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Kinds of Chief Terms modified by Chief Selected AbstractsAn efficient method for solving the nonuniqueness problem in acoustic scatteringINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING, Issue 11 2006A. Mohsen Abstract The problem of acoustic wave scattering by closed objects via second kind integral equations, is considered. Based on, combined Helmholtz integral equation formulation (CHIEF) method, an efficient method for choosing and utilizing interior field relations is suggested for solving the non- uniqueness problem at the characteristic frequencies. The implementation of the algorithm fully utilizes previous computation and thus significantly reduces the CPU time compared to the usual least-squares treatment. The method is tested for acoustic wave scattering by both acoustically hard and soft spheres. Accurate results compared to the known exact solutions are obtained. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Note from the Editor,in,ChiefDIPLOMATIC HISTORY, Issue 1 2003Article first published online: 4 FEB 200 No abstract is available for this article. [source] Note From the Editor,in,ChiefDIPLOMATIC HISTORY, Issue 4 2002Robert D. Schulzinger No abstract is available for this article. [source] "All Hayle to Hatfeild": A New Series of Country House Poems from Leeds University Library, Brotherton Collection, MS Lt q 44 [with text]ENGLISH LITERARY RENAISSANCE, Issue 2 2008Tom Lockwood Presented here in semi-diplomatic transcription of a newly discovered poem from Leeds University Library, Brotherton Collection MS Lt q 44, "All Hayle to Hatfield" is composed of a sequence of eight unattributed poems (one in two parts), addresses the family of William Cecil, 2nd Earl of Salisbury (1591,1668), and describes in detail one of their residences, Hatfield House. Probably composed between July 1625 and April 1627, the sequence of poems appears never to have been printed and may, since it is not listed in the first-line indexes of the Beinecke, Bodleian, Folger and Huntington libraries, be unique to this manuscript. This essay briefly introduces the sequence of poems in relation to their local, political, and literary contexts. Chief among such contexts are Hatfield House, its gardens and its chapel; the essay argues that the relationship of the poems to questions of religion, ceremony, and the Duke of Buckingham allows them to be read in the context of mid-1620s political debate. Consolidating this reading, it is argued that the sequence's frequent allusions to Ben Jonson's poem "To Penshurst" and his masque, The Gypsies Metamorphosed, potentially align its literary sources with its political contexts. [source] Good Campers: The History of Australian War ReportingHISTORY COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 10 2010Fay Anderson When the Chief of British Intelligence told Australia's First Official War Correspondent, C.E.W Bean in October 1914 that war reporters were a ,dying profession', Bean recorded in his diary that on the contrary, he thought it was the beginning of a new era. Bean proved prescient. Since 1863 Australia has had over 750 journalists, photographers and cinematographers covering international conflicts. Despite this tradition, the history of Australian conflict reporting has been neglected by historians. This article will provide an overview of the Australian historiography and the corresponding scholarship in the US and UK. It will also consider seminal issues such as censorship, the mythology and self-mythology surrounding war reporting, media power and the Anzac legend. [source] A note from the President of the International Society of Dermatology and the Editor in ChiefINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 2007Ramón Ruiz-Maldonado MD No abstract is available for this article. [source] KEYNOTE ADDRESS Ku80-deletion causes early ageing and suppresses cancerJOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND NUTRITION, Issue 2 2009P. Hasty Ageing is widespread cellular decline resulting in a loss of fitness that is both pleiotropic and stochastic and influenced by both genetics and environment. As a result the fundamental underling causes of ageing are diverse and controversial. One potential ageing target is nuclear DNA, as it is a permanent blueprint that controls cellular processes. Thus, DNA replication and genome maintenance are highly regulated events that ensure faithful reproduction and maintenance of the blueprint and these pathways assure sufficient longevity for reproduction and survival of the species. As a consequence, imperfections or defects in maintaining the genome may contribute to ageing. Therefore, genome maintenance pathways are longevity-assurance mechanisms that sustain an organism long enough to reproduce and propagate. Chief among these mechanisms are those that respond to damaged DNA. There are two basics responses to genomic damage: DNA repair and cell cycle checkpoints. Both are considered to be tumour suppressors and are categorized as either caretakers or gatekeepers, respectively. Interestingly, observations of human and mouse pre-mature ageing models suggest these anti-tumour pathways impact the ageing process. Caretakers suppress cancer by repairing DNA damage caused by defects in replication or by a variety of agents including endogenously produced reactive by-products of oxygen metabolism and exogenous agents naturally encountered in our environment. As a consequence DNA is subject to a variety of insults that cause a diverse range of lesions and phenotypic outcomes. There are many forms of DNA damage including base lesions and double-strand breaks (DSBs) with the latter being more toxic. Cancer-causing chromosomal rearrangements may result if DSBs are not repaired properly. Additionally, an accumulation of these rearrangements may contribute to ageing since they increase in some cell types as humans and mice age. Furthermore, early ageing models suggest that defects in repairing DSBs lead to early ageing in humans and mice. Non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) is an important pathway for repairing DNA DSBs and is considered a caretaker. The Ku heterodimer (composed of Ku70 and Ku80) binds to DNA ends to initiate NHEJ, and defects in either Ku70 or Ku80 lead to increased levels of DNA DSBs and chromosomal rearrangements, leading many to believe Ku is a caretaker. Ku-mutant mice display increased GCRs, but without increased cancer. Instead, these mice show early ageing and shortened life span. Thus, Ku's role as a caretaker is uncertain as the low cancer levels may be due to Ku80-deletion or, instead, the low cancer levels may simply be a consequence of the shortened life span that prohibits sufficient time for tumours to develop. Gatekeepers respond to DNA damage by halting the cell cycle long enough for the DNA to be repaired. If the damage is irreparable, gatekeepers induce either apoptosis or senescence. These responses are deleterious to the cell but protect the organism from cancer as one potential outcome of genetic mutations is uncontrolled proliferation. p53 is critical for checkpoints and is the best-known gatekeeper because it is mutated in over half of all cancers. In addition, p53 activity influences many aspects of the Ku-mutant phenotype suggesting that Ku-deletion leads to persistent p53-mediated responses and presenting the possibility that low cancer levels and early ageing are caused by elevated gatekeeper responses. Our hypothesis is that Ku-mutant mice exhibit low cancer levels and, perhaps, ageing due to persistent p53-mediated responses to inefficiently repaired DNA. To test this hypothesis, Ku80-mutant mice were crossed to cancer-prone mice with either non-functional or functional gatekeeper responses. Ku80-mutant mice were crossed to p53-mutant mice to determine if Ku80-deletion exacerbates oncogenesis when gatekeeper responses are diminished. Ku80-mutant mice deleted for p53 exhibit early onset and high levels of two forms of cancer: pro-B cell lymphoma and medulloblastoma, thus supporting the hypothesis. Ku80-mutant mice were also crossed to APCMIN mice to determine if Ku80-deletion ameliorates oncogenesis gatekeeper responses are intact. APCMIN mice exhibit high levels of intestinal adenomas and adenocarcinomas but have normal p53-mediated responses to DNA damage. APCMIN mice, deleted for Ku80, exhibit about 67% fewer tumours than APCMIN mice with Ku80. Thus, deletion of Ku80 suppresses tumour formation, again supporting the hypothesis. Ku80-mutant cells and tissues were tested for p53-mediated DNA damage responses, levels of DNA damage, and mutations. Ku80-mutant fibroblasts exhibit elevated levels of p53-mediated DNA damage responses that increase p21-mediated cellular senescence. In addition, there are elevated levels DNA damage as seen by increased 53BP1 foci and elevated levels of chromosomal rearrangements. Thus, these data support the hypothesis that Ku80-deletion reduces tumors by elevating DNA damage gatekeeper responses to inefficiently repaired DNA. These data also support the possibility that the Ku80-mutant ageing phenotype is also due to elevated gatekeeper responses. [source] KENYA: Anti-Graft Chief ResignsAFRICA RESEARCH BULLETIN: ECONOMIC, FINANCIAL AND TECHNICAL SERIES, Issue 9 2009Article first published online: 2 NOV 200 No abstract is available for this article. [source] Liberia: Oil Refinery Chief SackedAFRICA RESEARCH BULLETIN: ECONOMIC, FINANCIAL AND TECHNICAL SERIES, Issue 8 2009Article first published online: 1 OCT 200 No abstract is available for this article. [source] How to Treat Hypertension in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease disease.JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPERTENSION, Issue 5 2008Marvin Moser MD Following a hypertension symposium in Los Angeles in October 2007, a panel was convened to discuss how to treat hypertension in patients with coronary artery disease or with evidence of multiple major risk factors for coronary heart disease. Marvin Moser, MD, Clinical Professor of Medicine at the Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, moderated the discussion. Jackson T. Wright Jr, MD, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Program Director of William T. Dahms Clinical Research, and Director of the Clinical Hypertension Program at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Ronald G. Victor, MD, Professor and Division Chief, Hypertension, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; and Joel Handler, MD, Hypertension Lead, Care Management Institute, Kaiser Permanente, Anaheim, CA, participated in the discussion. [source] Farewell from the Editor in ChiefJOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH, Issue 1p2 2010Peretz Lavie Editor in Chief No abstract is available for this article. [source] Laser plasma EUV sources for Lithography , Diode pump technology offers new applicationsLASER TECHNIK JOURNAL, Issue 2 2005Martin Richardson The study of high-temperature plasmas produced by pulsed laser systems has for a long time been associated with esoteric applications such as laser fusion, x-ray lasers, space propulsion and the like. There are several reasons for this, but one practical reason was simply that the lasers required to produce these plasmas were large, unwieldy and generally singleshot devices (at least minutes between shots). This technology did not lend itself towards applications that were compact, reproducible and potentially automated. However, this is now no longer the case. High-power diode pump technology has transformed the architecture of solid state lasers, reducing by many factors the required thermal dissipation, and therefore allowing higher repetition rates. Coupled with more compact designs and reduced costs, commercial applications of high-power pulsed lasers, and even laserproduced plasmas are now emerging. Chief among the applications of laser plasmas is now its potential as a light source for what is now called Extreme UV Lithography, or EUVL. [source] McDowell on Kant: Redrawing the Bounds of SenseMETAPHILOSOPHY, Issue 4 2000Christopher Norris John McDowell's Mind and World is a notable attempt to redirect the interest of analytic philosophers toward certain themes in Kantian and more recent continental thought. Only thus, he believes, can we move beyond the various failed attempts , by Quine, Davidson, Rorty, and others , to achieve a naturalised epistemology that casts off the various residual "dogmas" of old-style logical empiricism. In particular, McDowell suggests that we return to Kant's ideas of "spontaneity" and "receptivity" as the two jointly operative powers of mind which enable thought to transcend the otherwise unbridgeable gulf between sensuous intuitions and concepts of understanding. However, this project miscarries for several reasons. Chief among them is the highly problematical nature of Kant's claims, taken over by McDowell without reference to their later treatment at the hands of subjective and objective idealists. Hence he tends to fall back into different versions of the same mind/world dualism. I then question McDowell's idea that Kant can be "naturalised" by reinterpreting those claims from a more hermeneutic or communitarian standpoint with its sources in Hegel, Wittgenstein, and Gadamer. For the result is to deprive Kant's philosophy of its distinctively critical dimension not only with regard to epistemological issues but also in relation to matters of ethical and sociopolitical judgement. [source] Two Essays: Chief and Greed by Edmund S. CarpenterMUSEUM ANTHROPOLOGY, Issue 1 2009NEAL B. KEATING [source] T-AKE: Acquiring the Environmentally Sound Ship of the 21st CenturyNAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL, Issue 3 2006Cdr. Stephen P. Markle USN (Ret.) P.E. Department of Defense (DoD) program managers are increasingly challenged with the difficulties of balancing the risks associated with cost, schedule, and performance in an era of intense competition for increasingly scarce resources. Requirements associated with environmental, safety, and health (ESH), in the context of thirty to forty-year service lives, have not been consistently, or in some cases adequately, addressed in DoD programs. Environmental protection (EP) requirements generally do not fit the normal requirements generation and product synthesis model typically applied to weapon system development. As with all requirements, early identification is the key to integration into the total system. Recognition that EP requirements must be integrated at program conception led to development of the ESH Integration Model by the U.S. Navy Lewis and Clark (T-AKE) Auxiliary Cargo Ammunition Ship Program. Institutionalization of this model has enabled the T-AKE Program to establish EP performance requirements for the twelve-ship class that substantially reduce the environmental footprint of the Navy. Compared to the fifteen ships that it will be replacing, T-AKE will require fifty percent less manning and reduce waste streams by seventy percent enabling an annual life cycle cost savings of $5M in ashore waste disposal costs. The T-AKE Program has been the first to achieve the Chief of Naval Operations vision for the "Environmentally Sound Warship of the 21st Century" through design integration of EP requirements. [source] Retracted: Antiaging effect of purslane herb aqueous extracts and its mechanism of ActionPHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH, Issue 9 2009Huang Hao The following article from Phytotherapy Research, Antiaging effect of purslane herb aqueous extracts and its mechanism of Action by Huang Hao, Yu Nancai, Fu Lei, Su Wen, Huang Guofu, Wu Yanxia, Huang Hanju, Liu Qian published online on 15th April 2009 in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com) has been retracted by agreement between the journal Editor in Chief, Elizabeth Williamson and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The retraction has been agreed due to overlap with the following article: Zhang Hongxing, Yu Nancai, Huang Guofu, Shao Jianbo, Wu Yanxia, Huang Hanju, Liu Qian, Ma Wei, Yi Yandong and Huang Hao. Neuroprotective effects of purslane herb aquenous extracts against d-galactose induced neurotoxicity. Chemico-Biological Interactions 170: 3, pp.145-152. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Portrait of a Chief between Past and Present: Memory at Work in Colonial and Postcolonial GambiaPOLAR: POLITICAL AND LEGAL ANTHROPOLOGY REVIEW, Issue 2 2002Alice Bellagamba First page of article [source] From the Editor in ChiefPOLICY STUDIES JOURNAL, Issue 4 2002Article first published online: 6 JUL 200 No abstract is available for this article. [source] From the Editor in ChiefPOLICY STUDIES JOURNAL, Issue 3 2002Article first published online: 6 JUL 200 No abstract is available for this article. [source] From the Editor in ChiefPOLICY STUDIES JOURNAL, Issue 2 2002Article first published online: 6 JUL 200 No abstract is available for this article. [source] Spinner in Chief: How Presidents Sell Their Policies and Themselves , By Stephen J. FarnsworthPRESIDENTIAL STUDIES QUARTERLY, Issue 4 2009Charles Bierbauer No abstract is available for this article. [source] "So that's what that is": Examining the impact of analogy on consumers' knowledge development for really new productsPSYCHOLOGY & MARKETING, Issue 6 2002Jennifer Gregan-Paxton The ever-accelerating pace of technological change has heralded an increasing number of new product introductions involving products that defy classification within existing categories. With the advent of these so-called "really new products," new questions about the influence of prior knowledge on consumer learning emerge. Chief among these is whether and to what extent prior knowledge plays a role in the comprehension of such products. Applying analogical learning theory to address this question, this investigation presents evidence indicating that analogy provides an effective link to the structural knowledge needed for consumers to learn about truly novel innovations. Reflecting this, subjects who engaged in analogical processing of new product information were more focused in their processing than subjects who processed the same information in the absence of analogy. Moreover, there was evidence to suggest that analogical processing itself results in the generation of positive affect. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] Drafting the BOLERO PlanPUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REVIEW, Issue 6 2009Gene A. Brewer Editor This year marks the sixty-fifth anniversary of the D-Day invasion, when Allied forces crossed the English Channel and established beachheads along a 50-mile stretch of the Normandy coast in northern France. Troops overcame stiff resistance and systematically moved inland, liberating Northern Europe and forcing the surrender of Germany and the end of World War II in that part of the world. The D-Day invasion took place on June 6, 1944, but its planning began more than two years earlier. This case studies the strategic planning that led up to the invasion. The Operations Division of the War Department General Staff, formerly known as the War Plans Division, was the principal staff agency of the U.S. Army high command during World War II. The story focuses on the Operations Division's role in formulating a strategic plan for ending the war as well as Operation BOLERO,the American military troop buildup in Great Britain that preceded the cross-channel invasion. By reprinting this case from the original U.S. Army historical record, PAR pays tribute to the brave men and women who planned and executed this bold maneuver, many of whom paid the ultimate price to achieve victory and restore freedom. Popularized as the "Greatest Generation," they were ordinary people who answered the call of public service with extraordinary bravery and sacrifice. Members of the modern-day public administration community proudly stand on their shoulders. This chapter-length excerpt is taken from Ray S. Cline, Washington Command Post: The Operations Division (Washington, DC: Office of the Chief of Military History, Department of the Army, 1951), chapter IX, "Case History: Drafting the BOLERO Plan," pp. 143,63. [source] Aristotle's Introduction to the Problem of Happiness: On Book I of the Nicomachean EthicsAMERICAN JOURNAL OF POLITICAL SCIENCE, Issue 3 2008Robert C. Bartlett The study of Book I of the Nicomachean Ethics is useful today in part because it deals with a question,the nature of human happiness,whose relevance is obvious. But in dealing with that question, Book I compels us to raise difficulties for ourselves that, far from being obvious, are in danger of being forgotten. Chief among these difficulties are, first, the true character of our hope for happiness and, ultimately, the necessity of there being a kind of divine providence if that hope is to be realized. Inasmuch as we still long for happiness, we must still undergo the pull of that necessity, however distant it may appear to us to be. In bringing out our deepest concern in this way, the study of the first book of the Ethics also prepares us to become serious students of Aristotle's "philosophy of human matters" as a whole, which is concerned with the reality of providence because it is concerned with the possibility of philosophy as a way of life. [source] Percutaneous Tracheostomy: Don't Beat Them, Join Them,THE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 9 2004D Russ Blankenship MD Abstract Objectives: The introduction of percutaneous tracheostomy (PercTrach) has resulted in tension over the scope of practice between otolaryngologists and pulmonary/critical care (PCC) specialists. We sought to determine the value of a collaborative approach to the performance of PercTrach at the bedside in the intensive care unit setting. Study Design and Methods: A retrospective study of consecutive patients who underwent bedside PercTrach at the Medical College of Georgia between May of 2003 and November of 2003. All cases were performed in conjunction with the PCC team, which typically provided bronchoscopic guidance during the performance of the procedure, whereas the PercTrach was performed by the otolaryngology team, although these roles were occasionally reversed. In all cases, the PercTrach was performed using the Ciaglia Blue Rhino introducer set. Results: Twenty-three patients (12 males, 11 females) with a mean age of 47.6 ± 14.3 (range 23,65) years underwent PercTrach. The procedural times ranged from 7 to 21 minutes, with a mean of 13.9 ± 4.4 minutes; this represented 9.6 minutes on average to insert the tracheostomy tube and an additional 4.3 minutes to completely secure the tracheostomy tube. The time interval from consultation to PercTrach was less than 24 hours in 16 of 23 cases (overall mean time to PercTrach = 41.7 ± 37.1 hours), with delays beyond 24 hours related in most instances to patient stability. Conclusion: A multidisciplinary approach to PercTrach results in a number of clinical and educational benefits. Chief among these benefits is a rapid, cost-effective response to requests for elective tracheostomy. Practicing otolaryngologists with a prior bias against this approach (as we had) should reconsider adopting this revised procedure. [source] Matters of Morality: The Case of a Former Khmer Rouge Village ChiefANTHROPOLOGY & HUMANISM, Issue 1 2009Eve Monique Zucker SUMMARY In a Khmer village located in Cambodia's southwest, an elderly man is blamed for the executions of his neighbors and extended kin. He is said to have killed these people when he worked as the village chief under the Khmer Rouge in the early 1970s. Using interviews and conversations with this man and others in his community, as well as observations and archival research, I speculatively examine villagers' accounts of the morality of his actions as a former Khmer Rouge village chief. [source] Cancer claims CSIRO ChiefAUSTRALIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL, Issue 3 2000Article first published online: 10 MAR 200 No abstract is available for this article. [source] This article has been retracted: Safety Pharmacology, Acute Toxicity and Pharmacokinetics of SCP-123 and AcetaminophenBASIC AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY, Issue 2 2010Donna J. Millington The following article from Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, ,Safety Pharmacology, Acute Toxicity and Pharmacokinetics of SCP-123 and Acetaminophen' by Donna J. Millington, Cristina Villanueva, Jason Obirek, Jean Kaufman and Christopher Smith, published online on 12 April 2010 (DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2010.00562.x) in Wiley InterScience (http://www.interscience.wiley.com), has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the journal Editor in Chief, Kim Brřsen, and John Wiley and Sons A/S. The retraction has been agreed due to incorrect author affiliation. [source] Retracted: Determination of dextra,methylprednisolone conjugate with glycine linker in rat plasma and liver by high-performance liquid chromatography and its application in pharmacokineticsBIOMEDICAL CHROMATOGRAPHY, Issue 4 2010Shuang-Qing Zhang The following article from Biomedical Chromatography, Determination of dextra-methylprednisolone conjugate with glycine linker in rat plasma and liver by high-performance liquid chromatography and its application in pharmacokinetics by Shuang-Qing Zhang and Reza Mehvar, published online on June 1st 2009 in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com), has been retracted by agreement between the journal Editor in Chief, Dr Chang Kee Lim and John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. The retraction has been agreed as the research article was submitted without Dr. Mehvar's knowledge or consent. [source] Retraction: Blockage of intracellular proton extrusion with proton pump inhibitor induces apoptosis in gastric cancerCANCER SCIENCE, Issue 1 2008Marie Yeo The following article from Cancer Science, ,Blockage of intracellular proton extrusion with proton pump inhibitor induces apoptosis in gastric cancer' by Marie Yeo, Dong-Kyu Kim, Hee Jin Park, Sung Won Cho, Jae Youn Cheong and Kwang Jae Lee (doi: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2007.00642.x), published online on 23 October 2007 on Blackwell Synergy (http://www.blackwell-synergy.com), has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the journal Editor in Chief, Takashi Tsuruo, and Blackwell Publishing. All authors wish to retract this paper because of the use of RGM-1 without the prior permission of the original establisher. Proton pump inhibitors have been used for treatment of acid-related gastroesophageal diseases and they act as potent inhibitors of gastric acid pump, H+/K+ -ATPase. Since cancer cells in vivo often exist in an ischemic microenvironment with a lower pH, maintenance of cellular pH is important for cell survival. In this study, we evaluated whether blocking of proton extrusion with proton pump inhibitors could inhibit the viability of gastric cancer cells. Treatment of human gastric cancer cells with proton pump inhibitors significantly attenuated cell viability in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The pro-apoptotic activity of proton pump inhibitors was mediated by release of cytochrome c and caspases activation. Gastric cancer cells showed the resistance to acidity of culture medium, which was related with a remarkable increase of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation in the acidic condition. This ERK1/2 phosphorylation was completely inhibited by pretreatment with proton pump inhibitors, suggesting that its inhibitory action on phosphorylation of ERK1/2 might contribute to the induction of apoptosis in gastric cancer cells. In conclusion, our results suggest novel therapeutic approaches for gastric cancer with proton pump inhibitors. (Cancer Sci 2008; 99: 185,185) [source] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||