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Conceptual Map (conceptual + map)
Selected AbstractsMapping the Conservation LandscapeCONSERVATION BIOLOGY, Issue 1 2003Kent H. Redford To begin this process and to help build understanding and collaboration, we provide a conceptual map of 21 approaches currently being implemented by 13 conservation organizations. We examined each of these approaches according to (1) the nature of the conservation target,the object(s) of the conservation action; ( 2 ) whether the question addressed is where conservation should be done or how conservation should be done; ( 3 ) the scale ( both grain and extent ) of the approach; and (4 ) the principles that underlie the approach. These questions provide a good way of distinguishing between most of the approaches and reveal that there is less competition between them than is assumed. We conclude that only with explicit understanding can the conservation community and its supporters critically compare approaches and come to a consensus about a set of metrics for measuring and achieving global conservation. Resumen: Para que una colaboración bien fundamentada pueda llevarse a cabo, debe haber un proceso de entendimiento de los distintos enfoques utilizadas por diferentes organizaciones de conservación para preservar la biodiversidad. Para iniciar este proceso y ayudar a fomentar el conocimiento y la colaboración, proveemos un mapa conceptual de 21 enfoques utilizados actualmente por 13 organizaciones conservacionistas. Examinamos cada uno de estos enfoques según (1) la naturaleza del objetivo de conservación,el ( los ) objetos( s ) de las actividades de conservación; ( 2 ) la naturaleza de la pregunta a contestar, ya sea "dónde se debe llevar a cabo la conservación" o "cómo se debe llevar a cabo la conservación"; ( 3 ) la escala ( tanto a nivel de detalle como extensión ) del enfoque; (4 ) los principios que constituyen el fundamento del enfoque. Estas preguntas proveen una buena manera de diferenciar la mayoría de las metodologías y muestran que hay menos competencia entre los enfoques de lo que se cree. Concluimos que la comunidad conservacionista y sus seguidores solo podrán comparar los diversos enfoques de manera criteriosa si tienen un entendimiento explícito de los mismos, y de esa manera, podrá desarrollar, por consenso, una serie de variables para medir y lograr la conservación a nivel global. [source] PERSPECTIVE: GENETIC ASSIMILATION AND A POSSIBLE EVOLUTIONARY PARADOX: CAN MACROEVOLUTION SOMETIMES BE SO FAST AS TO PASS US BY?EVOLUTION, Issue 7 2003Massimo Pigliucci Abstract., The idea of genetic assimilation, that environmentally induced phenotypes may become genetically fixed and no longer require the original environmental stimulus, has had varied success through time in evolutionary biology research. Proposed by Waddington in the 1940s, it became an area of active empirical research mostly thanks to the efforts of its inventor and his collaborators. It was then attacked as of minor importance during the "hardening" of the neo-Darwinian synthesis and was relegated to a secondary role for decades. Recently, several papers have appeared, mostly independently of each other, to explore the likelihood of genetic assimilation as a biological phenomenon and its potential importance to our understanding of evolution. In this article we briefly trace the history of the concept and then discuss theoretical models that have newly employed genetic assimilation in a variety of contexts. We propose a typical scenario of evolution of genetic assimilation via an intermediate stage of phenotypic plasticity and present potential examples of the same. We also discuss a conceptual map of current and future lines of research aimed at exploring the actual relevance of genetic assimilation for evolutionary biology. [source] A model for intervention research in late-life depressionINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY, Issue 12 2009George S. Alexopoulos Abstract Objective To serve as a conceptual map of the role of new interventions designed to reduce the burden of late-life depression. Methods We identified three needs to be addressed by intervention research: (1) the need for novel interventions given that the existing treatments leave many older adults depressed and disabled; (2) the need for procedures enabling community-based agencies to offer interventions of known efficacy with fidelity; and (3) the need to increase access of depressed older adults to care. Results Our model orders novel interventions according to their role in serving depressed older adults and according to their position in the efficacy, effectiveness, implementation, and dissemination testing continuum. We describe three interventions designed by our institute to exemplify intervention research at different level of the model. A common element is that each intervention personalizes care both at the level of the individuals served and the level of community agencies providing care. To this end, each intervention is designed to accommodate the strengths and limitations of both patients and agencies and introduces changes in the patients' environment and community agencies needed in order to assimilate the new intervention. Conclusions We suggest that this model provides conceptual guidance on how to shorten the testing cycle and bring urgently needed novel treatments and implementation approaches to the community. While replication studies are important, propose that most of the support should be directed to those projects that take rational risks, and after adequate preliminary evidence, make the next step along the testing continuum. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Determining the importance weights for the design requirements in the house of quality using the fuzzy analytic network approachINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS, Issue 5 2004Gülçin Büyüközkan Quality function deployment (QFD) has been used to translate customer needs (CNs) and wants into technical design requirements (DRs) in order to increase customer satisfaction. QFD uses the house of quality (HOQ), which is a matrix providing a conceptual map for the design process, as a construct for understanding CNs and establishing priorities of DRs to satisfy them. This article uses the analytic network process (ANP), the general form of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), to prioritize DRs by taking into account the degree of the interdependence between the CNs and DRs and the inner dependence among them. In addition, because human judgment on the importance of requirements is always imprecise and vague, this work concentrates on a fuzzy ANP approach in which triangular fuzzy numbers are used to improve the quality of the responsiveness to CNs and DRs. A numerical example is presented to show the proposed methodology. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] The relationship between busyness and research utilization: it is about timeJOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING, Issue 4 2008David S Thompson MN Aims and objectives., To explore the concept of busyness in nursing and to understand the relationship between busyness and nurses' research utilization better. Background., Lack of time and busyness are consistently reported as barriers to research utilization. Current literature fails to identify the dimensions of busyness and offers little insight into the relationship between busyness and nurses' research utilization. Design/Methods., We performed a secondary analysis of qualitative data and created a conceptual map of busyness in nursing. Results., Our results suggested that busyness consists of physical and psychological dimensions. Interpersonal and environmental factors influenced both dimensions. Cultural and intrapersonal factors contributed to psychological elements. The effects of busyness reported included missed opportunities, compromised safety, emotional and physical strain, sacrifice of personal time, incomplete nursing care and the inability to find or use resources. Conclusions., Our beginning description of busyness contributes to a greater understanding of the relationship between busyness and research utilization. Our findings suggest that lack of time as a barrier to research utilization is more complex than depicted in the literature. Instead, the mental time and energy required to navigate complex environments and a culture of busyness more accurately reflect what may be meant by ,lack of time' as a barrier to research utilization. Relevance to clinical practice., Future interventions aimed at increasing research utilization may be more effective if they focus on factors that contribute to a culture of busyness in nursing and address the mental time and energy required for nurses to use research in practice. [source] Sources of knowledge in clinical practice in postgraduate medical students and faculty members: a conceptual mapJOURNAL OF EVALUATION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE, Issue 4 2007Reza Yousefi-Nooraie MD Abstract Objectives, To determine the most important knowledge sources that can influence clinical practice and to cluster them in conceptual groups based on their relative importance. Methods, Faculty members, fellows and residents of a large teaching tertiary care hospital were asked to rate the importance of different resources in their daily clinical practice and their understanding of some common terms from evidence-based medicine. The knowledge sources were distributed in a two-dimensional map using multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis. Results, A total of 250 of 320 recruited hospital staff returned the questionnaires. The most important resources in daily practice were English journals, text books and literature searching for faculty members, experience, text books and English journals for fellows and text books, experience and peers for residents. Regional journals were the least important resources for all study groups. About 62.7% of residents did not know the meaning of ,number needed to treat', 36.8%,confidence interval', 54.9%,confounding factor' and 44.6%,meta-analysis'. The percentages for faculty members were 41.3%, 37%, 42.2% and 39.1%. The knowledge sources were placed in four clusters in a point map derived from the multidimensional scaling process. Conclusion, The dominance of the traditional information resources and experience-based medicine debate which is the consequence of traditional approaches to medical education may be one of the considerable barriers to the dissemination of evidence-based medicine in developing countries. The evidence-based clinical practice guidelines could be used as a useful passive-predigested source for busy clinicians to make informed decisions. A considerable Western bias may undermine the local research in developing world. [source] Expressive ways of knowing and transformative learningNEW DIRECTIONS FOR ADULT & CONTINUING EDUCATION, Issue 109 2006Jacqueline Davis-Manigaulte This chapter offers a conceptual map for describing different means by which expressive ways of knowing support a holistic approach to transformative learning [source] The ambiguous bioinformatics domain: A conceptual map of information science applications for molecular biologyPROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (ELECTRONIC), Issue 1 2002Sheila O. Denn No abstract is available for this article. [source] | |||||||||||||