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Certain Similarities (certain + similarity)
Selected Abstracts99mTc-ethyl cysteinate dimer brain SPECT findings in early stage of dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease patients: a correlation with neuropsychological testsEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, Issue 1 2008C.-C. Chang We examined clinical presentations, neuropsychological findings, and perfusion patterns of 99mTc-ethyl cysteinate dimer (ECD) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in patients with early stage dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) (n = 17) and Parkinson's disease (PD) (n = 16), with age-matched healthy controls (n = 10). Seven paired regions of interest (ROIs) were drawn manually including inferior frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital, parieto-occipital junction, striatum and thalamus for semiquantitative measurement. Neuropsychological tests were applied for clinical correlation. The SPECT results showed significant hypoperfusion in DLB group in frontal, parietal, thalamus, temporal ROIs compared with controls (P < 0.01) whilst signals in temporal areas was significantly reduced compared with PD group (P < 0.05). Neuropsychological tests showed that DLB patients had deficits in mental manipulation, short-term memory, abstract thinking, drawing and semantic verbal fluencies (P < 0.05, compared with control). In addition, DLB group had lower scores than those with PD in mental manipulation, drawing and semantic verbal fluency (P < 0.05). Our study showed that even in early stages of DLB, neuropsychological and perfusion patterns were evident and may be different from PD group, despite they shared certain similarities both in neuropsychological and image findings compared with age-matched controls. [source] Similarities of stress concentrations in contact at round punches and fatigue at notches: implications to fretting fatigue crack initiationFATIGUE & FRACTURE OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES, Issue 7 2000Giannakopoulos A linear elastic model of the stress concentration due to contact between a rounded flat punch and a homogeneous substrate is presented, with the aim of investigating fretting fatigue crack initiation in contacting parts of vibrating structures including turbine engines. The asymptotic forms for the stress fields in the vicinity of a rounded punch-on-flat substrate are derived for both normal and tangential loading, using both analytical and finite element methods. Under the action of the normal load, P, the ensuing contact is of width 2b which includes an initial flat part of width 2a. The asymptotic stress fields for the sharply rounded flat punch contact have certain similarities with the asymptotic stress fields around the tip of a blunt crack. The analysis showed that the maximum tensile stress, which occurs at the contact boundary due to tangential load Q, is proportional to a mode II stress intensity factor of a sharp punch divided by the square root of the additional contact length due to the roundness of the punch, Q/(,(b,,,a),,b). The fretting fatigue crack initiation can then be investigated by relating the maximum tensile stress with the fatigue endurance stress. The result is analogous to that of Barsom and McNicol where the notched fatigue endurance stress was correlated with the stress intensity factor and the square root of the notch-tip radius. The proposed methodology establishes a ,notch analogue' by making a connection between fretting fatigue at a rounded punch/flat contact and crack initiation at a notch tip and uses fracture mechanics concepts. Conditions of validity of the present model are established both to avoid yielding and to account for the finite thickness of the substrate. The predictions of the model are compared with fretting fatigue experiments on Ti,6Al,4V and shown to be in good agreement. [source] National Cultural Influences on Knowledge Sharing: A Comparison of China and RussiaJOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES, Issue 3 2006Snejina Michailova abstract This paper presents a set of theoretical propositions regarding knowledge sharing in China and Russia. We argue that there are important national cultural similarities and differences between the two countries that result in certain similarities and differences in individual knowledge-sharing behaviour in Chinese and Russian organizations. We claim that vertical collectivism and particularistic social relations in China and Russia lead to intensive social relations among organizational members, which facilitate knowledge sharing between in-group members in organizations in both countries. We also maintain that differences in the essence of collectivism as well as in the extent of collectivism in the two cultural contexts lead to different intensities of knowledge sharing in Chinese and Russian organizations. Finally, we discuss theoretical and management implications of this research. [source] Narcissistic Subtypes and Contingent Self-Esteem: Do All Narcissists Base Their Self-Esteem on the Same Domains?JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY, Issue 4 2008Virgil Zeigler-Hill ABSTRACT It has been suggested that there are two forms of narcissism: a grandiose subtype and a vulnerable subtype. Although these forms of narcissism share certain similarities, it is believed that these subtypes may differ in the domains upon which their self-esteem is based. To explore this possibility, the present study examined the associations between these narcissistic subtypes and domain-specific contingencies of self-worth. The results show that vulnerable narcissism was positively associated with contingencies of self-worth across a variety of domains. In contrast, the associations between grandiose narcissism and domain-specific contingencies of self-worth were more complex and included both positive and negative relationships. These results provide additional support for the distinction between grandiose and vulnerable narcissism by showing that the domains of contingent self-esteem associated with grandiose narcissism may be more limited in scope than those associated with vulnerable narcissism. [source] Impact of ketone and amino on the inner shell of guanineJOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION, Issue 4 2009Quan Zhu Removal of the functional groups of guanine, i.e. ketone and amino, one by one produces model molecules of hypoxanthine, 2-aminopurine and unsubstituted purine. The impact of the ketone and amino moieties on guanine is revealed using their atomic-site-based inner-shell electronic properties and spectra. A density functional theory based model has been employed to study the model molecules. Electronic properties, such as Hirshfeld charges and inner-shell chemical shift, are found to be both site-dependent and moiety-dependent. The site-based inner-shell chemical shift of the species exhibits a simple linear correlation, although certain similarities among the model molecules regroup the species into two pairs of purine and 2-aminopurine, as well as hypoxanthine and guanine. [source] Transformations in dreaming and characters in the psychoanalytic field,THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOANALYSIS, Issue 2 2009Antonino Ferro Having reviewed certain similarities and differences between the various psychoanalytic models (historical reconstruction/development of the container and of the mind's metabolic and transformational function; the significance to be attributed to dream-type material; reality gradients of narrations; tolerability of truth/lies as polar opposites; and the form in which characters are understood in a psychoanalytic session), the author uses clinical material to demonstrate his conception of a session as a virtual reality in which the central operation is transformation in dreaming (de-construction, de-concretization, and re-dreaming), accompanied in particular by the development of this attitude in both patient and analyst as an antidote to the operations of transformation in hallucinosis that bear witness to the failure of the functions of meaning generation. The theoretical roots of this model are traced in the concept of the field and its developments as a constantly expanding oneiric holographic field; in the developments of Bion's ideas (waking dream thought and its derivatives, and the patient as signaller of the movements of the field); and in the contributions of narratology (narrative transformations and the transformations of characters and screenplays). Stress is also laid on the transition from a psychoanalysis directed predominantly towards contents to a psychoanalysis that emphasizes the development of the instruments for dreaming, feeling, and thinking. An extensive case history and a session reported in its entirety are presented so as to convey a living impression of the ongoing process, in the consulting room, of the unsaturated co-construction of an emotional reality in the throes of continuous transformation. The author also describes the technical implications of this model in terms of forms of interpretation, the countertransference, reveries, and, in particular, how the analyst listens to the patient's communications. The paper ends with an exploration of the concepts of grasping (in the sense of clinging to the known) and casting (in relation to what is as yet undefined but seeking representation and transformation) as a further oscillation of the minds of the analyst and the patient in addition to those familiar from classical psychoanalysis. [source] Patterns of positional behavior in mixed-species troops of Callimico goeldii, Saguinus labiatus, and Saguinus fuscicollis in northwestern BrazilAMERICAN JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY, Issue 1 2001P.A. Garber Abstract We present the results of a 4-month field investigation of positional behavior, vertical ranging, and species differences in limb proportions and body mass in a mixed-species troop of Saguinus fuscicollis, Saguinus labiatus, and Callimico goeldii in northwestern Brazil. Despite certain similarities in overall positional repertoire, patterns of positional behavior varied significantly between species. Travel in Callimico occurred principally in the lowest levels of the canopy, and was characterized by an exaggerated form of hindlimb-dominated bounding (bounding-hop), and leaping to and from vertical trunks (55.1% of leaps). In contrast, saddle-back tamarins traveled in the lower and middle levels of the canopy, and engaged in a range of leaping behaviors, including stationary leaps (37.3%), acrobatic leaps (31.3%), and trunk-to-trunk leaps (20%). Red-bellied tamarins exploited the highest levels of the arboreal canopy. Travel in this species was dominated by quadrupedal bounding and acrobatic leaps (67% of leaps) that began and ended on thin, flexible supports. Species differences in positional behavior correlated with species differences in limb proportions and locomotor anatomy, and provide a framework for understanding niche partitioning in mixed-species troops of Saguinus and Callimico. Am. J. Primatol. 54:17,31, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Generation and analysis of 5318 expressed sequence tags from the filamentous sporophyte of Porphyra haitanensis (Rhodophyta),JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY, Issue 6 2007Fan Xiaolei Porphyra haitanensis T. J. Chang et B. F. Zheng (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) is cultivated in China and widely consumed in Asia. To gain more insight into its physiological and biochemical properties, we generated 5318 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from the sporophyte of P. haitanensis, and upon assembling into a nonredundant set, 2535 sequences were obtained, among which only 32.2% (816) shared certain similarity with published sequences (Nr and KOG). Functional classification of such ESTs revealed that most of the transcripts were related to its conservative biological metabolism, and P. haitanensis most likely possesses cyanide-resistant respiration and a C4-like carbon-fixation pathway, both of which have never been reported in a rhodophyte before. Twenty-eight percent of the nonredundant gene clusters exhibited significant similarity to those from P. yezoensis Ueda sporophytes, and 16 genes up-regulated in P. yezoensis sporophytes were also expressed abundantly in P. haitanensis. Codon usage analysis indicated that exposure to high GC pressure might occur during evolution of P. haitanensis. These findings represent the most extensive collection of ESTs from P. haitanensis to date, and all the ESTs in this study have been submitted to GenBank (accession nos. DN604790,DN608469, EG016226,EG018540). [source] Identification of the adherent microbiota on the gills and skin of poly-cultured gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) and bluntnose black bream (Megalobrama amblycephala Yih)AQUACULTURE RESEARCH, Issue 9 2010Wenwen Wang Abstract PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) was applied to analyse the microbial community attached to the gills and skin of poly-cultured gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) and bluntnose black bream (Megalobrama amblycephala Yih) and compare these results with those detected in the rearing water. The microbiota discussed included bacteria, fungi and a specific bacterial taxa of actinomycetes was also analysed. Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and some unclassified microbiota were identified. Based on our results, we concluded that: (1) the adherent bacterial/fungal communities on the gills and skin were different from those in the rearing water, (2) the bacterial/fungal diversities on fish gills were lower than that on fish skin, (3) the adherent bacterial/fungal communities on gill and skin of gibel carp were different from that of bluntnose black bream and (4) the adherent actinomycetal community showed certain similarity between the skin of different hosts. Based on our conclusions, we suggested that the topic investigated in the present study merits further investigations. [source] | |||||||||||||