Home  About us  Contact
 

Concentrator System (concentrator + system)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Engineering100%

Selected Abstracts

Cushioning the pressure vibration of a zeolite concentrator system using a decoupled balancing duct system

ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY, Issue 2 2007
Feng-Tang Chang
Abstract A honeycomb Zeolite Rotor Concentrator (HZRC) is the main air pollution control device utilized by many semiconductor and optoelectronics manufacturers. Various plant exhaust streams are collected and then transferred to the HZRC for decontamination. In a conventional HZRC, the exhaust fan movement and the switching between different air ducts can cause significant duct pressure variations resulting in production interruption. The minimization of pressure fluctuations to ensure continuous operation of production lines while maintaining a high volatile organic compounds (VOCs) removal efficiency is essential for exhaust treatment in these high technology manufactures. The article introduces a decoupled balancing duct system (DBDS) for controlling the airflows to achieve a balanced pressure in the HZRC system by adding a flow rate control device to the VOCs loaded stream bypass duct of a conventional system. Performance comparisons of HZRC with DBDS and other air flow control systems used by the wafer manufacturers in Hsinchu Science Park, Taiwan are presented. DBDS system had been proved effectively to stabilize the pressure in the airflow ducts, and thus avoided pressure fluctuations; it helped to achieve a high VOCs removal efficiency while ensuring the stability of the HZRC. © 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2007 [source]

Fill factor as a probe of current-matching for GaInP2/GaAs tandem cells in a concentrator system during outdoor operation

PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS: RESEARCH & APPLICATIONS, Issue 3 2008
W. E. McMahon
Abstract Designing a tandem solar cell for use in a concentrator system is challenging because: (a) the conditions are variable, so solar cells rarely operate under optimal conditions, and (b) the conditions are not controlled, so any design problems are difficult to characterize. Here, we show how the fill factor can be used as a diagnostic tool to either verify correct system design and operation or to help identify a problem. We give particular attention to the detection of spectral skewing by the concentrator optics, as this can reduce the performance of GaInP2/GaAs tandem cells and is difficult to characterize. The conclusions are equally valid for GaInP2/GaAs/Ge triple-junction cells. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Characterization of optical collectors for concentration photovoltaic applications

PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS: RESEARCH & APPLICATIONS, Issue 6 2003
I. Antón
Abstract The design and characterization of the collector of a photovoltaic concentrator system is commonly carried out for a given receiver, the optical parameters of the collector being linked to it. This paper, which has substantial tutorial content, deals with the characterization of collectors for concentrator photovoltaic systems, independently of any receiver, and providing the necessary parameters for the design of a system. This strategy allows the parameters related to the collector and the receiver, which are usually manufactured by different industries, to be totally separated. It also allows the optical collectors coming from non-photovoltaic industries to be evaluated. The information that the mirror and lens manufacturers should provide for a photovoltaic concentrator application can be summarized under three characteristics: overall optical efficiency; light distribution; and acceptance angle. Theory, equipment, and procedures to carry out the optical characterization of the collectors are explained. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Development, characterisation and 1000 Suns outdoor tests of GaAs monolithic interconnected module (MIM) receivers

PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS: RESEARCH & APPLICATIONS, Issue 2 2008
R. Loeckenhoff
Abstract Monolithic interconnected modules (MIMs) are large area, high voltage PV devices which perform well at very high light intensities. They are therefore well suited for the assembly of dense array receivers. The latter can be employed in solar concentrator systems such as parabolic dishes at a concentration ratio of 1000 Suns or more. This paper reports on progress in the development and testing of GaAs MIMs and of water-cooled dense array receivers assembled from MIMs. The MIMs are electrically protected by integrated bypass diodes and, under indoor laboratory tests, reach an efficiency of 20·0% at 1000 Suns and 22·9% at 200 Suns. Several dense array receivers have been assembled, one of which was tested outdoors at 1-Sun and at concentration ratios of several hundred Suns and up to slightly above 1000 Suns using the PETAL solar dish facility in Sede Boqer, Israel. In addition to I,V curve measurements, the high-concentration tests included measurements that quantified the light intensity distribution over the dense array. Deformations in some of the I,V plots were observed for intensity distributions that departed substantially from perfect uniformity. The shapes of these plots were successfully reproduced by an electronic network simulation of the inhomogeneously illuminated receiver. 1-Sun I,V curve measurements and visual inspections performed before and after exposure of the module to concentrated sunlight revealed no indications of degradation. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Spectral mismatch correction and spectrometric characterization of monolithic III,V multi-junction solar cells

PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS: RESEARCH & APPLICATIONS, Issue 4 2002
M. Meusel
III,V monolithic multi-junction (MJ) solar cells reach efficiencies exceeding 30% (AM,1.5 global) and have applications in space and in terrestrial concentrator systems. The subcells of monolithic MJ cells are not accessible separately, which presents a challenge to measurement systems and procedures. A mathematical approach is presented which enables a fast way of spectral mismatch correction for MJ cells, thereby significantly reducing the time required for calibration. Moreover, a systematic investigation of the I,V parameters of a MJ solar cell with variation of the incident spectrum is possible, herein called ,spectrometric characterization'. This analysis method visualizes the effects of current limitation and shifting of the operating voltage, and yields precise information about the current-matching of the subcells. MJ cells can hereby be compared without the need to match the current of the structures to a reference spectrum in advance. Further applications of the spectrometric characterization are suggested, such as for the determination of the radiation response of the subcells of MJ space solar cells or for the prediction of the annual power output of terrestrial MJ concentrator cells. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]