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Selected AbstractsI think I like you: Spontaneous and deliberate evaluations of potential romantic partners in an online dating contextEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 6 2010Rajees Sritharan The present research examined processes of impression formation within an online dating context. Across two studies, female participants formed impressions of a potential partner based on an online dating profile containing information about the target's facial attractiveness and self-described ambition. Afterwards, deliberate evaluations of the target were assessed with a self-report measure and spontaneous evaluations were measured with an affective priming task. The results showed that deliberate evaluations varied as a function of both self-described ambition and facial attractiveness. In contrast, spontaneous evaluations varied only as a function of facial attractiveness. Experiment 2 further showed that these effects were independent of the order in which the two types of information had been encoded. The results are discussed in terms of associative and propositional processes, and the conditions under which these processes can lead to conflicting evaluations of the same potential romantic partner. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Keeping nurses at work: a duration analysisHEALTH ECONOMICS, Issue 6 2002Tor Helge HolmåsArticle first published online: 9 AUG 200 Abstract A shortage of nurses is currently a problem in several countries, and an important question is therefore how one can increase the supply of nursing labour. In this paper, we focus on the issue of nurses leaving the public health sector by utilising a unique data set containing information on both the supply and demand side of the market. To describe the exit rate from the health sector we apply a semi-parametric hazard rate model. In the estimations, we correct for unobserved heterogeneity by both a parametric (Gamma) and a non-parametric approach. We find that both wages and working conditions have an impact on nurses' decision to quit. Furthermore, failing to correct for the fact that nurses' income partly consists of compensation for inconvenient working hours results in a considerable downward bias of the wage effect. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Does the Impact of Managed Care on Substance Abuse Treatment Services Vary by Provider Profit Status?HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH, Issue 6p1 2005Todd A. Olmstead Objective. To extend our previous research by determining whether, and how, the impact of managed care (MC) on substance abuse treatment (SAT) services differs by facility ownership. Data Sources. The 2000 National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services, which is designed to collect data on service offerings and other characteristics of SAT facilities in the U.S. These data are merged with data from the 2002 Area Resource File, a county-specific database containing information on population and MC activity. We use data on 10,513 facilities, virtually a census of all SAT facilities. Study Design. For each facility ownership type (for-profit [FP], not-for-profit [NFP], public), we estimate the impact of MC on the number and types of SAT services offered. We use instrumental variables techniques that account for possible endogeneity between facilities' involvement in MC and service offerings. Principal Findings. We find that the impact of MC on SAT service offerings differs in magnitude and direction by facility ownership. On average, MC causes FPs to offer approximately four additional services, causes publics to offer approximately four fewer services, and has no impact on the number of services offered by NFPs. The differential impact of MC on FPs and publics appears to be concentrated in therapy/counseling, medical testing, and transitional services. Conclusion. Our findings raise policy concerns that MC may reduce the quality of care provided by public SAT facilities by limiting the range of services offered. On the other hand, we find that FP clinics increase their range of services. One explanation is that MC results in standardization of service offerings across facilities of different ownership type. Further research is needed to better understand both the specific mechanisms of MC on SAT and the net impact on society. [source] The UMD-LDLR database: additions to the software and 490 new entries to the database,HUMAN MUTATION, Issue 2 2002Ludovic Villéger Abstract Mutations in the LDL receptor gene (LDLR) cause familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), one of the most frequent hereditary dominant disorders. The protein defect was identified in 1973, the gene was localized by in situ hybridization in 1985, and since, a growing number of mutations have been reported. The UMD-LDLR database is customized software that has been developed to list all mutations, and also to provide means to analyze them at the nucleotide and protein levels. The database has been recently modified to fulfill the recommendations of the Nomenclature Working Group for human gene mutations. However, in the current version, both the nomenclature and usual LDLR gene mutation names are reported since the latter are more commonly used. The software has also been modified to accommodate the splicing mutations and alleles that carry two nucleotide variations. The current version of UMD-LDLR contains 840 entries, of which 490 are new entries. Point mutations account for 90% of all mutations in the LDLR gene; the remaining are mostly major rearrangements, due to the presence of Alu sequences. Three new routines have been implemented in the software, thus giving users access to 13 sorting tools. In addition to the database, a Web site containing information about polymorphisms, major rearrangements, and promoter mutations is available. Both are accessible to the scientific community (www.umd.necker.fr) and should help groups working on LDLR to check their mutations and identify new ones, and greatly facilitate the understanding of functional classes/genotype relationships and of genotype/phenotype correlations. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Churches in Dutch: Causes of Religious Disaffiliation in The Netherlands, 1937,1995JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF RELIGION, Issue 4 2001Manfred Te Grotenhuis The Netherlands has become one of the most secular countries in the world. A vast majority of the Dutch people does not attend church regularly and more than half its population is not affiliated with any church at all. In this study we set out to test which individual and contextual characteristics affect religious disaffiliation. We deduced several hypotheses from theories on social integration and rationalization. To test these hypotheses we used retrospective data containing information on events that took place in the lives of our respondents since adolescence. These data were analysed using a discrete-time event history model. We found that the higher the level of rationalization in a certain year, the more likely people were to disaffiliate. This effect was particularly strong for young people. Moreover, by introducing rationalization in the model we found a number of spurious relationships that at first glance seemed to be causal. Not surprisingly, respondents were more likely to disaffiliate in cases where their partners were nonreligious. However, as respondents and their partners presumably are effected equally by rationalization, we cannot but conclude that the process of rationalization is mainly responsible for the process of religious disaffiliation that takes place in The Netherlands. [source] Microarray data classification using inductive logic programming and gene ontology background informationJOURNAL OF CHEMOMETRICS, Issue 5 2010Einar Ryeng Abstract There exists many databases containing information on genes that are useful for background information in machine learning analysis of microarray data. The gene ontology and gene ontology annotation projects are among the most comprehensive of these. We demonstrate how inductive logic programming (ILP) can be used to build classification rules for microarray data which naturally incorporates the gene ontology and annotations to it as background knowledge without removing the inherent graph structure of the ontology. The ILP rules generated are parsimonious and easy to interpret. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Reasoning across ontologically distinct levels: Students' understandings of molecular geneticsJOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN SCIENCE TEACHING, Issue 7 2007Ravit Golan Duncan Abstract In this article we apply a novel analytical framework to explore students' difficulties in understanding molecular genetics,a domain that is particularly challenging to learn. Our analytical framework posits that reasoning in molecular genetics entails mapping across ontologically distinct levels,an information level containing the genetic information, and a physical level containing hierarchically organized biophysical entities such as proteins, cells, tissues, etc. This mapping requires an understanding of what the genetic information specifies, and how the physical entities in the system mediate the effects of this information. We therefore examined, through interview and written assessments, 10th grade students' understandings of molecular genetics phenomena to uncover the conceptual obstacles involved in reasoning across these ontologically distinct levels. We found that students' described the genetic instructions as containing information about both the structure and function of biological entities across multiple organization levels; a view that is far less constrained than the scientific understandings of the genetic information. In addition, students were often unaware of the different functions of proteins, their relationship to genes, and the role proteins have in mediating the effects of the genetic information. Students' ideas about genes and proteins hindered their ability to reason across the ontologically distinct levels of genetic phenomena, and to provide causal mechanistic explanations of how the genetic information brings about effects of a physical nature. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 44: 938,959, 2007 [source] Testing for Offsetting Behavior and Adverse Recruitment Among Drivers of Airbag-Equipped VehiclesJOURNAL OF RISK AND INSURANCE, Issue 4 2003David W. Harless Earlier studies reported that an insurance industry index of personal-injury claims rose after automobiles adopted driver's side airbags and that drivers of airbag-equipped vehicles were more likely to be at fault in fatal multivehicle accidents. These findings can be explained by the offsetting behavior hypothesis or by at-risk drivers systematically selecting vehicles with airbags (i.e., adverse recruitment). We test for offsetting behavior and adverse recruitment after airbag adoption using a database containing information on fatal accidents including information on drivers' previous records and drivers' actions that contributed to the occurrence of the accident. Further, we reexamine the personal injury claims index data for newly airbag-equipped vehicles and show that the rise in the index after airbag adoption may be attributable to moral hazard and a new vehicle ownership pattern. Rental car drivers are much more likely to commit grievous acts than other drivers, and the proportion of new automobiles in daily rental service more than doubled during the period of airbag adoption. [source] Methods and mortality results of a health survey of purebred dogs in the UKJOURNAL OF SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE, Issue 10 2010V. J. Adams Objectives: To collect information on the cause of death and longevity of dogs owned by members of the numerically largest breed clubs of 169 UK Kennel Club-recognised breeds. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out. Approximately 58,363 questionnaires were sent out to breed club members in 2004 (nine clubs failed to report the exact number of questionnaires sent out). Owners reported age at death and cause(s) of death for all dogs that had died within the previous 10 years. Results: A total of 13,741 questionnaires (24% response rate) containing information on 15,881 deaths were included in the analysis. Breed-specific response rates ranged from 64·7 to 4·5%. The median age at death was 11 years and 3 months (minimum=2 months, maximum=23 years and 5 months) and it varied by breed. The most common causes of death were cancer (n=4282, 27%), "old age" (n=2830, 18%) and cardiac conditions (n=1770, 11%). Clinical Significance: This survey shows breed differences in lifespan and causes of death, and the results support previous evidence that smaller breeds tend to have longer lifespan compared with larger breeds. Although many of the breeds in the study may not be representative of the general pedigree dog population in the UK, the results do contribute to the limited information currently available. [source] Accidents, often the result of an ,uncontrolled business process',a study in the (Dutch) chemical industryQUALITY AND RELIABILITY ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL, Issue 3 2003P. J. M. Sonnemans Abstract Often companies in the (petro-) chemical industry claim that all possible countermeasures against potential accidents have been taken and therefore accidents are unforeseeable. In this paper we question this statement by analysing the pre-warning signals (precursors) preceding a number of industrial accidents. 17 accidents that occurred in the (petro-) chemical industry have been investigated by exploring FACTS, an accident database containing information about industrial accidents worldwide. This paper will demonstrate that the existence of precursor information could have been used to foresee and even prevent these accidents if a proper control action had been initiated. The accidents are analysed further, according to a control model, which was adapted from that of C. Argyris. It demonstrates the ineffectiveness of several elements of business process control loops and that the so-called ,double-loop learning' cycle is more important than the ,single-loop learning' cycle if one considers safety improvement. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Fund Manager Use of Public Information: New Evidence on Managerial SkillsTHE JOURNAL OF FINANCE, Issue 2 2007MARCIN KACPERCZYK ABSTRACT We show theoretically that the responsiveness of a fund manager's portfolio allocations to changes in public information decreases in the manager's skill. We go on to estimate this sensitivity (RPI) as the R2 of the regression of changes in a manager's portfolio holdings on changes in public information using a panel of U.S. equity funds. Consistent with RPI containing information related to managerial skills, we find a strong inverse relationship between RPI and various existing measures of performance, and between RPI and fund flows. We also document that both fund- and manager-specific attributes affect RPI. [source] | |||||||||||||