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Chlorhexidine Rinse (chlorhexidine + rinse)
Selected AbstractsOral health care for pregnant and postpartum womenINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DENTAL HYGIENE, Issue 3 2003M. Perno Goldie Abstract Pregnancy may pose a number of concerns to the mother and the foetus. This can include systemic and oral issues that effect health. Transmission of caries-causing bacteria is one problem that can be minimized by utilizing simple, cost-effective measures. Chlorhexidine rinses and xylitol containing chewing gum will be discussed as possible solutions to this tremendous public health problem. [source] A method to study sustained antimicrobial activity of rinse and dentifrice components on biofilm viability in vivoJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 1 2006H. C. Van Der Mei Abstract Aim: To develop an improved method for quantitative assessment of antimicrobial efficacy and substantivity of mouth rinses and dentifrices on in vivo treated plaque. Material and Methods: Nine- and 72-h-old plaques were formed in volunteers carrying out standardized hygiene using NaF-containing dentifrice. Plaques were collected before (baseline) in vivo treatment with dentifrices or chlorhexidine mouth rinse, immediately post-treatment and after 1 or 6 h, dispersed in demineralized water and stained with live/dead stain after which bacteria were enumerated. Dispersed baseline plaques were treated with dentifrices or chlorhexidine to determine antimicrobial efficacy against planktonic bacteria. Results: Baseline plaques revealed 56,41% viable organisms in 9- and 72-h-old plaques, respectively. Treatment of planktonic (dispersed baseline plaque) bacteria resulted in 1,4% viable organisms. Chlorhexidine mouth rinse and dentifrices produced strong immediate antimicrobial effects, but after 1 or 6 h, the proportion of viable organisms in 9-h-old plaques rebounded significantly with only chlorhexidine mouth rinse retaining significant efficacy. Seventy-two-hour-old plaques were less susceptible to antimicrobials, although dentifrices appeared more effective after 6 h than initially, whereas efficacy of chlorhexidine rinse continued to drop with time post-treatment. Conclusions: The proposed method holds promise for assessment of both immediate and retained antimicrobial actions of oral treatments against dental plaque in vivo. [source] Development of methods to enhance extrinsic tooth discoloration for comparison of toothpastesJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 1 20042. Two-product clinical study Abstract Background: Extrinsic staining of teeth is considered to be unsightly and a number of ,whitening' toothpastes have been formulated to inhibit or remove such tooth discoloration. The aim of this study was to compare the stain prevention of two toothpastes. Method: The study was a single-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, crossover design, balanced for residual effects involving 24 healthy dentate volunteers. The treatments were as follows: (1) a whitening toothpaste product, (2) an experimental toothpaste formulation and (3) water. For each 4-day rinse period, subjects were rendered stain free on the teeth and tongue. Approximately on the hour from 09:00 to 16:00 hours, subjects rinsed with chlorhexidine mouth rinse for 1 min followed by warm black tea for 1 min. The treatment interventions were at 09:00 and 16:00 hours and before the chlorhexidine rinse. The toothpastes were rinsed as 3 g/10 ml water slurries and water as a 10 ml rinse each for 2 min. On day 5, subjects were scored for tooth and tongue stain intensity and area, and the product of these was calculated. The washout period was at least 9 days. Results: Treatment differences for the teeth were highly significant but not for the tongue. Paired contrasts for tooth stain intensity, area and product were mostly all significantly in favour of reduced staining by the experimental formulation compared with water and the whitening product. There were no significant differences between water and the whitening product. Conclusions: Using a forced dietary staining method, the data support a tooth stain-inhibitory/-removal action for the experimental formulation, but not the whitening product. [source] Caregiver Acceptability and Preferences for Early Childhood Caries Preventive Treatments for Hispanic ChildrenJOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH DENTISTRY, Issue 4 2009Sally H. Adams RN Abstract Objective: The objective of this study was to determine caregiver treatment acceptability and preferences for five preventive dental treatments for early childhood caries in young Hispanic children. Methods: We interviewed 211 parents/caregivers of Hispanic children attending Head Start programs regarding their acceptability of, and preferences for, five standard preventive dental treatments for young children. Treatments assessed were toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste, fluoride varnish, and xylitol in food for children, and xylitol gum and chlorhexidine rinse for mothers. The interview assessment included presentation of illustrated cards with verbal description of treatment, photograph/video clip, and treatment samples. Parents rated the acceptability of each treatment (1-5 scale) and treatment preferences within each of 10 possible pairs. Individual treatment preferences were summed to create overall preference scores (range 0-4). Results: All treatments were rated as highly acceptable, however, there were differences (range 4.6-4.9; Friedman chi-square = 23.4, P < 0.001). Chlorhexidine, toothbrushing, and varnish were most acceptable, not different from each other, but more acceptable than xylitol in food (P < 0.05). Summed treatment preferences revealed greater variability (means ranged 1.4-2.6; Friedman chi-square = 128.2, P < 0.001). Fluoride varnish (2.6) and toothbrushing (2.5) were most highly preferred, and differences between preferences for xylitol in food (1.4), xylitol gum (1.5), and chlorhexidine (2.1) were all significant (P < 0.001). Preferences for chlorhexidine were also significantly greater than those for the xylitol products (P < 0.001). Conclusions: All five treatments were highly acceptable, however, when choosing among treatments overall, fluoride varnish and toothbrushing were favored over other treatments. [source] Effect of toothpaste on the plaque inhibitory properties of a cetylpyridinium chloride mouth rinseJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 3 2003S. Sheen Abstract Background and aims: Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) mouth rinses have moderate plaque inhibitory activity when used alone but rarely have shown adjunctive benefits to tooth brushing with toothpaste. Several explanations for this apparent anomaly can be proferred, including loss of antiseptic activity due to interactions with toothpaste ingredients. The aim of this study was to measure the effect of toothpaste on the plaque inhibitory properties of a CPC mouth rinse using paired rinses of CPC, toothpaste slurry (TP) and water (W). Methods: The study was a single blind, randomised, seven-treatment, cross over design balanced for residual effects, involving 21 healthy, dentate subjects. The paired rinses were: W-CPC, CPC-W, TP-CPC, CPC-TP, W-TP, TP-W and W-W. Rinsing with solutions or slurries was done for 60 s twice per day. On day 1, subjects were rendered plaque free, suspended tooth cleaning and commenced the allocated rinse regimen. On day 5, plaque was scored by index. A 2½ day wash out of normal oral hygiene was allowed between each regimen. Results: The order from lowest to highest plaque scores was as follows: W-CPC = CPC-W < CPC-TP < TP-CPC , W-TP < TP-W < W-W. Several differences in pairs of treatments were statistically significant, the most relevant of which were significantly less plaque with W-CPC compared to TP-CPC, TP-W and W-TP, and significantly more plaque with W-W compared to all other regimens except TP-W. Conclusions: Toothpaste, whilst possessing some plaque inhibitory activity, when used immediately before a CPC mouth rinse adversely affected the plaque inhibitory action of this antiseptic. This in part may explain the reported lack of adjunctive benefits of CPC rinses to normal oral hygiene practices and supports the suggestion, made for chlorhexidine rinses, that their use should follow toothpaste by at least 60 min. Zusammenfassung Die Wirkung von Zahnpasta auf die plaquehemmenden Eigenschaften einer Mundspüllösung mit Cetylpyridinium-Chlorid Grundlagen und Ziel: Cetylpyridinium-Chlorid (CPC) Mundspüllösung haben, wenn sie alleine verwendet werden, eine moderate plaquehemmende Aktivität. Es wurde jedoch selten gezeigt, dass sie zusätzlich zum Zähneputzen Vorteile haben. Mehrere Erklärungen für diese offensichtliche Anomalie können angeboten werden, einschließlich des Verlusts der antiseptischen Aktivität wegen einer Interaktion mit Inhaltstoffen der Zahnpasta. Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Wirkung der Zahnpasta auf die plaquehemmenden Eigenschaften einer CPC-Mundspüllösung zumessen. Es wurde CPC zusammen mit Zahnpasta-Lösung (TP) oder zusammen mit Wasser (W) verwendet. Methoden: Die randomisierte, einfach-blinde-Studie hatte ein 7-Behandlungs- Crossover-Design und war ausgeglichen hinsichtlich der Resteffekte. Einundzwanzig gesunde und bezahnte Personen wurden aufgenommen. Die paarweisen Spülungen waren: W-CPC, CPC-W, TP-CPC, CPC-TP, W-TP, TP-W und W-W. Die Spülungen wurden zweimal pro Tag für 60 Sekunden durchgeführt. An Tag-1 wurde bei der Teilnehmern Plaquefreiheit hergestellt, sie enthielten sich der Mundhygiene und begannen die zugewiesenen Spülungen. An Tag-5 wurde die Plaque mittels Index beurteilt. Zwischen den Spülmaßnahmen war eine 2,5-tägige Auswaschperiode mit normaler Mundhygiene erlaubt. Ergebnisse: Die Reihenfolge vom niedrigsten zum höchsten Plaquewert war W-CPC = CPC-W < CPC-TP < TP-CPC [source] Reviewing the efficacy of changing prophylactic measures for the prevention of bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) in the management of oral surgery patientsORAL SURGERY, Issue 3 2010C.J. Hanson Abstract Aims:, Many papers postulate treatments for established bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) or advise on ideal long-term strategies to avoid BRONJ. This article demonstrates prophylactic regimes and compares their outcomes when patients' acute symptoms demand active treatments involving bone. It assesses the efficacy of the protocols developed at Dundee Dental Hospital for prophylaxis of BRONJ in the management of patients undergoing oral surgery. Materials and methods:, This prospective study tracked the progress of patients who were treated in the exodontia clinics and had taken, or were taking bisphosphonates. Their consequent recovery was documented over 1, 4, 12 and 24 weeks. The prophylactic protocol followed was recorded. These data were then reviewed for healing, operator, jaw predilection and co-morbidity influences. Results:, In total, 25 patients were treated over the 1 year period of the study 2008,09. This amounted to 33 oral surgery treatments involving 64 extractions. Several protocols had been followed however these were grouped into: antimicrobial or chlorhexidine based protocols. In all cases, complete healing was achieved. Concomitant steroid use and increasing age were the only associated co-morbidities that increased the length of healing time. There were no direct associations of any of the other variables with healing. No prophylactic protocol was superior to another with chlorhexidine rinses proving as efficacious as any of the antibiotic regimes. Conclusion:, For patients taking oral bisphosphonates, simple extractions carried out with minimal trauma by graduate and supervised undergraduate operators with prophylactic chlorhexidine rinses, heal as satisfactorily as those with antibiotic based protocols for prophylaxis. [source] | ||||||||||