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Collective Interests (collective + interest)
Selected AbstractsCorporations on the Front LineCORPORATE GOVERNANCE, Issue 2 2004Noreena Hertz Over the past few years multinational corporations have been coming increasingly under attack from a number of forces, including non governmental organisations, "political shoppers" and grass root activists. While these civil or market based forms of regulation have had some effect in moderating corporate behaviour, this paper argues that the effect is necessarily limited. What is proving to be more effective is instead the threat of litigation. Yet despite the evidence, the trend amongst government policy makers has been to encourage corporations to voluntarily self regulate. This paper warns that policy makers pursue this end at the peril not only of external stakeholders, but also of multinational corporations, and lays out steps that governments could take both to improve civil and market regulation, and also to strengthen the law. This paper will argue that such a course of action is in our collective interest. [source] Why promises and threats need each otherEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 5 2007Christopher P. Reinders Folmer Despite the pervasive use of promises and threats in social life, very little research has been devoted to examining the effectiveness of these interpersonal tactics in promoting cooperation in social dilemmas. Based on the Goal-Prescribes-Rationality principle, we hypothesized that cooperation should be most strongly enhanced when promises and threats are communicated in combination, rather than in isolation. Also, we hypothesized that the combination of promises and threats should be especially effective among individuals with prosocial rather than proself orientations. Two studies provided good evidence for the latter hypothesis, in that the combination of promises and threats was only effective in people with prosocial orientations, people who are concerned with equality and collective interest. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Collective organisation in small- and medium-sized enterprises , an application of mobilisation theoryHUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT JOURNAL, Issue 4 2006Sian Moore This article draws on mobilisation theory to explain the presence and absence of collective organisation in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The analysis is based upon case studies of 11 UK SMEs reflecting variation in respect of employment size, industry sector, workforce composition, ownership and product/service market characteristics. It suggests that recently introduced statutory trade union recognition legislation and increased formalisation within some larger SMEs may provide the conditions for unionisation, although the presence and role of ,key activists' with union histories is critical to the process of gaining recognition and sustaining organisation. The nature of social relations in micro and small firms, however, inhibits the articulation of injustice. This is not least because the framing of grievances is a high-risk strategy with a potential to shatter the informal social relationships upon which work is based, and this inhibits the identification of collective interests. [source] Interest formation in greenfield union organising campaignsINDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL, Issue 5 2007Melanie Simms ABSTRACT This article examines the processes by which unions come to express the interests of workers during organising campaigns. Evidence from five longitudinal cases shows the central importance of officials and organisers. Three key reasons for this are explored: the need for expert knowledge in organising campaigns, the fact that officials and organisers are well placed to identify and to construct common interests among a diversity of interest groups, and the fact that the training they receive explicitly encourages this role. Furthermore, it is argued that this helps explain some of the difficulties observed in organising campaigns specifically; the limitations of campaigns that primarily focus at workplace level, and the relatively narrow definition of collective interests that this approach encourages. [source] Producers, Processors and Unions: The Meat Producers Board and Labour Relations in the New Zealand Meat Industry, 1952,1971AUSTRALIAN ECONOMIC HISTORY REVIEW, Issue 2 2001Bruce Curtis In New Zealand, the historical trend towards the rational-capitalistic transformation of agriculture was forestalled in part by producer boards, institutions that were intended to operate in the collective interests of farmers. Recently, there has been renewed interest both in the economic effects of the boards and in the role of farmers themselves within New Zealand's unique arbitral system of industrial relations. This paper bridges these areas of research by examining the influence of the Meat Producers Board on management,labour relations within the export meat industry. Whereas the Board is generally regarded as having empowered family-labour farmers, we argue that its interventions also empowered meatworkers and simultaneously weakened meat-processing companies as employers. The power resources indirectly supplied to meatworkers by the Board were an important external source of union power in the industry. By examining these resources, we identify the neglected effects of a key institution that shaped New Zealand's path of development by preventing the subsumption of ,independent' farming. [source] The Logic of Expressive Collective Action: When will Individuals ,Nail their Colours to the Mast'?BRITISH JOURNAL OF POLITICS & INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, Issue 4 2007Philip Jones Individuals do not act collectively simply because they recognise common interests; collective interests can be defined as collective goods and collective goods are non-excludable. In ,large' groups instrumental individuals have no incentive to act because individual action is imperceptible. But are individuals always this instrumental? If it is a mistake to assume that collective action occurs ,naturally' when common interests are recognised, it is a mistake to ignore awareness of common interests. Individuals derive satisfaction from expressing identity with common interests but when will individuals choose to ,nail their colours to the mast'? [source] | |||||||||||||