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Distribution by Scientific Domains

Life Sciences	60%

Selected Abstracts

Isolation, characterization and cross-species amplification of eight microsatellite DNA loci in the migratory locust (Locusta migratoria)

MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES, Issue 4 2003
De-Xing Zhang
Abstract Eight polymorphic di- and trinucleotide microsatellite loci suitable for population genetic analysis were developed in Locusta migratoria from a partial phagemid genomic library enriched for microsatellite inserts. The expected heterozygosity at these loci ranges from 0.45 to 0.97, with the observed allele numbers varying between nine and 45. The overall microsatellite cloning efficiency in L. migratoria is 14%, suggesting that in migratory locusts, microsatellite sequences are abundant and should provide a valuable and easily accessible source of nuclear markers for genetic studies. These microsatellite loci were highly Locusta -specific, with only very limited cross-species applicability. [source]

Gleaning signals about the past from cemetery data

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY, Issue 1 2010
Lisa Sattenspiel
Abstract Cemetery headstones provide an easily accessible source of demographic data in human populations. In common with other sources of demographic data, such as skeletal samples, cemetery data may not be representative of the populations from which they were derived. In some circumstances they can be reasonably representative, however, and in such cases they may provide signals about demographic changes in the population that contributed to the cemetery. We present here analyses of burials occurring between 1900 and 1990 at the Columbia Cemetery in Columbia, Missouri. Our analyses, in combination with archival materials relating to infrastructure improvements in Columbia and data on infectious disease mortality in the state of Missouri, show that patterns of death observed in the cemetery data provide evidence for the timing of changes in the health of Columbia's residents. At the time that major improvements in sanitation and hygiene were implemented, burials of individuals dying under age 45 decreased significantly while burials of individuals older than 45 remained relatively high. Furthermore, data on infectious disease mortality indicate significant declines in deaths from water- and milk-borne infections, but no change in mortality from respiratory illnesses. These data also indicate that observed changes occurred about a decade later in Columbia than in large cities and more densely populated states elsewhere in the United States. Thus, this study illustrates the value of cemetery data in helping to fill gaps about how and when different events known to affect patterns of birth and death may have played out across time and space. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2010. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Simultaneous scrofuloderma and intracranial tuberculomas: A rare presentation of systemic tuberculosis

AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 1 2010
Kenneth Kien Siang Wong
ABSTRACT Tuberculosis can involve multiple organ systems concurrently. We report a case of simultaneous brain tuberculomas and scrofuloderma occurring in the same patient. Skin biopsies confirmed scrofuloderma and the patient was successfully treated for tuberculosis with resolution of the brain masses. This case illustrates the importance of dermatological manifestations of systemic disease as an accessible source for diagnosis and guidance in appropriate therapy. [source]

In vitro polydeoxyribonucleotide effects on human pre-adipocytes

CELL PROLIFERATION, Issue 5 2008
E. Raposio
Objectives: Adipose tissue is the most abundant and accessible source of adult stem cells. Human processed lipoaspirate contains pre-adipocytes that possess one of the a characteristic pathways of multipotent adult stem cells and are able to differentiate in vitro into mesenchymal and also neurogenic lineages. Because stem cells have great potential for use in tissue repair and regeneration, it would be significant to be able to obtain large amounts of these cells in vitro. As demonstrated previously, purine nucleosides and nucleotides mixtures can act as mitogens for several cell types. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of polydeoxyribonucleotides (PDRN), at appropriate concentrations, on human pre-adipocytes grown in a controlled medium, also using different passages, so as to investigate the relationship between the effect of this compound and cellular senescence, which is the phenomenon when normal diploid cells lose the ability to divide further. Materials and methods: Human pre-adipocytes were obtained by liposuction. Cells from different culture passages (P6 and P16) were treated with PDRN at different experimental times. Cell number was evaluated for each sample by direct counting after trypan blue treatment. DNA assay and the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide test were also carried out in all cases. Results and Conclusions: PDRN seemed to promote proliferation of human pre-adipocytes at both passages, but cell population growth increased in pre-adipocyte at P16, after 9 days as compared to control. Our data suggest that PDRN could act as a pre-adipocyte growth stimulator. [source]

Life-Satisfaction Is a Momentary Judgment and a Stable Personality Characteristic: The Use of Chronically Accessible and Stable Sources

JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY, Issue 3 2002
Ulrich Schimmack
ABSTRACT Social cognition research indicates that life-satisfaction judgments are based on a selected set of relevant information that is accessible at the time of the life-satisfaction judgment. Personality research indicates that life-satisfaction judgments are quite stable over extended periods of time and predicted by personality traits. The present article integrates these two research traditions. We propose that people rely on the same sources to form repeated life-satisfaction judgments over time. Some of these sources (e.g., memories of emotional experiences, academic performance) provide stable information that explains the stability in life-satisfaction judgments. Second, we propose that the influence of personality traits on life satisfaction is mediated by the use of chronically accessible sources because traits produce stability of these sources. Most important, the influence of extraversion and neuroticism is mediated by use of memories of past emotional experiences. To test this model, participants repeatedly judged life-satisfaction over the course of a semester. After each assessment, participants reported sources that they used for these judgments. Changes in reported sources were related to changes in life-satisfaction judgments. A path model demonstrated that chronically accessible and stable sources are related to stable individual differences in life-satisfaction. Furthermore, the model supported the hypothesis that personality effects were mediated by chronically accessible and stable sources. In sum, the results are consistent with our theory that life-satisfaction judgments are based on chronically accessible sources. [source]