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Central Siberia (central + siberia)
Selected AbstractsLonging for the Kollektiv: Gender, Power, and Residential Schools in Central SiberiaCULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY, Issue 4 2005Alexia Bloch Interpretations of post-Soviet subjectivities have tended to emphasize the ways in which subjects experience these with a sense of liberation from a monolithic socialist state; however, local responses to post-Soviet forms of power have varied widely. In the case of indigenous Siberians in the 1990s, an older generation of Evenk women expressed positive feelings about their experience as students in the Soviet-era residential schools that continue to shape their subjectivity in the post-Soviet present. Evenk subjectivities, as with those of other indigenous Siberians, have been significantly formed through the institution of the residential school and, by extension, through a range of interactions with state power as it has been locally remade and interpreted in the 1990s. In this article, I explore the widespread nostalgia associated with the residential school. Drawing on the narratives of elderly Evenk women, I argue that such expressions of Evenk nostalgia for the socialist era are a form of critique of the neoliberal logics emerging in Russia today. In this respect, Evenk women's accounts allow us to explore negotiations of power in a post-Soviet era and to examine how ideologies shape conceptions of self and the social order more broadly. [source] Spring phenology in boreal Eurasia over a nearly century time scaleGLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, Issue 3 2008NICOLAS DELBART Abstract It has been widely reported that tree leaves have tended to appear earlier in many regions of the northern hemisphere in the last few decades, reflecting climate warming. Satellite observations revealed an 8-day advance in leaf appearance date between 1982 and 1991 in northern latitudes. In situ observations show that leaf appearance dates in Europe have advanced by an average of 6.3 days from 1959 to 1996. Modelling of leaf appearance on the basis of temperature also shows a marked advance in temperate and boreal regions from 1955 to 2002. However, before 1955, reported studies of phenological variations are restricted to local scale. Modelling, ground observations and satellite observations are here combined to analyse phenological variations in Eurasian taiga over nearly a century. The trend observed by remote sensing consists mainly in a shift at the end of the 1980s, reflecting a shift in winter and spring temperature. In western boreal Eurasia, a trend to earlier leaf appearance is evident since the mid-1930s, although it is discontinuous. In contrast, the strong advance in leaf appearance detected over Central Siberia using satellite data in 1982,1991 is strengthened by late springs in 1983,1984; moreover, in this region the green-up timing has displayed successive trends with opposite signs since 1920. Thus, such strong trend is not unusual if considered locally. However, the recent advance is unique in simultaneously affecting most of the Eurasian taiga, the leaf appearance dates after 1990 being the earliest in nearly a century in most of the area. [source] Influence of seasonal pressure patterns on temporal variability of vegetation activity in Central SiberiaINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY, Issue 3 2006Sergio M. Vicente-Serrano Abstract This paper analyses the spatial distribution of the inter-annual variability of vegetation activity in central Siberia and its relationship with atmospheric circulation variability. We used NOAA-AVHRR NDVI series from Pathfinder Land Data Set at 1° of spatial resolution, and we calculated the annual vegetation activity in each pixel (aNDVI) from 1982 to 2001. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine the general spatial patterns of inter-annual variability of vegetation activity. We identified three main modes, which explain more than 50% of the total variance, each corresponding to a large region. By means of surface pressure grids, we analysed the main patterns of the seasonal atmospheric circulation in the study area: its variability was summarised by means of a few circulation modes and the patterns differ significantly between winter, spring and summer. However, a pattern with a North,South dipole structure represents the general spatial pattern of atmospheric circulation. We investigated the effect of seasonal atmospheric circulation patterns on the inter-annual variation of vegetation activity. In general, the strongest relationships between the atmospheric circulation variability, climate and the aNDVI variability were found in areas where the climatic characteristics are more limiting for the vegetation development, such as the northern regions. This may be explained by the fact that in these areas the variability of atmospheric circulation modes determines summer temperatures, which have a direct impact on vegetation activity. Copyright © 2006 Royal Meteorological Society. [source] A redescription of the Early Carboniferous acanthodian Acanthodes lopatini Rohon, 1889ACTA ZOOLOGICA, Issue 2009Pavel Beznosov Abstract Investigation of numerous well-preserved specimens of Early Carboniferous acanthodians collected over recent decades from southern central Siberia allowed their redescription as Acanthodes lopatini Rohon, 1889. The morphological characteristics supporting this classification, some peculiarities of ontogeny and a new reconstruction of this species are given. The genus Carycinacanthus Miles 1966 is regarded as a junior synonym of Acanthodes. Homalacanthus bergi (Obruchev 1962) is regarded as a junior synonym of A. lopatini. [source] SONG VARIATION IN AN AVIAN RING SPECIESEVOLUTION, Issue 3 2000Darren E. Irwin Abstract., Divergence of mating signals can occur rapidly and be of prime importance in causing reproductive isolation and speciation. A ring species, in which two reproductively isolated taxa are connected by a chain of intergrading populations, provides a rare opportunity to use spatial variation to reconstruct the history of divergence. I use geographic variation in the song of a likely ring species, the greenish warbler (Phylloscopus trochiloides) to reconstruct the microevolutionary steps that occurred during divergence of a trait that is often important in speciation in birds. Populations of a western Siberian (P. t. viridanus) and an eastern Siberian (P. t. plumbeitarsus) form of the greenish warbler meet, but do not interbreed in central Siberia; these forms are connected by a chain of interbreeding populations extending in a ring to the south around the treeless Tibetan Plateau. I show that: (1) song structure differs greatly between the two Siberian forms, which share the same habitat; (2) song structure changes gradually around the ring; (3) singing behavior is relatively simple in the Himalayas, but becomes increasingly complex to the north, both to the west and east of the Tibetan Plateau; and (4) song varies along independent axes of complexity in the western and eastern south-north clines. By comparing geographic variation in singing behavior and ecological variables, I distinguish among possible causes of song divergence, including selection based on the acoustic environment, stochastic effects of sexual selection, and selection for species recognition. I suggest that parallel south-to-north ecological gradients have caused a greater intensity of sexual selection on song in northern populations and that the stochastic effects of sexual selection have led to divergence in song structure. [source] Influence of seasonal pressure patterns on temporal variability of vegetation activity in Central SiberiaINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY, Issue 3 2006Sergio M. Vicente-Serrano Abstract This paper analyses the spatial distribution of the inter-annual variability of vegetation activity in central Siberia and its relationship with atmospheric circulation variability. We used NOAA-AVHRR NDVI series from Pathfinder Land Data Set at 1° of spatial resolution, and we calculated the annual vegetation activity in each pixel (aNDVI) from 1982 to 2001. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine the general spatial patterns of inter-annual variability of vegetation activity. We identified three main modes, which explain more than 50% of the total variance, each corresponding to a large region. By means of surface pressure grids, we analysed the main patterns of the seasonal atmospheric circulation in the study area: its variability was summarised by means of a few circulation modes and the patterns differ significantly between winter, spring and summer. However, a pattern with a North,South dipole structure represents the general spatial pattern of atmospheric circulation. We investigated the effect of seasonal atmospheric circulation patterns on the inter-annual variation of vegetation activity. In general, the strongest relationships between the atmospheric circulation variability, climate and the aNDVI variability were found in areas where the climatic characteristics are more limiting for the vegetation development, such as the northern regions. This may be explained by the fact that in these areas the variability of atmospheric circulation modes determines summer temperatures, which have a direct impact on vegetation activity. Copyright © 2006 Royal Meteorological Society. [source] Lagged teleconnections between snow depth in northern Eurasia, rainfall in Southeast Asia and sea-surface temperatures over the tropical Pacific OceanINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY, Issue 13 2001Hengchun Ye Abstract This study shows that above-(below-)normal winter snow depth over European Russia and corresponding below-(above-)normal snow depth over central Siberia is associated with reduced (increased) summer monsoon rainfall over southern and western India and eastern Pakistan, and above-(below-)normal sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) over the eastern and central tropical Pacific Ocean during the following winters. The connection is slightly stronger when snow depth over European Russia is above normal than below normal. These results are derived from an examination of 60 years (1936,1995) of winter snow depth data and SSTs, and 45 years (1951,1995) of summer precipitation records. The results of this study suggest that winter snow depth over the western rather than the eastern portion of Eurasia is critical to Southeast Asian summer monsoon rainfall and eastern tropical Pacific SSTs during the following seasons. Copyright © 2001 Royal Meteorological Society [source] | ||||||||||