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Common Predictor (common + predictor)
Selected AbstractsChange in Paternal Involvement from 1977 to 1997: A Cohort AnalysisFAMILY & CONSUMER SCIENCES RESEARCH JOURNAL, Issue 2 2005Scott S. Hall Contemporary social expectations of fathering promote an image of fathers more heavily involved in child rearing than their counterparts from past decades. However, some have questioned whether or not the actual "conduct" of fatherhood has changed over time. Fathers from two nationally representative data sets and from two distinct time periods,1977 and 1997,were selected to test whether there has been a change in the amount of time that fathers spend with their children. The results of a cohort analysis indicated that fathers from each of the age cohorts in 1997 reported spending more time with children on both workdays and non-workdays than comparable fathers in 1977. In addition, younger fathers from both time periods generally reported spending more time with their children than did older fathers. Common predictors of paternal involvement differed somewhat in each time period. [source] Impact of demographics, tumor characteristics, and treatment factors on swallowing after (chemo)radiotherapy for head and neck cancerHEAD & NECK: JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES & SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK, Issue 4 2010Jacqui Frowen BSpPath (Hons) Abstract Background This prospective study evaluated the impact of patient demographics, tumor characteristics, and radiotherapy treatment on swallowing before and after radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. Methods Eighty-one patients with head and neck cancer were examined using videofluoroscopy swallowing studies (VFSS) before treatment and again at 3 and 6 months after treatment. Results Swallowing was best at baseline, significantly worse 3 months posttreatment, and improved by 6 months posttreatment. Worse swallowing was associated with: living in rural areas; ex-heavy alcohol consumption; hypopharyngeal tumor site; large (particularly T4) tumors; nonconformal radiotherapy; bilateral radiation to the pharynx; and longer radiotherapy fields. Through the use of multiple regression analysis, previous swallowing was determined to be the most common predictor of swallowing outcomes, followed by T classification, alcohol history, and radiotherapy technique. Conclusions The pretreatment and treatment factors that influenced swallowing in this cohort should be considered when planning treatment, in discussing potential side effects with patients, and when developing and testing future treatment techniques. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010 [source] Commitment to Company and Union: Evidence from Hong KongINDUSTRIAL RELATIONS, Issue 3 2000Ed Snape This article examines the pattern and antecedents of employee commitment to company and union in the Hong Kong context. Findings are consistent with those from the United States. In general, company and union commitment have different antecedents, although the perceived industrial relations climate is a common predictor. Dual commitment is in evidence. Union membership is a function of union commitment. The findings caution against attempts to explain the pattern of Hong Kong industrial relations purely in terms of culture. [source] Biodiversity assessment: a case study in predicting richness from the potential distributions of plant species in the forests of south-western AustraliaJOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY, Issue 5 2000Paul Gioia Abstract Distributions were predicted for 1430 native plant species as part of a biodiversity assessment in the forests of south-west Western Australia. From these predicted distributions, an index of plant species richness was generated for the forest area. The most common predictors for distribution were found to be climatic surfaces incorporating some aspect of seasonality in temperature and precipitation. Although coarse, the index confirmed existing knowledge of areas of high biodiversity within the study area and introduced a new area, the Blackwood Plateau, for consideration as a conservation reserve with high species richness. An additional survey was conducted to sample actual species richness in 11 test sites. When actual richness was regressed against predicted richness, a significant correlation was obtained if both annuals and geophytes were excluded from the analysis. With refinement of the model and further data collection targeted at areas of low effort, the species richness index is proposed as a useful tool for conservation planning. [source] Successful Aging: Implications for Oral HealthJOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH DENTISTRY, Issue 4 2000H. Asuman Kiyak PhD ABSTRACT The past few years have seen a growing emphasis in gerontology on the concept of "successful" or "robust" aging. This represents a major paradigm shift in the field from a focus on declines in physical and social functioning, assumptions of the aging process as a downward spiral, and studies on how to manage these declines. Leading the way toward this new perspective on aging, the MacArthur Studies of Successful Aging asked the fundamental question: "What genetic, biomedical, behavioral, and social factors are crucial to maintaining health and functional capacities in the later years?" These studies examined longitudinally a large cohort of independent elders on several physical, cognitive, emotional, and social parameters. Other researchers have focused on the theme of robust aging; however, common predictors have emerged, such as remaining active physically and cognitively, maintaining social contacts, and avoiding disease. This research is timely, given the expanding population of the oldest old, and with successive cohorts demonstrating the "compression of morbidity" phenomenon. Such a paradigm shift is critical in geriatric dentistry as well, where successful aging is evident in the growing number of older adults who have retained their natural dentition into advanced old age. This presentation draws parallels between successful aging at the systemic and oral health levels, with illustrations from epidemiologic studies that demonstrate trends in improved health and quality of life among newer cohorts of older adults. [source] | |||||||||||||