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Combined Effort (combined + effort)
Selected AbstractsUnited States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service research on managing insect resistance to insecticides,,PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE (FORMERLY: PESTICIDE SCIENCE), Issue 6-7 2003Gary W Elzen Abstract Insecticide resistance has developed within many classes of pesticide, and over 500 species of insects and mites are resistant to one or more insecticides. Insecticide resistance and the consequent losses of food and fiber caused by failure to control insect and mite pests causes economic losses of several billion dollars worldwide each year. It is the goal of insect resistance management (IRM) to preserve useful pesticides by slowing, preventing or reversing development of resistance in pests. Important aspects of this goal are understanding the development of resistance and monitoring to determine ways to prevent its development. We describe programs specific to missions of the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, which are designed to characterize insecticide resistance in insects and mites with the goal of managing pests in an ecologically acceptable manner. Resistance management of cotton, potatoes, vegetables, melons, ornamentals, greenhouse crops, corn, stored grains, livestock, honeybees and mites, as well as management of transgenic crops are evaluated. We conclude that IRM is a vital part of stewardship of any pest management product and must be a combined effort of manufacturers, growers, consultants, extension services and grower organizations, working closely with regulators, to achieve logistically and economically feasible systems that prolong the effectiveness of all pest-control products. Published in 2003 for SCI by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Cover Picture: Plasma Process.PLASMA PROCESSES AND POLYMERS, Issue 2 2007Polym. Cover: The aquamarine discharge exemplifies polymerization of acetylene in a DBD reactor. In total, over 20 precursors were classified for their "ease" of film deposition and growth at low energy input. Next to acetylene, pyrrole is the precursor of choice. In-depth analysis of the polymer films offers insights in their physicochemical properties. The research was a combined effort of VITO and KULeuven. Further details can be found in the article by P. Heyse, R. Dams, S. Paulussen,* K. Houthoofd, K. Janssen, P. A. Jacobs, and B. F. Sels on page 145. [source] Improved integration of LOPA with HAZOP analyses,PROCESS SAFETY PROGRESS, Issue 4 2009Dick Baum Abstract Integrating Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA) with Hazard and Operability Analysis (HAZOP) has many advantages over performing these studies separately. The merits include: fewer actions from the combined effort compared to performing only a HAZOP; team continuity resulting from the combined effort as opposed to two separate teams having possibly differing points of view; and, ultimately, a time and cost savings realized by the combination. This integration defines the risk associated with a given scenario, enabling better decisions that impact business assurance. By using the Center for Chemical Process Safety guidelines to define the independent protection layers upfront, the gray areas can often be reduced or eliminated; thereby enabling a more thorough LOPA. Examples include taking credit if a unit has two independent operators (outside and inside) responding to critical alarms, or taking credit for centralized control rooms that may allow immediate operator interaction and response. This article shows how the guidelines have been used successfully in joint HAZOP/LOPA studies, and describes an initial preparation protocol that can ensure high-quality results. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog, 2009 [source] Impact of next generation sequencing: The 2009 Human Genome Variation Society Scientific MeetingHUMAN MUTATION, Issue 4 2010William S. Oetting Abstract The annual scientific meeting of the Human Genome Variation Society (HGVS) was held on the 20th of October, 2009, in Honolulu, Hawaii. The theme of this meeting was the "Impact of Next Generation Sequencing." Presenters spoke on issues ranging from advances in the technology of large-scale genome sequencing to how this information can be analyzed to uncover genetic variants associated with disease. Many of the challenges resulting from the implementation of these new technologies were presented, but possible solutions, or at least paths to the solutions, were also given. With the combined efforts of investigators using next-generation sequencing to help understand the impact of genetic variants on disease, the use of the personal genome in medicine will soon become a reality. Hum Mutat 30:1,4, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] | ||||||||||