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Consistent Approach (consistent + approach)
Selected AbstractsHepatitis A and B immunization for individuals with inherited bleeding disordersHAEMOPHILIA, Issue 2 2009M. STEELE Summary., Hepatitis A and B vaccines are highly effective tools that can greatly reduce infection risk in the bleeding disorder population. Although hepatitis A and B immunization for individuals with bleeding disorders is universally recommended, various advisory bodies often differ with respect to many practical aspects of vaccination. To review the published literature and guidelines and form a practical, comprehensive and consistent approach to hepatitis A and B immunization for individuals with bleeding disorders. We reviewed published immunization guidelines from North American immunization advisory bodies and published statements from North American and international haemophilia advisory bodies. A search of the MEDLINE database was performed to find original published literature pertaining to hepatitis A or B immunization of patients with haemophilia or bleeding disorder patients that provided supporting or refuting evidence for advisory body guidelines. Various advisory bodies' immunization guidelines regarding individuals with bleeding disorders have contradictory statements and often did not clarify issues (e.g. post vaccination surveillance). Published literature addressing immunization in bleeding disorder patients is sparse and mostly examines route of vaccine administration, complications and corresponding antibody response. Although the risk of hepatitis A and B infection is low, the use of simple measures such as vaccination is reasonable and advocated by haemophilia advisory bodies. Following our review of the available literature and North American guidelines, we have developed comprehensive and practical recommendations addressing hepatitis A and B immunization for the bleeding disorder population that may be applicable in Bleeding Disorder clinics. [source] Three-parameter discontinuous distributions for hydrological samples with zero valuesHYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES, Issue 15 2005Stanislaw Weglarczyk Abstract A consistent approach to the frequency analysis of hydrologic data in arid and semiarid regions, i.e. the data series containing several zero values (e.g. monthly precipitation in dry seasons, annual peak flow discharges, etc.), requires using discontinuous probability distribution functions. Such an approach has received relatively limited attention. Along the lines of physically based models, the extensions of the Muskingum-based models to three parameter forms are considered. Using 44 peak flow series from the USGS data bank, the fitting ability of four three-parameter models was investigated: (1) the Dirac delta combined with Gamma distribution; (2) the Dirac delta combined with two-parameter generalized Pareto distribution; (3) the Dirac delta combined with two-parameter Weibull (DWe) distribution; (4) the kinematic diffusion with one additional parameter that controls the probability of the zero event (KD3). The goodness of fit of the models was assessed and compared both by evaluation of discrepancies between the results of both estimation methods (i.e. the method of moments (MOM) and the maximum likelihood method (MLM)) and using the log of likelihood function as a criterion. In most cases, the DWe distribution with MLM-estimated parameters showed the best fit of all the three-parameter models. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Zero tolerance of abuse of people with intellectual disabilities: implications for nursingJOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING, Issue 22 2008Robert Jenkins Aims., This paper explores the concept of ,zero tolerance' to abuse in the context of the professional responsibilities of all nurses. The workability of zero tolerance will be considered in light of findings of a study into abuse. Background., Registered nurses are led to believe that zero tolerance of abuse of patients is the only philosophy consistent with protecting the public. However, the approach of zero tolerance is not without its difficulties. Staff, particularly registered nurses, who come into contact with people with intellectual disabilities have a professional responsibility to prevent and report all forms of abuse. Design., This study used a multiphase, multimethod approach (literature review, survey and focus groups). Methods., The results reported here relate to the focus group stage of the study. There were 70 participants in the focus group who worked either as direct care staff with people with intellectual disabilities or as investigators of abuse. Results., Analysis of recurrent themes indicated that both individual (e.g. a positive value base) and systemic factors (e.g. environment) seemed to have an impact on how staff will respond to abuse. Conclusions., This study found that a ,hierarchy of abuse' existed among staff who worked with people with intellectual disabilities. Individual staff members seemed to be ,weighing up' what they perceived as serious abuse before reporting areas of concern. This is in contrast to a philosophy of zero tolerance which registered nurses have to adhere to. Relevance to clinical practice., There needs to be a consistent approach to abuse and nurses need to have appropriate training in which to gain confidence in their role in preventing, identifying and responding to abuse of patients or clients. [source] New nursing roles: the experience of Scotland's consultant nurse/midwivesJOURNAL OF NURSING MANAGEMENT, Issue 2 2006JOANNE BOOTH BSc Aim, To describe career pathways of consultant nurses/midwives and identify postholders views on key factors in role initiation, development and progression to inform future development and appointment of nurse/midwife consultants in National Health Service Scotland. Background, Nurse/midwife consultants represent the highest levels of clinical practice. Given the Scottish Executive Health Department's aim to treble numbers conditions and circumstances that enable them to flourish must be identified. Method, A postal survey was undertaken of all nurse/midwife consultants in post (n = 16). Results, Key themes emerged around factors that consultant nurse/midwives considered important including mentorship, autonomy and clinical credibility. Barriers to role delivery included lack of understanding of roles and the wide scope of some posts. Considerable variation in support, conditions of service and line management arrangements was found. Conclusions, Development of a recognized career pathway and a consistent approach to employment and support of postholders is recommended. [source] An exploration of the handover process of critically ill patients between nursing staff from the emergency department and the intensive care unitNURSING IN CRITICAL CARE, Issue 6 2007Brian McFetridge Abstract The transfer of information between nurses from emergency departments (EDs) and critical care units is essential to achieve a continuity of effective, individualized and safe patient care. There has been much written in the nursing literature pertaining to the function and process of patient handover in general nursing practice; however, no studies were found pertaining to this handover process between nurses in the ED environment and those in the critical care environment. The aim was to explore the process of patient handover between ED and intensive care unit (ICU) nurses when transferring a patient from ED to the ICU. This study used a multi-method design that combined documentation review, semistructured individual interviews and focus group interviews. A multi-method approach combining individual interviews, focus group interviews and documentation review was used in this study. The respondents were selected from the ED and ICU of two acute hospitals within Northern Ireland. A total of 12 respondents were selected for individual interviews, three nurses from ED and ICU, respectively, from each acute hospital. Two focus groups interviews were carried out, each consisting of four ED and four ICU nurses, respectively. Qualitative analysis of the data revealed that there was no structured and consistent approach to how handovers actually occurred. Nurses from both ED and ICU lacked clarity as to when the actual handover process began. Nurses from both settings recognized the importance of the information given and received during handover and deemed it to have an important role in influencing quality and continuity of care. Nurses from both departments would benefit from a structured framework or aide memoir to guide the handover process. Collaborative work between the nursing teams in both departments would further enhance understanding of each others' roles and expectations. [source] Pressure buildup in gas-liquid flow through packed beds due to deposition of fine particlesTHE CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, Issue 3 2002Murray R. Gray Abstract In order to understand the increase in pressure drop in hydrotreating reactors due to deposition of fine solids, experiments were conducted with a model suspension of kaolin clay in kerosene. The suspension was circulated through packed beds of catalyst pellets in the trickle-flow and pulse-flow regimes, and the increase in pressure drop measured as a function of particle concentration in the bed. The increase in pressure drop was linear with particle concentrations over the range 0,60 kg.m,3. A consistent approach to modeling the pressure drop behavior was to determine an effective porosity of the packed bed as a function of the concentration of fine particles, then use this porosity in the Ergun equation as a basis for calculating the two-phase pressure drop. Afin de comprendre l'augmentation de perte de charge causée par le dépôt de solides fins dans les réacteurs d'hydrotraitement, des expériences ont été menées avec une suspension modèle d'argile de kaolin dans du kérosène. On a fait circuler la suspension dans des lits garnis de pastilles de catalyseur en régime à écoulement ruisselant et à écoulement pulsé et on a mesuré l'augmentation de perte de charge en fonction de la concentration de particules dans le lit. L'augmentation de la perte de charge est linéaire pour des concentrations de particules se situant dans la gamme de 0,60 kg.m,3. Une façon cohérente de modéliser le comportement de la perte de charge consiste à déterminer une porosité effective du lit garni en fonction de la concentration de fines, puis d'utiliser cette porosité dans l'équation d'Ergun comme base pour calculer la perte de charge diphasique. [source] A consistent approach to hypertension in pregnancyAUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 3 2009David ELLWOOD Editor-in-Chief No abstract is available for this article. [source] Current Issues with Emergency Cardiac Ultrasound Probe and Image ConventionsACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Issue 3 2008Chris Moore MD Abstract As emergency physicians (EPs) and other noncardiologists incorporate bedside ultrasound (US) and bedside echocardiography (echo) into their practice, confusion has resulted from the differing imaging conventions used by cardiac and general imaging. The author discusses the origin of these differences, current cardiac imaging conventions, and controversies in emergency medicine (EM) regarding adoption of imaging conventions. Also discussed in detail are specific echo windows and experience with different approaches. While there is no perfect solution to merging the differing conventions, it is important that those performing and teaching bedside US and echo have a thorough understanding of the issues involved, and adopt a consistent approach. [source] Training teachers to safeguard children: developing a consistent approachCHILD ABUSE REVIEW, Issue 5 2005Mary Baginsky Abstract Earlier work on the preparation of student teachers to deal with child protection concerns had indicated that initial teacher training (ITT) providers were often struggling to determine what to include on the subject and who should provide the input, as well as coping with the difficulty of trying to fit it into an overfull curriculum. In an attempt to support this work, the National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (NSPCC) developed a course for this group of students. Although an evaluation indicated the need for the materials to be redrafted, the views of both those involved in the exercise and a subsequent survey of ITT providers not only contributed to the redraft but also to the debate around the most effective approach to training professionals to protect children and young people. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Non-mathematical problem solving in organic chemistryJOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN SCIENCE TEACHING, Issue 6 2010David P. Cartrette Abstract Differences in problem-solving ability among organic chemistry graduate students and faculty were studied within the domain of problems that involved the determination of the structure of a molecule from the molecular formula of the compound and a combination of IR and 1H NMR spectra. The participants' performance on these tasks was compared across variables that included amount of research experience, year of graduate study, and level of problem-solving confidence. Thirteen of the 15 participants could be classified as either "more successful" or "less successful." The participants in this study who were "more successful" adopted consistent approaches to solving the problems; were more likely to draw molecular fragments obtained during intermediate stages in the problem-solving process; were better at mining the spectral data; and were more likely to check their final answer against the spectra upon which the answer was based. Experience from research, teaching, and course work were found to be important factors influencing the level of participants' success. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 47:643,660, 2010 [source] | ||||||||||