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Control Rabbits (control + rabbits)
Selected AbstractsIntracerebroventricular Injections of Prolactin Counteract the Antagonistic Effect of Bromocriptine on Rabbit Maternal BehaviourJOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY, Issue 12 2004G. González-Mariscal Abstract To investigate the participation of prolactin in nest-building and maternal behaviour in rabbits, we administered (from pregnancy day 26 to parturition) rabbit prolactin (rbPRL; or vehicle) intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) to primiparous animals injected with bromocriptine subcutaneously (s.c.). Control females (given vehicle s.c. and i.c.v.) built a maternal nest (of straw and body hair) in 77% of cases. This proportion decreased to 19% in the bromocriptine-only group (P < 0.05) and increased to 93% in the group given bromocriptine plus rbPRL (P > 0.05). Maternal behaviour (i.e. the adoption of a crouching posture over the litter inside the nest box) was expressed by 77% of control rabbits, 19% of bromocriptine-only animals (P < 0.05) and 57% of females given bromocriptine plus rbPRL (P > 0.05). Values of nonmaternal activities (i.e. scent-marking, ambulation in an open field) were similar among the three studied groups. These results suggest that prolactin, acting in late pregnancy, plays a major role in the stimulation of nest-building and maternal behaviour in rabbits. [source] Prophylaxis of infection and effects on osseointegration using a tobramycin-periapatite coating on titanium implants,An experimental study in the rabbitJOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH, Issue 6 2009Dirk Jan F. Moojen Abstract No options are available for local antibiotic delivery from uncemented implants. By loading a porous titanium implant with a biomimetic HA-coating (PeriApatite, PA) with antibiotics, we could obtain adequate local antibiotic concentrations and reduce infection susceptibility. This study investigated the efficacy of a tobramycin-loaded PA-coated titanium foam implant in preventing infection, as well as the effects on osseointegration. In 72 New Zealand White rabbits, an uncoated (Ti), PA-coated (PA), or Tobramycin-PA-coated (PA-tobra) titanium foam rod was implanted intramedullary in the left tibiae after contamination of the implant bed with none (control), 103, 104 or 105 CFU Staphylococcus aureus. PA-tobra implants were loaded with 2.4 mg tobramycin. After 28 days analysis was done by bacteriology, histopathology and histomorphometry. Six percent of the contaminated PA-tobra rabbits were infected, whereas this was 53 and 67% for PA and Ti, respectively (p,<,0.001). Quantitative cultures were also significantly lower in the PA-tobra group (p,=,0.003). None of the control rabbits were infected. Histopathological and histomorphometrical scores were both better for the PA-tobra group, although only significant compared to Ti. No significant differences were observed between PA and Ti rabbits. We conclude that the application of tobramycin to PA-coated titanium foam implants appears to be an effective local antibiotic strategy for uncemented implants for infection prophylaxis and has a beneficial effect on implant fixation, which will result in improved long-term implant survival. © 2008 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27: 710,716, 2009 [source] Effects of hyperglycaemia on ocular development in rabbit: refraction and biometric changesOPHTHALMIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS, Issue 2 2005Peter Herse Abstract Aim:, To determine the effect of acute and chronic hyperglycaemia on the refraction and development of the rabbit eye. Methods:, Ocular dimensions of five alloxan-induced hyperglycaemic and six control rabbits were measured over 9 weeks using A scan biometry. Refraction was measured using retinoscopy. The animals were 10 weeks of age at the start of the experiment. Results:, The acute onset of hyperglycaemia was associated with a fast and stable 2 D hyperopic shift in refraction. Lens thickness increased during the first 2 weeks of hyperglycaemia, returned to near normal thickness after 3,5 weeks of hyperglycaemia and then decreased in thickness in the last 4 weeks of the study. The hyperopic refraction remained unchanged during changes in lens thickness. Nine weeks of hyperglycaemia was associated with a 25% reduction in the growth of both the globe and the lens and a 17% decrease in body mass compared with the controls. Conclusion:, The hyperopic refraction change of acute hyperglycaemia is likely to be because of a change in the refractive index of the cortical fibres of the lens and is the probable source of the fluctuating refraction seen in diabetic patients. Chronic hyperglycaemia reduced the axial development of the eye and is the probable source of the chronic hyperopic refraction seen in children with Type I diabetes. [source] Pharmacokinetic changes of diltiazem and desacetyldiltiazem after oral administration of diltiazem in rabbits with diabetes mellitus induced by alloxanBIOPHARMACEUTICS AND DRUG DISPOSITION, Issue 3 2002Jun S. Choi Abstract Physiological changes occurring in diabetes mellitus patients could alter the pharmacokinetics of drugs used to treat hypertension resulting from diabetic complications. Hence, the pharmacokinetics of diltiazem (DTZ) and its metabolite, desacetyldiltiazem (DAD), were investigated after oral administration of DTZ. DTZ, 20 mg/kg, was orally administered to control rabbits and rabbits with fifth day (experiment was performed at fifth day after first and second days intravenous administration of alloxan) and 13th day (experiment was performed at 13th day after first, second, sixth, and 10th days intravenous administration of alloxan) diabetes mellitus induced by alloxan. Impaired kidney and liver functions were observed in both diabetic groups based on plasma chemistry data and/or tissue microscopy. After oral administration of DTZ, the area under the plasma concentration,time curve from time zero to time infinity were 767, 1280 and 1550 ng h/ml for control rabbits and fifth and 13th days diabetes mellitus rabbits, respectively. The values in diabetes mellitus rabbits were significantly different as compared to control rabbits. The terminal half-lives of DTZ were significantly longer in fifth (13.4 h) and 13th (13.0 h) days diabetes mellitus rabbits than that in control rabbits (8.76 h). The renal clearances of DTZ in fifth (0.316 l/h/kg) and 13th (0.264 l/h/kg) days diabetes mellitus rabbits were significantly slower than that in control rabbits (0.505 l/h/kg), and this could be due to impaired kidney function in the diabetes mellitus rabbits. However, other pharmacokinetic parameters of DAD were not significantly different among three groups of rabbits. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] | ||||||||||