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Activity Rating (activity + rating)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	50%

Selected Abstracts

Clinical trial: once-daily mesalamine granules for maintenance of remission of ulcerative colitis , a 6-month placebo-controlled trial

ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, Issue 8 2010
G. R. Lichtenstein
Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2010; 32: 990,999 Summary Background, Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic relapsing and remitting idiopathic inflammatory bowel disorder. Aim, To evaluate once-daily mesalamine (mesalazine) granules (MG) for maintenance of remission of UC. Methods, Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of patients (n = 209 MG, n = 96 placebo) with UC in remission [revised Sutherland Disease Activity Index (SDAI) rectal bleeding = 0, mucosal appearance <2] who took MG 1.5 g or placebo once-daily for up to 6 months. Primary efficacy endpoint: the percentage of patients who remained relapse-free at month 6/end of treatment. Relapse was defined as SDAI rectal bleeding score ,1 and a mucosal appearance score ,2, a UC flare, or initiation of medication to treat a UC flare. Results, The percentage of relapse-free patients at month 6/end of treatment was higher with MG than placebo (78.9% vs. 58.3%, P < 0.001) in the intent-to-treat analysis. Significant differences (P , 0.025) favouring MG were observed for most secondary endpoints including improvement in rectal bleeding, physician's disease activity rating, stool frequency, the SDAI at month 6/end of treatment, patients classified as a treatment success and relapse-free duration. The incidence of adverse events was similar between groups. Conclusions, Once-daily mesalamine (mesalazine) was effective in maintaining remission of UC for 6 months. [source]

Supported (nBuCp)2ZrCl2 Catalysts: Effects of Selected Lewis Acid Organotin Silica Surface Modifiers on Ethylene Polymerization

MACROMOLECULAR REACTION ENGINEERING, Issue 4 2008
Muhammad N. Akhtar
Abstract This study investigated the effects of several organotin silica surface modifiers on the ethylene polymerization performance of (nBuCp)2ZrCl2 -based supported catalysts in which MAO and metallocene were sequentially loaded. Each organotin compound acted as a spacer, increasing the catalyst activity. However, the catalyst activity and of the resulting polyethylenes varied as follows: Activity and fractional Sn+ charge: nBuSn(OH)2Cl,>,MeSnCl3,>,nBuSnCl3,>,Reference catalyst; and, : Reference catalyst,>,nBuSnCl3,>,MeSnCl3,>,nBuSn(OH)2Cl. The above catalyst activity rating was explained considering the influence of the Lewis acidity, that is, the fractional Sn+ charge of the organotin modifiers on the generation, concentration, and electron density at the active [(nBuCp)2ZrMe]+ cation. All the catalysts showed fairly stable kinetic profiles and produced narrow molecular weight distribution resins; 2.8,,,PDI,,,3. [source]

Posttraumatic play in young children exposed to terrorism: An empirical study,

INFANT MENTAL HEALTH JOURNAL, Issue 2 2010
Esther Cohen Dr.
The phenomenon of "posttraumatic play" (PTP) has received much clinical recognition and little empirical support. The objective of this study was to examine various aspects of PTP in young children exposed to terror events and their relation to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Individual play sessions, conducted with 29 young Israeli children directly exposed to terrorism (M age = 5.47, SD = 1.34) and 25 matched unexposed children (M age = 5.62, SD = 0.87), were coded using the Children's Play Therapy Instrument,Adaptation for Terror Research (CPTI-ATR; S.E. Chazan & E. Cohen, 2003). Analyses using these ratings showed (a) significant differences between the two groups, (b) significant associations with the caregiver's reports on child's exposure, and (c) significant associations with the caregiver's reports on the child's PTSD symptoms. Play activity ratings of predominant negative affects, frequent acting-out/morbid themes, lowered developmental level, and reduced awareness of the child of him- or herself as a player significantly predicted more PTSD symptoms. PTP which included more coping strategies classified as "overwhelmed reexperiencing" and less "reenactment with soothing" was associated with a higher level of PTSD. Play analysis with the CPTI-ATR may be helpful in identifying PTSD in children and also guide the selection of therapeutic techniques. [source]

Barriers to adherence among adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease

INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES, Issue 1 2010
Rachel Neff Greenley PhD
Abstract Background: The purpose of this study was to describe barriers to adherence among adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and to examine demographic, disease-related, and treatment regimen-related correlates of adherence barriers using a multimethod reporting strategy. A final goal was to examine relationships between the frequencies of barriers and levels of nonadherence. Methods: In all, 64 adolescents (ages 11,18) participated, along with 61 mothers and 25 fathers. Barriers to adherence and ratings of medication adherence were assessed via patient and parent reports. Disease activity ratings were provided by pediatric gastroenterologists. Results: Lack of time and medication side effects were commonly reported barriers across adolescent, mother, and father reports. Other adolescent-reported barriers included missing medication due to feeling well or discontinuing medication based on the belief that the medication was not working. The prevalence of adherence barriers was not consistently associated with adolescent age, sex, time since diagnosis, or disease activity. Adolescents whose regimen involved more than 1 daily medication administration had more adherence barriers based on adolescent and maternal report than did those whose regimen involved 1 or less than 1 daily medication administration. Finally, adherence barriers were significantly higher among families reporting imperfect adherence as compared to those reporting perfect adherence. Conclusions: Barriers to medication adherence do exist among adolescents with IBD and may have negative implications for medication adherence. Systematic assessment of barriers during routine medical appointments may help to identify and modify these barriers and ultimately improve adherence. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2010 [source]