis on personal health management. [source] The Uneven Performance of Third Wave Democracies: Electoral Politics and the Imperfect Rule of Law in Latin AmericaLATIN AMERICAN POLITICS AND SOCIETY, Issue 3 2002Joe Foweraker ABSTRACT This article investigates the performance of the new democracies of the third wave by developing a conceptual model of the core elements of liberal democratic government and by constructing a new Database of Liberal Democratic Performance. The performance is shown to be uneven in two main ways. First, the institutional attributes of democratic government advance while individual and minority rights languish. Second, particular institutional attributes coexist uncomfortably, as do particular rights. A comparison of Brazil, Colombia, and Guatemala complements the big picture drawn from the database and focuses on the specific contextual conditions that can create the general political contours of the wave. The uneven democratic performance of these cases is mainly explained by the combination of persistent oligarchic power and a largely unaccountable military. Yet uneven performance, and the imperfect rule of law in particular, does not necessarily prevent democratic survival. [source] A pre-event configuration for biological threats: Preparedness and the constitution of biosecurity eventsAMERICAN ETHNOLOGIST, Issue 3 2009LIMOR SAMIMIAN-DARASH ABSTRACT Drawing on an inquiry into Israel's preparedness for biological threats, in this article I suggest a new analysis of biosecurity events. A complex and dynamic assemblage emerges to prepare for biological threats, one that I call a "pre-event configuration." The assemblage is composed of three core elements,the scientific element, the security element, and the public health element,each of which diagnoses threats and suggests appropriate solutions. This configuration also determines what will be perceived as an event for which preparation is needed and what will remain a nonevent. I maintain that the constitution of an event takes place beyond the actual time of its occurrence and is determined by the pre-event configuration in the "time of event." Therefore, a comprehensive analysis of events should combine an examination of actual events and their aftermath with an inquiry into their potentialities as determined by the pre-event configuration. [biosecurity, preparedness, events, disasters] [source] Social Representations of Retirement in France: A Descriptive StudyAPPLIED PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 3 2009Christine Roland-Lévy The social representations of three social groups (students, people in the workforce, and retirees) are investigated. Comparison of the three samples allows one to describe how social representations of retirement differ according to age and employment status. It can be noted that both students and adults who are still working share some core elements in their representation of retirement, which is mainly perceived as a well-deserved time to rest. However, the central nucleus of those people who have recently retired excludes this idea of needing some time to rest and centers more around having less stress, and more freedom; the end of work might mean undesired inactivity. Les représentations sociales de la retraite de trois groupes sociaux (étudiants, individus issus de la population active et retraités) sont étudiées. La comparaison entre les trois échantillons permet de décrire comment les représentations sociales de la retraite diffèrent selon l'âge et le statut du sujet. On a pu noter que les étudiants et les adultes en activité partagent quelques éléments centraux de leur représentation sociale de la retraite, qui est essentiellement perçue comme un temps de repos bien mérité. Cependant, le noyau central des personnes récemment retraitées ne contient pas cette idée d'un besoin d'un temps de repos et se centre plus sur le fait d'être moins stressé et d'avoir plus de liberté; la fin du travail pourrait alors signifier une inactivité non désirée. [source] Predictors of treatment outcome in dually-diagnosed antisocial youth: an initial study of forensic inpatientsBEHAVIORAL SCIENCES & THE LAW, Issue 2 2004Richard Rogers Ph.D. The safe and effective management of adolescent offenders is a top priority for inpatient forensic programs. Treatment successes were examined for adolescent offenders on four parameters, specifically hospital course, level of improvement, time to discharge, and rapidity of improvement. Hospital course was predicted primarily by the breadth of polysubstance abuse with modest but independent contributions by psychopathic characteristics, and aggressive conduct-disorder symptoms. An important finding for treatment was that level of improvement at discharge was only marginally affected by psychopathic traits. In addition, rapidity of improvement was predicted only by decreased polysubstance abuse. Approximately one-fourth of the adolescent offenders experienced a substantial decrease in psychopathic characteristics. This finding was unexpected because the generic treatment program did not target the core elements of psychopathy. Even in the absence of nontreatment controls, this diminution of psychopathic traits in 25% of adolescent offenders raises important questions about the temporal stability of these traits and their potential amenability to generic interventions. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Toward a more efficient and effective neurologic examination for the 21st century,EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, Issue 12 2005T. H. Glick Practice pressures and quality improvement require greater efficiency and effectiveness in the neurologic examination. I hypothesized that certain ,marginal' elements of the examination rarely add value and that ,core' elements, exemplified by the plantar response (Babinski), are too often poorly performed or interpreted. I analyzed 100 published, neurologic clinicopathologic conferences (CPCs) and 180 ambulatory neurologic consultations regarding 13 hypothetically ,marginal' examination components (including ,frontal' reflexes, olfaction, jaw strength, corneal reflex, etc.); also, 120 exams on medical inpatients with neurologic problems, recording definitive errors. I surveyed the recalled practices of 24 non-neurologists and reviewed the literature for relevant data or guidance. In the CPCs the ,marginal' elements of the examination were rarely provided, requested, or used diagnostically, nor did they contribute in the 180 ambulatory consultations. In the chart review errors and omissions dominated testing of plantar responses, with missed Babinski signs in 14% of all cases and 77% of patients with Babinski signs. House officers harbored unrealistic expectations for performance of ,marginal' examination elements. Most textbooks omit detailed guidance (and none cite evidence) on achieving greater efficiency. Exams should be streamlined, while improving ,core' skills. Neurologists should apply evidence to update the exam taught to students and non-neurologists. [source] | ||||||||||||||||||||||