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Contemporary Technologies (contemporary + technology)
Selected AbstractsPushing the boundaries of technology to educate and train the next generation of crystallographersJOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY, Issue 5-2 2010Katherine Kantardjieff This article describes the evolution of educational technologies, moving from the Web 1.0 to the current Web 3.0 decade, with the aim of stimulating discussion and inspiring innovative and effective crystallography education in the Web 3.0 decade. In the last 15 years, academic crystallography has largely migrated from a research specialty to a technique employed by a broad user community. This has led to the growth of and dependence on independently funded workshops and summer schools, as well as other non-traditional curricular resources for crystallography instruction, such as web pages and online courses, which allow crystallography to be self-taught. In fact, informal courses and e-learning constitute 70,80% of all learning today, and students expect on-demand learning. Implementing modern web technologies with sound pedagogy requires skilful integration of relevant, often disparate, resources into useful and usable frameworks, enabling learners to interact, explore new situations, and use scientific reasoning skills such as hypothesis testing and model-based reasoning. The evident disproportion in implementing contemporary technologies into our global crystallography education resources requires that we shift our focus from simply imparting subject knowledge by posting largely text-based content to empowering students with the fundamental processes and skills needed for on-demand learning and practice in crystallography. [source] Human Enteric Viruses as Causes of Foodborne DiseaseCOMPREHENSIVE REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND FOOD SAFETY, Issue 2 2002A. I. Sair ABSTRACT Recent epidemiological evidence indicates that enteric viruses are the leading cause of foodborne disease in the U.S.A. and, indeed, worldwide. Certainly, advances in epidemiology and molecular biology have improved the ability to study this previously elusive group of foodborne pathogens. The purpose of this article is to review the agents, transmission routes, epidemiology, persistence, diagnosis, and detection of foodborne viruses and their diseases, with specific reference to the role that contemporary technologies have had in improving our understanding of this important group of emerging foodborne pathogens. [source] Co-acquisition of hyperpolarised 13C and 15N NMR spectraMAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY, Issue 12 2007Iain J. Day Abstract Recent developments in dynamic nuclear polarisation now allow significant enhancements to be generated in the cryo solid state and transferred to the liquid state for detection at high resolution. We demonstrate that the Ardenkjaer,Larsen method can be extended by taking advantage of the properties of the trityl radicals used. It is possible to hyperpolarise 13C and 15N simultaneously in the solid state, and to maintain these hyperpolarisations through rapid dissolution into the liquid state. We demonstrate the almost simultaneous measurement of hyperpolarised 13C and hyperpolarised 15N NMR spectra. The prospects for further improvement of the method using contemporary technology are also discussed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Continuous Beer Fermentation Using Immobilized Yeast Cell Bioreactor SystemsBIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRESS, Issue 3 2005Brányik Traditional beer fermentation and maturation processes use open fermentation and lager tanks. Although these vessels had previously been considered indispensable, during the past decades they were in many breweries replaced by large production units (cylindroconical tanks). These have proved to be successful, both providing operating advantages and ensuring the quality of the final beer. Another promising contemporary technology, namely, continuous beer fermentation using immobilized brewing yeast, by contrast, has found only a limited number of industrial applications. Continuous fermentation systems based on immobilized cell technology, albeit initially successful, were condemned to failure for several reasons. These include engineering problems (excess biomass and problems with CO2 removal, optimization of operating conditions, clogging and channeling of the reactor), unbalanced beer flavor (altered cell physiology, cell aging), and unrealized cost advantages (carrier price, complex and unstable operation). However, recent development in reactor design and understanding of immobilized cell physiology, together with application of novel carrier materials, could provide a new stimulus to both research and application of this promising technology. [source] | ||||||||||