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Academic Study (academic + study)
Selected AbstractsAcademic Study, College Examinations, and Stress: Issues in the Interpretation of Cardiovascular Reactivity Assessments With Student Participants,JOURNAL OF APPLIED BIOBEHAVIORAL RESEARCH, Issue 1 2004Brian M. Hughes Stress arising from academic performance affects many college students. Moreover, students account for the majority of participants in cardiovascular reactivity research. The current research comprised three brief experiments investigating different aspects of student samples. In Experiment 1, students' (n = 30) academic fear of failure was found to be negatively correlated with systolic blood pressure reactivity. In Experiment 2, students' (n= 13) blood pressure was found to be significantly elevated 2 weeks before college examinations, compared with postexamination levels. Finally, in Experiment 3, students' (n = 19) examination performance was positively correlated with preexamination cardiovascular reactivity. These findings suggest specific college-related factors that influence the cardiovascular stress response in students and, therefore, should aid the interpretation of much research conducted in cardiovascular health psychology. [source] Kabbalah: A Medieval Tradition and Its Contemporary AppealHISTORY COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 2 2008Hava Tirosh-Samuelson Popular culture today is suffused with kabbalah, an elitist, intellectual strand of medieval Judaism that claimed to disclose the esoteric meaning of the rabbinic tradition. While rooted in esoteric speculations in late antiquity, kabbalah emerged in the tenth century as an internal debate among Jewish theologians about the ontological status of divine attributes. At the end of the twelfth century speculations about the nature of God emerged among the Pietists of Germany and the ,masters of kabbalah' in Provence. During the thirteenth century kabbalah flourished in Spain where its self-understanding as redemptive activity was expressed in two paradigms , the ,theosophy-theurgic' and the ,ecstatic-prophetic'. Kabbalah continued to evolve in the early modern period, shaping both Jewish and European cultures. The modern period saw the rise of the academic study of kabbalah, but it was employed in two conflicting manners: in the nineteenth century scholars associated with the Enlightenment used historical analysis of kabbalah to debunk Jewish traditionalism, but in the first half of the twentieth century, the academic study of kabbalah was used to generate a secular, collective Zionist identity. Although scholarship on kabbalah has flourished in the twentieth century, kabbalah has become a variant of New-Age religions, accessible to all, regardless of ethnic identity or spiritual readiness. [source] Issues and Challenges of Emigration Dynamics in Developing CountriesINTERNATIONAL MIGRATION, Issue 4 2001A.A. Afolayan This article is a theory-based attempt to present the issues and challenges of emigration dynamics in developing countries. The topic is discussed within several basic assumptions: first, that emigration dynamics in developing countries have certain features that are different from those in developed countries; second, that countries in the regions covered by the study (sub-Saharan Africa, Central America and the Caribbean, and South Asia) are representative of developing countries. The article has been considerably facilitated by two recently concluded and reported projects: the IOM/UNFPA project, "Emigration dynamics in developing countries: sub-Saharan Africa, Central America and the Caribbean, and South Asia"(Appleyard, 1998, 1999), and the UAP/CEIFO project on "International migration in and from Africa: dimensions, challenges and prospects"(Adepoju and Hammar, 1996). Any serious academic study of emigration dynamics in developing countries must acknowledge these landmark scholarly studies if they hope to advance understanding of the essential features of emigration dynamics in developing countries. A prime objective of the present article is to focus attention on aspects of the emigration process that will enable policy makers to utilize emigration for development, especially through national and international cooperation at regional and global levels. The article is predicated upon the need for a theory or model of emigration dynamics in developing countries that meets both internal and external dimensions. The adequacy of such a theory can be measured at three different levels: observation, description and explanation (Chomsky, 1965). [source] Programme-related stressors among part-time undergraduate nursing studentsJOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING, Issue 1 2005Honor Nicholl BSc MEd RN RSCN RM RCT RNT PGDipG&C AdDip Teaching Studies Aim., The aim of this paper is to report a study exploring the perceived stressors identified by a group of 70 students who undertook a part-time degree at one Irish university. Background., In the literature on stress, part-time nursing students who are undertaking continuing education programmes appear to have received little attention. Stress amongst nurses is evident within the nursing literature but little information is available on the specific stressors that affect Registered Nurses who undertake further academic study. Anecdotally, students attending part-time programmes while working full-time report high levels of stress. Method., Quantitative methods were used. While many instruments exist to measure overall stress, this study aimed to explore student's perceptions of specific stressors associated with academic study. We used a questionnaire developed from the literature on the topic. Results., Factors related to writing assignments at degree level, fulfilling personal needs and academic demands, were perceived as major stressors by these students. Factors of little concern were financial issues and attendance on the programme. Individual items receiving highest mean scores were: trying to balance work commitments and the required study (mean 3·89, sd = 1) and the prospect of the final examination (mean 3·86, sd = 1). This study was limited by the use of convenience sampling and self-report methods. Larger studies are required to support the findings. In addition, student stress was not observed or measured. Conclusion., Those involved in the delivery of nurse education programmes to part-time students need to consider the impact of the workload on student welfare, and to prepare students for demands of the programme. [source] Emotional intelligence: a vital prerequisite for recruitment in nursingJOURNAL OF NURSING MANAGEMENT, Issue 6 2001C. Cadman MED This paper explores Goleman's (1996) concept of ,emotional intelligence' in relation to recruitment to preregistration nurse education programmes. Current studies consistently demonstrate that emotional intelligence is the common factor which marks out individuals as leaders, innovators and effective managers. The role of the qualified nurse is evolving continually and ,portable' skills are the key qualities demanded by a health care system under pressure to compete. These include the ability to work effectively in teams, the ability to recognize and respond appropriately to one's own and others' feelings and the ability to motivate oneself and others. They are collectively termed ,emotional intelligence'. We believe we need selection processes that will determine levels of emotional intelligence in prospective candidates, as they could be a reliable predictor of success in both clinical nursing practice and academic study. Research indicates that emotional intelligence cannot be developed quickly enough through interpersonal skills training and therefore it is essential that nurse educators create assessment strategies that will identify emotional intelligence at recruitment. [source] Stigma, Community, Ethnography: Joan Ablon's Contribution to the Anthropology of Impairment-DisabilityMEDICAL ANTHROPOLOGY QUARTERLY, Issue 2 2004RUSSELL P. SHUTTLEWORTH Joan Ablon has helped establish the anthropology of impairment-disability and significantly contributed to the role of anthropology in disability studies. In this article, we review the development of and situate Ablon's ethnographic research in the anthropology of impairment-disability. We then address various methodological issues in her work including her ethnographic approach, her grounding in action anthropology and her support for the development of the academic study of disability in anthropology and the careers of disabled anthropologists. The next section of the article examines Ablon's use of the notion of stigma, her understanding of community, and her engagement with disability rights. As examples of themes important to disability studies, we present her discussion of the implications of the ideal of the body beautiful, and gender differences in negotiating intimacy for people with physical differences. We close with a discussion of the future of an anthropology of impairment-disability. [disability, impairment, Ablon, genetics, ethnography] [source] Gendered Geographies of Environmental InjusticeANTIPODE, Issue 4 2009Susan Buckingham Abstract:, As environmental justice concerns become more widely embedded in environmental organizations and policymaking, and increasingly the focus of academic study, the gender dimension dissolves into an exclusive focus on race/ethnicity and class/income. While grassroots campaigning activities were often dominated by women, in the more institutionalized activities of organizations dominated by salaried professionals, gender inequality is neglected as a vector of environmental injustice, and addressing this inequality is not considered a strategy for redress. This paper explores some of the reasons why this may be so, which include a lack of visibility of gendered environmental injustice; professional campaigning organizations which are themselves gender blind; institutions at a range of scales which are still structured by gender (as well as class and race) inequalities; and an intellectual academy which continues to marginalize the study of gender,and women's,inequality. The authors draw on experience of environmental activism, participant observation, and other qualitative research into the gendering of environmental activity, to first explore the constructions of scale to see how this might limit a gender-fair approach to environmental justice. Following this, the practice of "gender mainstreaming" in environmental organizations and institutions will be examined, demonstrating how this is limited in scope and fails to impact on the gendering of environmental injustice. [source] Misadventures of a Style: Romanesque art and the Druids in eighteenth-century FranceART HISTORY, Issue 5 2003Robert A. Maxwell At a time when Romanesque art scarcely interested French academicians, a certain group of twelfth-century buildings and sculptures attracted a great deal of attention from a handful of antiquarians. Uncertain of what to make of an octagonal chapel at Montmorillon, the antiquarian Bernard de Montfaucon assigned it to Gaul's pagan priests, the Druids. He developed a complex iconographic history around this chapel, and other scholars after him followed his lead by identifying as pagan a score of other twelfth-century structures. This essay explores how the case of mistaken identity intersected with the gradual acceptance in academic study of Romanesque architecture. Consideration of antiquarian methodology, with its categories of knowledge inflected by notions of race and nationalism, sheds light on the pre-history of Romanesque research and on the interpretive tools employed for medieval art's early study. [source] | |||||||||||||