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Close Friendships (close + friendship)
Selected AbstractsClose friendships among urban, ethnic-minority adolescentsNEW DIRECTIONS FOR CHILD & ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT, Issue 107 2005Niobe Way In-depth interviews with ethnic-minority, low-income, urban adolescents reveal the multiple meanings of trust and closeness in friendships, the intersection of trust and distrust, and the ways in which close friendships are firmly embedded in cultural contexts. [source] A Falling Out: The Relationship Between Oliver Wendell Holmes and Theodore RooseveltJOURNAL OF SUPREME COURT HISTORY, Issue 2 2002Richard H. Wagner Theodore Roosevelt is often credited with founding and shaping the modern American presidency. With his appointment of Oliver Wendell Holmes to the Supreme Court of the United States, Roosevelt also set in motion a force that would transform the judiciary. However, it did not go as Roosevelt had planned. Holmes' refusal to conform to Roosevelt's desires in Northern Securities Co. v. United States demonstrated that Holmes was his own man and not Roosevelt's instrument. The decision brought an abrupt halt to what had been becoming a close friendship between the two men. Over the years the rift deepened. The bitterness that grew between them reflected more than a difference of opinion over law and economic principles; it reflected the type of disillusionment that comes only when a friend fails to live up to expectations. [source] Annotation: Recent Research Examining the Role of Peer Relationships in the Development of PsychopathologyTHE JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY AND ALLIED DISCIPLINES, Issue 5 2001Kirby Deater-Deckard This Annotation highlights recent research on the role of peer group and friendship factors in the development of psychopathology in childhood and adolescence. Several processes are considered, including peer rejection (e.g., exclusion and victimization), social withdrawal and avoidance of peer interaction, and the socialization of deviant behavior and internalizing problems. The mediating influences of several proximal components are examined, including cognitive-perceptual factors and emotion regulation. In addition, the moderating ifluences of close friendship, age, gender, ethnicity, and group norms are considered. Several promising avenues for future directions in research are highlighted, including the examination of heterogeneity in developmental processes, further investigation of gender-based norms, and the application of multi-level modeling techniques and gene-environment process models. [source] The effects of alcohol expectancies on drinking behaviour in peer groups: observations in a naturalistic settingADDICTION, Issue 9 2005Sander M. Bot ABSTRACT Aims To study the functionality of alcohol expectancies in predicting drinking behaviour in existing peer groups of young adults in a ,naturalistic' setting. Design and setting Young adults were invited to join an experiment with their peer group in a bar annex laboratory. During a ,break' of 50 minutes in this experiment, their activities, social behaviour and drinking behaviour were observed with digital video and audio equipment. Participants Twenty-eight peer groups were involved in this study. A peer group consisted of seven to nine people, with relationships ranging from intimate relations and close friendships to being acquaintances. A total of 238 participants were involved. Measurements Information of the drinking behaviour from observations and questionnaire data on alcohol expectancies provide the opportunity to look at how and which expectancies are related to actual drinking patterns. Multiple regression and multi-level analyses were applied. Findings Expectancies on the positive and arousing effects of alcohol consumption were related to alcohol consumption in a naturalistic, social drinking situation, in addition to group effects of drinking. Expectancies on the negative and sedative effects of drinking, however, were not related to drinking. Conclusions The findings indicate that among young adults observed in a peer group and naturalistic drinking setting, positive expectancies about the effects of alcohol and expectancies about the effects of alcohol on arousal are related positively to drinking level. [source] Close friendships among urban, ethnic-minority adolescentsNEW DIRECTIONS FOR CHILD & ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT, Issue 107 2005Niobe Way In-depth interviews with ethnic-minority, low-income, urban adolescents reveal the multiple meanings of trust and closeness in friendships, the intersection of trust and distrust, and the ways in which close friendships are firmly embedded in cultural contexts. [source] Body weight, social competence, and cognitive functioning in survivors of childhood brain tumors,PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER, Issue 3 2010Fiona Schulte PhD Abstract Background The purpose of the following article was to examine: (a) body mass index (BMI) in survivors of childhood brain tumors; (b) the association of BMI with social competence and cognitive functioning; and (c) congruency in reporting of survivors' social competence by the survivors, parents, and teachers. Procedure Fifty-four survivors of childhood brain tumors (32 males) 8,18 years participated. BMI-for-age percentiles and BMI Z -scores (SDS) were calculated and survivors were categorized as underweight, normal, overweight, or obese, using established criteria. Informants completed measures of social competence and internalizing behaviors. Survivors also completed a test of self-perception and cognitive functioning (IQ). Results Survivors were more underweight (15% vs. 4%), and less overweight (17% vs. 31%) than population norms (,2,=,38.62, P,<,0.001). Parents perceived lower social competence in survivors that were underweight, had lower verbal IQ, and higher internalizing behaviors (P,<,0.05). A significant interaction between BMI-for-age and IQ on self-perception of close friendships suggested that survivors with lower weight and lower IQ perceived having fewer close friendships (P,<,0.05). Congruency among the three informants was moderate. Conclusions Survivors of childhood brain tumors are at increased risk for underweight. Underweight status is related to lower parent reported social competence and survivors' self-perception of fewer close friendships in the presence of low IQ. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;55:532,539. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Gender-associated differences in the psychosocial and developmental outcome in patients affected with the bladder exstrophy-epispadias complexBJU INTERNATIONAL, Issue 2 2006CELINE LEE OBJECTIVE To identify problems in the long-term psychosocial and developmental outcome specific to patients with the bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex (BEEC), using a self-developed semi-structured questionnaire, as there are various techniques of reconstruction to repair BEEC but to date neither patients nor surgeons have a clear answer about which type gives the most acceptable long-term results. PATIENTS AND METHODS Increasingly many patients with BEEC reach adulthood and wish to have sexual relationships and families. To date, no studies have used disease-specific psychological instruments to measure the psychosocial status of patients with BEEC. Thus we contacted 208 patients with BEEC, and 122 were enrolled, covering the complete spectrum of the BEEC. The data assessed included the surgical reconstruction, subjective assessment of continence, developmental milestones, school performance and career, overall satisfaction in life, disease-specific fears and partnership experiences in patients aged >18 years. We compared affected females and males to assess gender-associated differences in quality of life. RESULTS Affected females had more close friendships, fewer disadvantages in relation to healthy female peers and more partnerships than the males. Family planning seemed to be less of a problem in affected females. There were no gender differences in the adjustments within school and professional career, which was very good in general. CONCLUSION Future studies are needed to assess the disease-specific anxieties, considering gender-specific differences. [source] Co,Rumination in the Friendships of Girls and BoysCHILD DEVELOPMENT, Issue 6 2002Amanda J. Rose This research addresses a new construct, co,rumination. Co,rumination refers to extensively discussing and revisiting problems, speculating about problems, and focusing on negative feelings. Friendship research indicates that self,disclosure leads to close relationships; however, coping research indicates that dwelling on negative topics leads to emotional difficulties. Co,rumination is a single construct that integrates both perspectives and is proposed to be related both to positive friendship adjustment and problematic emotional adjustment. Third,, fifth,, seventh,, and ninth,grade participants (N= 608) responded to questionnaires, including a new measure of co,rumination. Co,rumination was related to high,quality, close friendships and aspects of depression and anxiety. Girls reported co,ruminating more than did boys, which helped to account for girls' more positive friendship adjustment and greater internalizing symptoms. Other analyses addressed whether co,rumination and the related constructs of self,disclosure and rumination had different relations with friendship and emotional adjustment. [source] | ||||||||||||||||