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Central Nervous System Abnormalities (central + nervous_system_abnormality)
Selected AbstractsThe Nutrition, Aging, and Memory in Elders (NAME) study: design and methods for a study of micronutrients and cognitive function in a homebound elderly populationINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY, Issue 6 2006Tammy M. Scott Abstract Background Micronutrient status can affect cognitive function in the elderly; however, there is much to learn about the precise effects. Understanding mediating factors by which micronutrient status affects cognitive function would contribute to elders' quality of life and their ability to remain in the home. Objectives The Nutrition, Aging, and Memory in Elders (NAME) Study is designed to advance the current level of knowledge by investigating potential mediating factors by which micronutrient status contributes to cognitive impairment and central nervous system abnormalities in the elderly. NAME targets homebound elders because they are understudied and particularly at risk for poor nutritional status. Methods Subjects are community-based elders aged 60 and older, recruited through area Aging Services Access Points. The NAME core data include demographics; neuropsychological testing and activities of daily living measures; food frequency, health and behavioral questionnaires; anthropometrics; gene status; plasma micronutrients, homocysteine, and other blood determinants. A neurological examination, psychiatric examination, and brain MRI and volumetric measurements are obtained from a sub-sample. Results Preliminary data from first 300 subjects are reported. These data show that the NAME protocol is feasible and that the enrolled subjects are racially diverse, at-risk, and had similar basic demographics to the population from which they were drawn. Conclusion The goal of the NAME study is to evaluate novel relationships between nutritional factors and cognitive impairment. These data may provide important information on potential new therapeutic strategies and supplementation standards for the elderly to maintain cognitive function and potentially reduce the public health costs of dementia. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Incontinentia Pigmenti in Boys: A Series and Review of the LiteraturePEDIATRIC DERMATOLOGY, Issue 6 2006Daniela Ardelean M.D. Occurrences of this disease in boys have been reported, however, its clinical phenotype has not been well characterized. The purpose of this study was to report on additional instances of incontinentia pigmenti in boys and to review the clinical, laboratory, and molecular characteristics of all published such patients. A retrospective chart review and Medline search using the keywords incontinentia pigmenti, males, and NEMO gene was undertaken. Six new boys with incontinentia pigmenti were found in our database and 36 more were previously reported in the literature. The vesiculo-bullous stage was the most frequent clinical presentation at diagnosis (80%). Fifteen percent of patients had an initial unilateral presentation. Recurrences of this stage were noted in 16%. Stages 2 and 3 of the disease were present in only 72.5% and 75% of patients, respectively. Only 15% of the boys had a documented stage 4. Extracutaneous manifestations were also documented (30%, central nervous system manifestations, 35%, eye involvement, 30%, alopecia, 40%, teeth anomalies). Thirty two percent of boys had peripheral eosinophilia. Only five had evidence of NEMO gene mutation. The male phenotype has clinical features similar to those of the female phenotype. Unilateral presentation is a distinct occurrence in boys, especially in early stages. Anomalies are the most common extracutaneous findings, followed by eye, hair, and central nervous system abnormalities. [source] Septo-optic dysplasia as a manifestation of valproic acid embryopathyBIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH, Issue 2 2001Carrie L. McMahon Background The use of valproic acid during pregnancy has been associated with adverse fetal outcomes, including major and minor congenital malformations, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), hyperbilirubinemia, hepatotoxicity, transient hyperglycemia, and fetal and neonatal distress. In addition, intrauterine exposure to valproic acid has been associated with an increased risk of central nervous system abnormalities, primarily neural tube defects. Optic nerve hypoplasia has been reported in association with other prenatal anticonvulsant exposures, but the occurrence of septo-optic dysplasia as a manifestation of valproic acid embryopathy has not been reported previously. Results We report on a woman who received Depakote (valproic acid) throughout her pregnancy for the treatment of a seizure disorder. The patient presented with features typical of valproic acid embryopathy, including bitemporal narrowing, hypertelorism, short palpebral fissures, epicanthal folds, microphthalmia, a flat broad nasal bridge, small mouth, hypoplastic nails, mild clinodactyly, and camptodactyly. MRI showed hypoplasia of the optic chiasm and absence of the septum pellucidum. Conclusions We report the first case of septo-optic dysplasia associated with maternal exposure to valproic acid throughout pregnancy. This case expands the clinical phenotype of valproate embryopathy. Teratology 64:83,86, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Recombinant chromosome 10 presenting as a prenatal central nervous system abnormalityPRENATAL DIAGNOSIS, Issue 10 2009April T. Tritto No abstract is available for this article. [source] | |||||||||||||