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Consistent Data (consistent + data)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Chemistry	33%
Business, Economics, Finance and Accounting	33%

Selected Abstracts

Tectonic evolution of the Himalaya constrained by detrital 40Ar,39Ar, Sm,Nd and petrographic data from the Siwalik foreland basin succession, SW Nepal

BASIN RESEARCH, Issue 4 2006
A. G. Szulc
ABSTRACT 40Ar,39Ar dating of detrital white micas, petrography and heavy mineral analysis and whole-rock geochemistry has been applied to three time-equivalent sections through the Siwalik Group molasse in SW Nepal [Tinau Khola section (12,6 Ma), Surai Khola section (12,1 Ma) and Karnali section (16,5 Ma)]. 40Ar,39Ar ages from 1415 single detrital white micas show a peak of ages between 20 and 15 Ma for all the three sections, corresponding to the period of most extensive exhumation of the Greater Himalaya. Lag times of less than 5 Myr persist until 10 Ma, indicating Greater Himalayan exhumation rates of up to 2.6 mm year,1, using one-dimensional thermal modelling. There are few micas younger than 12 Ma, no lag times of less than 6 Myr after 10 Ma and whole-rock geochemistry and petrography show a significant provenance change at 12 Ma indicating erosion from the Lesser Himalaya at this time. These changes suggest a switch in the dynamics of the orogen that took place during the 12,10 Ma period whereby most strain began to be accommodated by structures within the Lesser Himalaya as opposed to the Greater Himalaya. Consistent data from all three Siwalik sections suggest a lateral continuity in tectonic evolution for the central Himalayas. [source]

Congenital malaria in neonates: two case reports and review of the literature

ACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 4 2008
Gaelle Vottier
Abstract, Congenital malaria is uncommon in nonendemic countries. We describe two cases involving neonates hospitalized with fever, anaemia and thrombocytopaenia. Thick and thin blood smears were positive for Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax) and P. ovale, respectively. These two cases were discussed regarding the literature and potential implications of HIV coinfection in the mother. Conclusion: Consistent data in the literature suggest that peripheral blood films should be performed in HIV-positive women who travelled to an endemic area or with a history of malaria prior to gestation. With today's travelling patterns, congenital malaria should be considered as an important differential diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. [source]

The Hammett equation applied to the nucleophilic displacement of ions and ion pairs on substituted benzenesulphonates

JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 5 2001
Sergio Alunni
Abstract Nucleophilic substitution on meta - and para -substituted methyl benzenesulphonates was studied with two chloride salts with different structures: NBu4Cl or KCl-Kryptofix 2,2,2. Treating the results with the Acree equation shows that the reaction proceeds by two reaction paths, one involving the chloride ion and the other, slower one, involving the ion pairs. Treating the results with the Hammett equation gives consistent data, and shows that , is positive and nearly the same for the two reaction paths (,,,,+2). The reactivity of methyl p -nitrobenzenesulphonate was compared with that of the corresponding ethyl derivative, and it is shown that the methyl derivative reacts faster than the ethyl derivative in both paths. The results are interpreted based on the assumption that in both paths a negative charge is developed on the leaving group in the transition state, and that the activated complex is linear. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. [source]

Comparisons in Gender Wage Differentials and Discrimination between Germany and the United Kingdom

LABOUR, Issue 3 2001
Mick Brookes
Due to the lack of consistent data, direct and robust comparisons of cross-country labour markets have been virtually impossible. This study uses a new panel data series that controls for inconsistencies, thus overcoming this problem. This study estimates gender wage differentials and gender discrimination in the German and UK labour markets. Panel estimates are used to identify general wage differences between the two countries, with cross-sectional comparisons undertaken to identify changes that have occurred between 1991 and 1993, that are consistent with known labour market policies. It is found that gender wage differentials are greater in the UK than Germany with employer discrimination against females attributed with the majority of the difference in both countries. [source]

Carbon isotope determination for separate components of heterogeneous materials using coupled thermogravimetric analysis/isotope ratio mass spectrometry

RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY, Issue 8 2008
David A. C. Manning
A gas-tight thermal analysis system (Netzsch STA 449C Jupiter) has been connected to an isotope ratio mass spectrometer (PDZ Europa 20-20) via an interface containing an oxidizing furnace, water trap, and gas-sampling valve. Using this system, ,13C has been measured for CO2 derived from the thermal decomposition of carbonate and oxalate minerals and organic materials at temperatures that correspond to different decomposition events. There is close agreement between measured and published ,13C values for carbonate and oxalate minerals, which have simple decarbonation reactions on heating. Cellulose and lignin-rich materials show much more complex thermal decomposition, reflecting differences in their purity and structure, and measured ,13C values vary with the temperature of gas sampling. Provided that measurements are made at temperatures that correspond to the decomposition of cellulose and lignin (indicated by maximum weight loss), internally consistent data can be obtained. However, measurements for cellulose and lignin are systematically enriched in ,13C (by up to 1.4,) with respect to those reported for reference materials, possibly due to the slower combustion kinetics (compared with EA-IRMS). Thermogravimetric analysis/isotope ratio mass spectrometry (TG-IRMS) is ideal for materials and samples for which it is not possible to use other isotopic measurement techniques, for example because of sample heterogeneity. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

How and Why Has Teacher Quality Changed in Australia?

THE AUSTRALIAN ECONOMIC REVIEW, Issue 2 2008
Andrew Leigh
International research suggests that differences in teacher performance can explain a large portion of student achievement. Yet little is known about how the quality of the Australian teaching profession has changed over time. Using consistent data on the academic aptitude of new teachers, we compare those who have entered the teaching profession in Australia over the past two decades. We find that the aptitude of new teachers has fallen considerably. Between 1983 and 2003, the average percentile rank of those entering teacher education fell from 74 to 61, while the average rank of new teachers fell from 70 to 62. We find that two factors account for much of the decline: a fall in average teacher pay (relative to other occupations) and a rise in pay differentials in non-teaching occupations. [source]