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Cisplatin Therapy (cisplatin + therapy)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	75%

Selected Abstracts

Intracavitary cisplatin therapy for pediatric malignancies,

PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER, Issue 3 2010
Howard M. Katzenstein MD
Abstract Background Local control is essential for the successful treatment of pediatric solid tumors. Complete excision is often not possible and local control therapies are limited. Intracavitary cisplatin (IC-CDDP) may be utilized to supplement local control. The aim of the study was to determine the toxicity and efficacy of locally instilled intracavitary cisplatin in patients with recurrent tumors in closed body cavities. Procedure From 2001 to 2009, 12 patients (1,20 years) with recurrent or unresectable malignant tumors were treated with IC-CDDP. Nine had pulmonary lesions. Three patients had abdominal tumors. CDDP (200,mg/m2) was instilled by chest tube or Tenckhoff catheter. Patients were shifted every 15,30,min to allow distribution. After 4,hr, residual was drained by gravity. In 10/13 courses, sodium thiosulfate (STS) was administered to prevent nephrotoxicity. Three other patients received amifostine. Results Malignant pleural effusions resolved in 5/7 patients. This response was temporary in three patients. No patients had ascites prior to treatment. Three patients are alive and disease-free, 18 months, 4 years, and 6 years from treatment. They also had surgery and chemotherapy. Transient renal toxicity was noted in most patients. One patient, treated with amifostine, had persistent renal dysfunction. Conclusions IC-CDDP was effective in treating malignant pleural effusions and may be a palliative option for refractory disease. Long-term survival was achieved in two patients, treated at first diagnosis. The benefit of IC-CDDP in these patients is difficult to assess. Renal dysfunction is usually mild, and typically resolves, but warrants preventive measures with IC-CDDP therapy. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;55:452,456. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

HER2 and tau expression as potential markers for response and survival to first line taxane plus cisplatin therapy in non-small cell lung cancer

ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY, Issue 4 2009
Byoung Yong SHIM
Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the role of various HER2, tau and bcl2 as prognostic markers of responsiveness to taxane and cisplatin therapy in patients with advanced NSCLC. Methods: Amplification of HER2 gene determined by chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) and HER2, tau and bcl2 protein expression determined by immunohistochemistry were assessed in 49 patients with NSCLC enrolled in our four clinical trials of taxane plus cisplatin chemotherapy. Results: The patients were classified as responders or non-responders, a negative tau expression was associated with a significantly higher rate of response compared to a positive tau expression (OR 3.33, 95% CI 1.01,10.97, P = 0.043). Patients with more than stable disease compared to those with progressive disease showed that negative amplification of the HER2 gene was associated with a significantly higher rate of disease control compared to positive amplification (OR 7.35, 95% CI 0.83,65.21, P = 0.048). Furthermore, HER2 gene amplification was strongly associated with the overall survival: 20 months (95% CI 9.007,30.993) in patients with negative amplification of the HER2 gene versus 12 months (95% CI 6.584,17.416) in patients with positive amplification of the HER2 gene (P = 0.040). A multivariate analysis with the Cox proportional hazards model confirmed that HER2 gene amplification was a significant independent prognostic factor with a hazard ratio of 2.334 (95% CI 1.060,5.142, P = 0.035). Conclusion: Tau protein expression and HER2 gene amplification are the prognostic factors in NSCLC patients treated with a taxane and cisplatin combination. [source]

6-Gingerol prevents cisplatin-induced acute renal failure in rats

BIOFACTORS, Issue 3 2006
Anurag Kuhad
Abstract Background: Nephrotoxicity is a major complication and a dose limiting factor for cisplatin therapy. Recent evidence suggests that enhanced oxidative stress caused by oxygen-centered free radicals may contribute to the pathogenesis of cisplatin-induced acute renal failure. 6-Gingerol is claimed to be a potent antioxidant. The present study was performed to explore the renoprotective potential of 6-gingerol on cisplatin-induced oxidative stress and renal dysfunction. Methods: 6-Gingerol in dosages of 12.5, 25, 50 mg/kg was administered 2 days before and 3 days after cisplatin administration. Renal injury was assessed by measuring serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, urea clearance and serum nitrite levels. Renal oxidative stress was assessed by determining renal malondialdehyde levels, reduced glutathione levels and enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase. Results: A single dose of cisplatin resulted in marked renal oxidative and nitrosative stress and significantly deranged renal functions. 6-Gingerol treatment significantly and dose-dependently restored renal functions, reduced lipid peroxidation and enhanced the levels of reduced glutathione and activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase. Conclusions: The present study demonstrates the renoprotective potential of 6-gingerol against cisplatin-induced oxidative stress and renal dysfunction in rats. Hence, 6-gingerol has a potential to be used as therapeutic adjuvant in cisplatin nephrotoxicity. [source]