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Computerised Tomography (computerised + tomography)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Defining the role of helical computerised tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE)

INTERNAL MEDICINE JOURNAL, Issue 2 2000
M. J. KELLY
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

Development of anti-VWF antibody in a patient with severe haemophilia A following the development of high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LABORATORY HEMATOLOGY, Issue 3 2002
K. Ghosh
A 9-year-old-boy with severe haemophilia A (factor VIII < 1%) developed colicky abdominal pain with swelling in the left iliac fossa for 4 weeks. His LDH level was 1423 IU/l (normal range < 220 IU/l) and his uric acid, 6.8 mg/dl. A computerised tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen demonstrated a tumour of the terminal ileum and mild hepatosplenomegaly. Pre-operative screening for factor VIII inhibitor was negative. Post-operatively, the patient needed high doses of factor VIII to maintain haemostasis. The tumour was found to be a high-grade lymphoma of Burkitt's type. He recovered from his operation and chemotherapy was commenced. Investigations demonstrated an anti-von Willebrand factor (VWF) antibody. He subsequently relapsed and died of progressive disease. Development of anti-VWF antibody in lymphoma is well known, but development of this antibody in a haemophilia A patient developing lymphoma has not been reported. The present case shows that antibody to VWF should be considered as a possible reason for an increased factor VIII requirement in such patients. [source]

Clearing the cervical spine in unconscious adult trauma patients: A survey of practice in specialist centres in the UK,

ANAESTHESIA, Issue 11 2004
P. S. Jones
Summary A postal questionnaire survey of neurosurgery and spinal injury departments in the UK was conducted to determine how they assessed the cervical spine in unconscious, adult trauma patients, and at what point immobilisation was discontinued. Of the 32 units contacted, 27 responded (response rate, 84%). Most centres had no protocols to guide initial imaging or when immobilisation devices should be removed. Most responding centres performed fewer than three plain radiographs, and most did not use computerised tomography routinely. Routine use of magnetic resonance imaging or dynamic flexion,extension fluoroscopy was rare, and few units regarded the latter as safe in unconscious patients. There was no consensus on when immobilisation of the cervical spine should be discontinued. Most centres that terminated immobilisation immediately after imaging did so on the basis of plain radiographs alone. Unconscious adult trauma patients remain at risk of inadequate assessment of potential cervical spine injuries. [source]

Prediction by computerised tomography of distance from skin to epidural space during thoracic epidural insertion

ANAESTHESIA, Issue 7 2002
J. Carnie
Summary In this single group observational study on 29 patients, we describe a technique that predicts the depth of the epidural space, calculated from the routine pre-operative chest computerised tomography (CT) scan using Pythagorean triangle trigonometry. We also compared the CT-derived depth of the epidural space with the actual depth of needle insertion. The CT-derived and the actual depths of the epidural space were highly correlated (r = 0.88, R2 = 0.78, p < 0.0001). The mean (95% CI) difference between CT-derived and actual depths was 0.26 (0.03,0.49) cm. Thus, the CT-derived depth tends to be greater than the actual depth by between 0.03 and 0.49 cm. There were no associations between either the CT-derived or the actual depth of the epidural space and age, weight, height or body mass index. [source]

Gynaecological presentation of retroperitoneal tumours

BJOG : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 2 2000
Andrew J. Spillane Fellow (Surgical Oncology)
Objective To illustrate the problems associated with mistaken pre-operative diagnosis following gynaecological presentation of patients with retroperitoneal tumours. Design A case series of five referrals. Results Non-gynaecological tumours were not suspected in each case and hence there was a failure to undertake further pre-operative investigation and referral to a specialised soft tissue sarcoma service. This resulted in four of the patients having an unnecessary laparotomy with an inappropriate transperitoneal biopsy undertaken when the retroperitoneal tumour was discovered. The mistaken diagnosis of ovarian malignancy lead to increased morbidity, compromise of potential for a long disease free interval and/or possibly lessened the chance of cure in each case. Conclusions Misinterpretation of clinical signs and an over-reliance on ultrasound diagnosis were the commonest causes of inappropriate management of these patients. Gynaecologists should consider more frequently the other, less common differential diagnoses of a pelvic mass. This is especially true in circumstances with a predominantly solid tumour, where there are clinical signs of vascular or rectal displacement, or where there is ultrasound evidence of ureteric obstruction. The more frequent utilisation of a computerised tomography scan with intravenous and oral contrast with referral before inappropriate transperitoneal biopsy are recommended as complete en bloc surgical excision at the first laparotomy is the treatment of choice in virtually all primary retroperitoneal tumours. [source]

Infection with Fasciola hepatica

CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION, Issue 11 2005
D. Y. Aksoy
Abstract Fascioliasis, caused by the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica, is an infection that occurs worldwide, although humans are accidental hosts. F. hepatica infection comprises two stages, hepatic and biliary, with different signs and symptoms. Stool examination and ELISA can be used for the initial diagnosis. Radiographic techniques, such as computerised tomography and ultrasonography, as well as magnetic resonance imaging, are used widely for confirmation and follow-up of the disease. Invasive techniques, such as percutaneous cholangiography, endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and liver biopsy, may aid in the diagnosis but are not essential. Triclabendazole is recommended as the first-line agent for the treatment of F. hepatica infection, with bithionol as an alternative. [source]