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Selected AbstractsEFFECT OF 1-METHYLCYCLOPROPENE ON NUTRITIONAL QUALITY AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF TOMATO FRUIT (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICON L.) DURING STORAGEJOURNAL OF FOOD QUALITY, Issue 2 2010MENG WANG ABSTRACT The effect of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on postharvest quality and nutritional compounds in tomato (Solanum lycopersicon Mill.) fruit during storage was determined. The green mature tomato was exposed to 1 µL/L 1-MCP for 24 h. Thereafter, the fruit were stored at 20C and 85,95% relative humidity for 20 days. The results indicated that 1-MCP treatment significantly delayed the decrease of firmness, total soluble solids, and titratable acidity, inhibited the increase of weight loss, and suppressed the rise in respiration rate and ethylene production. Moreover, 1-MCP treatment also inhibited the lycopene accumulation and chlorophyll degradation. Ascorbic acid and soluble phenolic contents in 1-MCP-treated fruit were significantly higher than those in the control fruit. 1-MCP treatment enhanced the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) values and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. These results suggested that 1-MCP can be used as a commercial technology due to its ability to improve nutritional value of tomato fruit as well as to delay fruit ripening. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Tomato fruit are often harvested at mature green stage to minimize damage during transport to market, and then allowed to ripen before or during presentation in retail outlets. A limitation to marketing of tomato fruit is the time that ripe fruit remain in an acceptable condition for consumers. 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) can extend the storage life and improve postharvest quality of tomato fruit. Recently, nutritional quality is of increasing interest to the consumers because of their potential health benefits in protecting against various diseases. However, the effects of 1-MCP on nutritional compounds and antioxidant activity of tomato fruit are still unclear and need to be more precisely determined. This study can provide information on the effect of 1-MCP treatment on postharvest quality and nutritional compounds in tomato fruit during storage. The results could be applicable to improve the quality and nutritional value of tomato fruit for commercial purpose. [source] Carbon dioxide exchange of a Russian boreal forest after disturbance by wind throwGLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, Issue 3 2002Alexander Knohl Abstract The exchange of carbon dioxide (CO2) between the atmosphere and a forest after disturbance by wind throw in the western Russian taiga was investigated between July and October 1998 using the eddy covariance technique. The research area was a regenerating forest (400 m × 1000 m), in which all trees of the preceding generation were uplifted during a storm in 1996. All deadwood had remained on site after the storm and had not been extracted for commercial purposes. Because of the heterogeneity of the terrain, several micrometeorological quality tests were applied. In addition to the eddy covariance measurements, carbon pools of decaying wood in a chronosequence of three different wind throw areas were analysed and the decay rate of coarse woody debris was derived. During daytime, the average CO2 uptake flux was ,3 µmol m,2s,1, whereas during night-time characterised by a well-mixed atmosphere the rates of release were typically about 6 µmol m,2s,1. Suppression of turbulent fluxes was only observed under conditions with very low friction velocity (u* , 0.08 ms,1). On average, 164 mmol CO2 m,2d,1 was released from the wind throw to the atmosphere, giving a total of 14.9 mol CO2 m,2 (180 g CO2 m,2) released during the 3-month study period. The chronosequence of dead woody debris on three different wind throw areas suggested exponential decay with a decay coefficient of ,0.04 yr,1. From the magnitude of the carbon pools and the decay rate, it is estimated that the decomposition of coarse woody debris accounted for about a third of the total ecosystem respiration at the measurement site. Hence, coarse woody debris had a long-term influence on the net ecosystem exchange of this wind throw area. From the analysis performed in this work, a conclusion is drawn that it is necessary to include into flux networks the ecosystems that are subject to natural disturbances and that have been widely omitted into considerations of the global carbon budget. The half-life time of about 17 years for deadwood in the wind throw suggests a fairly long storage of carbon in the ecosystem, and indicates a very different long-term carbon budget for naturally disturbed vs. commercially managed forests. [source] Healthy Ageing , Adults with Intellectual Disabilities: Physical Health IssuesJOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES, Issue 3 2001H. Evenhuis This report has been prepared by the Ageing Special Interest Research Group of the International Association for the Scientific Study of Intellectual Disabilities (IASSID) in collaboration with the Department of Mental Health and Substance Dependence and the Programme on Ageing and Health, World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland, and all rights are reserved by the above mentioned organization. The document may, however, be freely reviewed, abstracted, reproduced or translated in part, but not for sale or use in conjunction with commercial purposes. It may also be reproduced in full by non-commercial entities for information or for educational purposes with prior permission from WHO/IASSID. The document is likely to be available in other languages also. For more information on this document, please visit the following websites: Overall Quality Throughout Shelf Life of Minimally Fresh Processed FennelJOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE, Issue 1 2005Victor H. Escalona ABSTRACT: The keeping quality of minimally fresh processed fennel up to 14 d at 0 °C under modified atmosphere packaging was studied. Samples of 1 cm3 diced fennel washed for 1 min with chlorinated (100 mg/L) water were placed in 35 ,m oriented polypropylene (PP) bags or in PP baskets heat-sealed with unperforated or perforated (control) PP film. Changes in respiratory activity, ethylene emission, color, sugars content, chemical parameters, browning, decay, microbial growth, and sensory attributes were monitored. Respiratory activity in diced fennel was 1.5,fold higher than that for whole bulbs, and slight differences in ethylene emission between both whole and fresh processed fennel were found. A gas composition within both kinds of unperforated packages of about 11 to 13 kPa O2 and 9 to 12 kPa CO2 was reached. At the end of storage of fennel dices under this atmosphere, total plate counts were lower than legal limit for safe consumption. At any moment, neither physiological disorders nor decay developed. Although after 14 d a slight browning on the dices surface appeared, levels of sensorial attributes higher than acceptable for commercial purposes were reached. [source] Superfund cleanup: Designing containment remedies for recreational reuseREMEDIATION, Issue 2 2000Joseph D. King In July, 1999, EPA announced its Superfund Redevelopment Initiative, the Agency's effort to help communities bring Superfund sites back into productive use in a manner that is protective of human health and the environment. As part of the Superfund Redevelopment Initiative, the Agency is developing reuse design guides that provide technical information related to the design of remedies that safely support reuse. The design guides focus on the reuse of containment sites, and address such topics as settlement, gas control, irrigation, drainage, and operation and maintenance. Case studies of redeveloped sites are also presented in the guides. EPA is currently developing design guides that address the reuse of Superfund sites for commercial purposes, wildlife areas, parking lots, recreational sports fields, and golf courses. This article provides information on the first guide in the series-the reuse of Superfund sites for recreational purposes. [source] A patent analysis of cluster analysisAPPLIED STOCHASTIC MODELS IN BUSINESS AND INDUSTRY, Issue 4 2009Jon R. Kettenring Abstract The application of cluster analysis (CA) to analyze scientific research data has been growing rapidly, especially in the life sciences. Its use for commercial purposes is much more difficult to characterize. A detailed analysis of recent patents provides some revealing insights, however. It points to several areas of patent activity for which CA is widely used. These are discussed in the paper and a number of patents are highlighted to illustrate the diversity of applications. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Assessment of the impact of salinity and irradiance on the combined carbon dioxide sequestration and carotenoids production by Dunaliella salina: A mathematical modelBIOTECHNOLOGY & BIOENGINEERING, Issue 2 2009O.Q.F. Araújo Abstract Current anthropogenic activities have been causing a significant increase in the atmospheric concentration of CO2 over the past 60 years. To mitigate the consequent global warming problem, efficient technological solutions, based on economical and technical grounds, are required. In this work, microalgae are studied as important biological systems of CO2 fixation into organic compounds through photosynthesis. These microorganisms are potential sources of a wide variety of interesting chemical compounds, which can be used for commercial purposes, reducing the cost of CO2 capture and sequestration. Specifically, Dunaliella salina culture was studied aiming at the impact evaluation of operational conditions over cellular growth and carotenoid production associated with the CO2 sequestration on focus. The main experimental parameters investigated were salinity and irradiance conditions. The experimental results supported the development of a descriptive mathematical model of the process. Based on the proposed model, a sensitivity analysis was carried out to investigate the operational conditions that maximize CO2 consumption and carotenoid production, in order to guide further development of technological routes for CO2 capture through microalgae. A preliminary cost estimation of CO2 sequestration combined to carotenoids production for a 200 MW power plant is presented, based on the growth rates achieved in this study. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009;102: 425,435. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source]
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