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Considerable Similarities (considerable + similarity)
Selected AbstractsInter-relationships between rheumatoid arthritis and periodontal diseaseJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 9 2003A review Abstract This review considers the considerable similarities between periodontal disease and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). While the etiology of these two diseases may differ, the underlying pathogenic mechanisms are remarkably similar and it is possible that individuals manifesting both periodontitis and RA may suffer from a unifying underlying systemic dysregulation of the inflammatory response. In light of these findings, the implications for the use of disease-modifying medications in the management of these two chronic inflammatory conditions is apparent. Further longitudinal studies and medication-based intervention studies are required to determine just how closely these two conditions are allied. Zusammenfassung Diese Übersicht berücksichtigt die beträchtlichen Ähnlichkeiten zwischen einer Parodontalerkrankung und der rheumatoiden Arthritis. Während die Ätiologie dieser zwei Erkrankungen sich unterscheiden kann, sind die zugrundeliegenden Pathogenitätsmechanismen bemer-kenswert ähnlich. Und es ist möglich, dass Personen bei denen sich sowohl eine Parodontitis als auch eine rheumatoide Arthritis manifestiert hat, an einer verbindenden zugrundeliegenden systemischen Dysregulation der Entzündungsreaktion leiden könnten. Unter Berücksichtigung dieser Ergebnisse ist es offensichtlich, dass, bei der Beherrschung dieser zwei chronischen entzündlichen Zustände, die Verwendung von die Erkrankung modifizierenden Medikamenten, indiziert ist. Weitere Longitudinalstudien und Interventionsstudien mit Medikamenten sind notwendig, um zu bestimmen, wie nahe diese zwei Zustände verwandt sind. Résumé Cette revue considère les similarités considérables qui existent entre la maladie parodontale et l'arthrite rhumatoïde. Tandis que l'étiologie de ces deux maladies peut être différente, les mécanismes pathogéniques sous-jacents sont remarquablement semblables et il est possible que les individus avec arthrite rhumatoïde puissent souffrir d'une dérégularisation systémique sous-jacente unifiée de la réponse inflammatoire. A la lumière de ces découvertes, les implications de l'utilisation de médicaments modifiant la maladie dans le traitement de ces deux conditions inflammatoires chroniques est apparent. Davantage d'études longitudinales et d'études où il y a une intervention médicamenteuse sont requises pour déterminer le proportion de proximité de ces deux conditions. [source] Nurse staffing levels revisited: a consideration of key issues in nurse staffing levels and skill mix researchJOURNAL OF NURSING MANAGEMENT, Issue 6 2009BSc (Hons), MARIA FLYNN RGN Aim, This paper revisits the published evidence relating to how nurse staffing levels impact on patient, nurse and service outcomes and considers the implications of this body of research for nurse managers in their quest to determine optimum nursing numbers. Background, Within the context of the recognized global nursing shortage and particular local pressures within international health services, questions of appropriate nurse staffing levels and skill mix are once again becoming increasingly important. It would seem that the determination of optimum nurse staffing levels and skill mix is a central issue in relation to health service governance, service user involvement, as well as in the recruitment, retention and well-being of nursing staff across the service sectors. Methods, A review of published evidence was carried out, applying key principles of the systematic method, in order to facilitate the identification of current factors and issues in nurse staffing levels research. The review did not seek to address a specific research question. The search covered 10 years from 1998 to 2008 and identified more than 500 relevant papers, giving a wide international perspective. Key issues, The majority of research in the field relates to the acute service sector and there are considerable similarities in issues that transcend international boundaries. Much of the research focuses on the impact on patients and nurses of ,poor' nurse staffing levels. More recent studies have explored the impact of nurse staffing levels on the service organization itself. However, while there may be an association between models of nurse staffing and outcomes, there is insufficient evidence to establish a causal relationship between these factors. In this context it is perhaps time to reconsider how nursing outcomes are defined and measured. Implications for nursing management and conclusion, Nurse managers, commissioners of services and workforce planners need to be cognisant of key issues and analyses in the consideration of nurse staffing levels. Not least of these is the need for a healthy degree of caution regarding the supposed objectivity, scientific basis, or evidence base, for rational calculation of optimum nurse staffing levels. [source] Acceptance and Commitment Therapy: New Wave or Morita Therapy?CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY: SCIENCE AND PRACTICE, Issue 4 2008Stefan G. Hofmann Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is an approach to treatment that includes potentially useful strategies. Some proponents of ACT view it as part of a third wave movement destined to replace cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) as the dominant form of psychological therapy. This perception is problematic, because the criticism offered by ACT against CBT is based on a misrepresentation of the empirical evidence. Moreover, the strategies of ACT are not specific to the theory and philosophy underlying ACT. There are considerable similarities between ACT and Eastern holistic approaches, such as Morita therapy, which was developed 80 years ago. Future research on the mechanism of treatment change directly comparing CBT and ACT will help solve many of the current controversies. The term third wave in connection with ACT should be avoided. [source] Bringing Everyday Mind Reading Into Everyday Life: Assessing Empathic Accuracy With Daily Diary DataJOURNAL OF PERSONALITY, Issue 5 2010Maryhope Howland ABSTRACT Individual differences in empathic accuracy (EA) can be assessed using daily diary methods as a complement to more commonly used lab-based behavioral observations. Using electronic dyadic diaries, we distinguished among elements of EA (i.e., accuracy in levels, scatter, and pattern, regarding both positive and negative moods) and examined them as phenomena at both the day and the person level. In a 3-week diary study of cohabiting partners, we found support for differentiating these elements. The proposed indices reflect differing aspects of accuracy, with considerable similarity among same-valenced accuracy indices. Overall there was greater accuracy regarding negative target moods than positive target moods. These methods and findings take the phenomenon of "everyday mindreading" (Ickes, 2003) into everyday life. We conclude by discussing empathic accuracies as a family of capacities for, or tendencies toward, accurate interpersonal sensitivity. Members of this family may have distinct associations with the perceiver's, target's, and relationship's well-being. [source] Family Relationships and Adolescent Psychosocial Outcomes: Converging Findings From Eastern and Western CulturesJOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE, Issue 4 2004Julia Dmitrieva This study investigated the role of parent,adolescent relationships in mediating the association between family-related negative life events and adolescent depressive symptoms and problem behaviors among 1,696 eleventh graders from the United States (n=201), China (n=502), Korea (n=497), and Czech Republic (n=496). Results indicated that perceived parental involvement and parent,adolescent conflict mediated the link between family-related life events and adolescent depressed mood. The path from family-related life events to adolescent problem behaviors was mediated by perceived parental involvement, parent,adolescent conflict, and perceived parental sanctions of adolescent misconduct. With the exception of minor cross-cultural differences in the magnitude of associations among variables, this study revealed considerable similarity in the association of family factors with adolescent internalizing and externalizing symptomatology. The findings contribute to the growing literature on culture-general developmental processes. [source] 2431: The eyelid margin: an underestimated contributor to ocular surface health and diseaseACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2010E KNOP Purpose The eyelid margin is frequently underestimated in the consideration of factors in ocular surface health and disease. Clinically the whole free end of the lid margin is often addressed simply as "margin" without further differentiation. It is attempted to review the structure, embryology and function of the lid margin as well as its involvement in ocular surface pathology. Methods A review based on the available literature on the lid margin is prepared together with own findings on the histology of normal and pathological tissues. Results The human lid margin is divided into distinct zones that consist, coming from the skin side, of a rounded outer lid border, a free lid margin (between the eye lashes and the opening of the meibomian glands), the muco-cutaneous junction and a sharp inner lid border. The embryological development of the eye lids and their tissue components (loose connective tissue, lid muscles, ciliary hairs, Meibomian glands and vascular and neural components) takes place during the period of sealed lids. During this time the development of the Meibomian glands shows considerable similarity to that of the ciliary hairs. The sealing of the mesodermal lid folds and their eventual separation is dependent on several factors that may be involved in pathology. Various disease states, as well as the aging process, can lead to destruction of the lid margin and, conversely, this can lead to deterioration of the cornea and conjunctiva. Conclusion The eyelid margin is an underestimated contributor to ocular surface health and disease. Increased awareness of the anatomy, embryology, physiology and pathophysiology of the lid margin and it tissue components appears important for the preservation of ocular surface integrity. Support DFG KN317/11 [source] | |||||||||||||