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Century Germany (century + germany)
Selected AbstractsThe New Cosmopolitan Monolingualism: On Linguistic Citizenship in Twenty-First Century GermanyDIE UNTERRICHTSPRAXIS/TEACHING GERMAN, Issue 2 2009David Gramling In the early years of the twenty-first century, being German has become a matter of linguistic competence and performance. An acute shift in citizenship statutes at the end of the 1990s brought about a peripatetic departure from Germany's "right of blood" (ius sanguinis) toward a French-inspired "right of territory" (ius soli). Yet in the nine years since the policy's implementation, a paradigm quite removed from territorial citizenship has taken hold,one that I will outline as a ius linguarum, or "right of languages." This article analyzes the civic discourse on German language use as it has evolved from the late 1990s in immigration statutes, press discourse, school reform initiatives, and national service awards. Together, these developments serve as interlocking case studies in the emergence of a new cosmopolitan monolingualism,amid the fluctuating conditions of European integration and economic globalization. The article concludes with some speculations on the impact of a ius linguarum for teachers of literature and language in the German Studies context. [source] The ,Whole Man': The Longing for a Masculine World in Nineteenth,Century GermanyGENDER & HISTORY, Issue 1 2003Martina Kessel Through the lens of advice literature, letters and autobiographical documents, this article examines the construction of middle,class masculinity in nineteenth,century Germany. Between the end of the eighteenth century and the fin,de,siècle gender debates, masculinity was paradoxically configured. On the one hand, manhood was said to be relational, that is notions of the masculine were related to notions of the feminine. On the other hand, the concept of the ,whole man' encompassed aspects gendered both as female and as male, thus inviting visions of a society without women. This paradoxical construction became the site of discussions, projections and contestations: women used the figure of the whole man in order to voice their desires or criticise male claims to dominance and control, but it frequently also served as the basis for male self,descriptions. In the course of the nineteenth century, notions of integral masculinity became ever more precarious since the sociable, well,rounded, artistically inclined man propagated in the first half of the nineteenth century was increasingly superseded by the ,soldier of work' which gave the fin,de,siècle gender debates a particular urgency. [source] Transgenerational Obligations: Twenty-first Century Germany and the HolocaustJOURNAL OF APPLIED PHILOSOPHY, Issue 1 2003Doris Schroeder Do the grandchildren of Holocaust perpetrators or the grandchildren of inactive bystanders carry any obligations that are only related to their ancestry? These questions will be at the centre of this investigation. It will be argued that five different models of justification are available for or against transgenerational obligations, namely liberalism, the unique evil argument, the psychological view, a form of consequentialist pragmatism and the community-based approach. Only two of these models stand up to philosophical scrutiny. Applying the community-based model leads to the conclusion that young Germans do indeed have indirect, indeterminate, but strict obligations that transcend generation borders. However, it will be argued that only the obligation of compensation can be restricted to Germans. The remaining two Holocaust-related obligations of prevention and remembrance have to be seen as universal. [source] The ,Whole Man': The Longing for a Masculine World in Nineteenth,Century GermanyGENDER & HISTORY, Issue 1 2003Martina Kessel Through the lens of advice literature, letters and autobiographical documents, this article examines the construction of middle,class masculinity in nineteenth,century Germany. Between the end of the eighteenth century and the fin,de,siècle gender debates, masculinity was paradoxically configured. On the one hand, manhood was said to be relational, that is notions of the masculine were related to notions of the feminine. On the other hand, the concept of the ,whole man' encompassed aspects gendered both as female and as male, thus inviting visions of a society without women. This paradoxical construction became the site of discussions, projections and contestations: women used the figure of the whole man in order to voice their desires or criticise male claims to dominance and control, but it frequently also served as the basis for male self,descriptions. In the course of the nineteenth century, notions of integral masculinity became ever more precarious since the sociable, well,rounded, artistically inclined man propagated in the first half of the nineteenth century was increasingly superseded by the ,soldier of work' which gave the fin,de,siècle gender debates a particular urgency. [source] | ||||||||||