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Active Treatment Groups (active + treatment_groups)
Selected AbstractsA double-blind study of the efficacy of venlafaxine extended-release, paroxetine, and placebo in the treatment of panic disorderDEPRESSION AND ANXIETY, Issue 1 2007Mark H. Pollack M.D. Abstract To date, no large-scale, controlled trial comparing a serotonin,norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor with placebo for the treatment of panic disorder has been reported. This double-blind study compares the efficacy of venlafaxine extended-release (ER) and paroxetine with placebo. A total of 664 nondepressed adult outpatients who met DSM-IV criteria for panic disorder (with or without agoraphobia) were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of treatment with placebo or fixed-dose venlafaxine ER (75,mg/day or 150,mg/day), or paroxetine 40,mg/day. The primary measure was the percentage of patients free from full-symptom panic attacks, assessed with the Panic and Anticipatory Anxiety Scale (PAAS). Secondary measures included the Panic Disorder Severity Scale, Clinical Global Impressions,Severity (CGI-S) and ,Improvement (CGI-I) scales; response (CGI-I rating of very much improved or much improved), remission (CGI-S rating of not at all ill or borderline ill and no PAAS full-symptom panic attacks); and measures of depression, anxiety, phobic fear and avoidance, anticipatory anxiety, functioning, and quality of life. Intent-to-treat, last observation carried forward analysis showed that mean improvement on most measures was greater with venlafaxine ER or paroxetine than with placebo. No significant differences were observed between active treatment groups. Panic-free rates at end point with active treatment ranged from 54% to 61%, compared with 35% for placebo. Approximately 75% of patients given active treatment were responders, and nearly 45% achieved remission. The placebo response rate was slightly above 55%, with remission near 25%. Adverse events were mild or moderate and similar between active treatment groups. Venlafaxine ER and paroxetine were effective and well tolerated in the treatment of panic disorder. Depression and Anxiety 24:1,14, 2007. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Feasibility and acceptability of CD-ROM-based cognitive-behavioural treatment for binge-eating disorderEUROPEAN EATING DISORDERS REVIEW, Issue 3 2007Jennifer R. Shapiro Abstract We compared preliminary feasibility and acceptability of CD-ROM-delivered CBT for overweight individuals with binge-eating disorder (BED) to 10 weekly group CBT sessions (Group) and to a waiting list control (WL). Attrition was numerically greater in the Group than the CD-ROM condition; although only Group differed significantly from WL in dropout rates. Those in the CD-ROM condition reported continued use of their CD-ROM after treatment. Also, the majority of WL participants elected to receive CD-ROM over Group treatment at the end of the waiting period. Preliminarily, no significant differences emerged across the active treatment groups on most outcome measures. However, there was a significantly greater decline in binge days in the two active groups relative to WL. CD-ROM appears to be an acceptable and at least initially preferred method of CBT delivery for overweight individuals with BED. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association. [source] Ibandronate: A Comparison of Oral Daily Dosing Versus Intermittent Dosing in Postmenopausal OsteoporosisJOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, Issue 10 2001B. J. Riis Abstract The objective of this study was to compare efficacy and safety of continuous versus intermittent oral dosing of ibandronate. Two hundred forty women aged 55,75 years with postmenopausal osteoporosis were randomized to active treatment or placebo. Similar total doses of ibandronate were provided by treatment regimens with either continuous 2.5 mg of ibandronate daily (n = 81) or intermittent 20 mg of ibandronate every other day for the first 24 days, followed by 9 weeks without active drug (n = 78). The placebo group (total, n = 81) was crossed over after 12 months to receive either continuous (n = 37) or intermittent ibandronate (n = 35). By 24 months, bone mineral density (BMD) had increased significantly relative to baseline in both active treatment groups. The continuous and intermittent groups showed statistically equivalent increases in lumbar spine BMD of +5.64% (±0.53) and +5.54% (±0.53) and in total hip of +3.35% (±0.40) and +3.41% (±0.40), respectively (per protocol population). Biochemical markers of bone turnover decreased significantly in both treatment groups. The level of marker suppression was similar, although the intermittent group displayed, as expected, more fluctuation over the treatment period. The frequency of adverse events was similar in the treatment groups. In conclusion, the intermittent and continuous regimens showed equivalent changes in BMD and bone turnover. These results confirm previous preclinical findings indicating that the efficacy of ibandronate depends on the total oral dose given rather than on the dosing schedule. This supports development of new flexible dosing regimens targeted to minimize the frequency of dosing, which are expected to improve convenience and lead to enhanced long-term patient compliance. [source] The effect of therapeutic glucocorticoids on the adrenal response in a randomized controlled trial in patients with rheumatoid arthritis,ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM, Issue 5 2006John R. Kirwan Objective To measure the effect of low-dose systemic glucocorticoid treatment on the adrenal response to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods Patients with RA who took part in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of budesonide (3 mg/day and 9 mg/day) and prednisolone (7.5 mg/day) underwent a short (60-minute) test with injection of ACTH (tetracosactide hexaacetate) at baseline and the day after completing the 3-month treatment program. Plasma cortisol measurements at baseline and 3 months were compared within and between the treatment groups. Individual patients were classified as normal responders to ACTH or as abnormal responders if changes were >2 SD below the pretreatment value in the entire group of study patients. Results Short tests with ACTH injection were performed on 139 patients before beginning the study medication and on 134 patients after cessation of the medication. There were no changes in the placebo group. Mean plasma cortisol levels following treatment were reduced in all active treatment groups. In addition, mean values were significantly reduced for the 30-minute and 60-minute responses to ACTH. The maximum reduction (35%) occurred in the prednisolone group at 60 minutes. Following treatment, 34% of patients taking budesonide 9 mg and 46% of those taking prednisolone 7.5 mg failed to reach the normal maximum cortisol response to ACTH. Four patients failed to achieve the normal percentage increase in cortisol levels, but only 1 patient failed to meet both criteria. Conclusion Low doses of a glucocorticoid resulted in depression of baseline and ACTH-stimulated cortisol levels after 12 weeks of therapy. Although the responsiveness of the hypothalamic,pituitary,adrenal axis in individual patients generally remained within the normal range, these changes should be investigated further. [source] | ||||||||||