|
| ||
|
|
||
Cerebral Cavernous Malformations (cerebral + cavernous_malformation)
Selected AbstractsGenetics, epigenetics and pharmaco-(epi)genomics in angiogenesisJOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE, Issue 6b 2008Ian Buysschaert ,,Introduction ,,Angiogenesis is genetically pre-determined ,,Mutations causing vascular anomalies -,Venous anomalies -,Haemangiomas -,The transforming growth factor-ß in vascular anomalies -,Cerebral cavernous malformations ,,Translocations reveal novel angiogenic genes ,,Single nucleotide polymorphisms shape the angio-genome -,SNPs in VEGF and their association with cancer -,SNPs in VEGF pathway genes associated with other diseases -,Genetic variability in VEGFR-2 -,Genetic variability in HIF-1, -,SNPs in VEGFR-1 integrate angiogenesis within the P53 pathway -,Variations in angiogenic genes are linked with neurodegeneration -,Angiogenic factors in genome-wide association studies ,,Copy number variability affects angiogenesis ,,Epigenetic regulation of angiogenesis -,Methylation of anti-angiogenic factors -,Methylation as a second hit event in cancer -,Histone modifications determine angiogenesis ,,Micromanagers of angiogenesis ,,Perspectives Abstract Angiogenesis is controlled by a balance between pro- and anti-angiogenic factors. Studies in mice and human beings have shown that this balance, as well as the general sensitivity of the endothelium to these factors, is genetically pre-determined. In an effort to dissect this genetic basis, different types of genetic variability have emerged: mutations and translocations in angiogenic factors have been linked to several vascular malformations and haemangiomas, whereas SNPs have been associated with complex genetic disorders, such as cancer, neurodegeneration and diabetes. In addition, copy number alterations of angiogenic factors have been reported in several tumours. More recently, epigenetic changes caused by aberrant DNA methylation or histone acetylation of anti-angiogenic molecules have been shown to determine angiogenesis as well. Initial studies also revealed a crucial role for microRNAs in stimulating or reducing angiogenesis. So far, most of these genetic studies have focused on tumour angiogenesis, but future research is expected to improve our understanding of how genetic variants determine angiogenesis in other diseases. Importantly, these genetic insights might also be of important clinical relevance for the use of anti-angiogenic strategies in cancer or macular degeneration. [source] rFVIIa, for acute rebleeding of a cerebral cavernous malformationEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, Issue 1 2007K. Engelhardt Recurrent bleeding episodes of cavernomas especially in the brainstem can cause progressive neurological deficits. Therefore brainstem cavernomas are still a therapeutic dilemma and a treatment challenge for the neuro critical care community. We report a 39-year-old woman with spontaneous ataxia diplopia and vomiting, who has been treated for multiple intracerebral cavernomas during the last 10 years. A cerebral computed tomography (cCT) revealed a re-bleeding cavernoma in the left cerebral peduncle with consecutive obstructive hydrocephalus. As a result of the difficult anatomical location, no surgical approach was possible. As an off-label treatment, recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) was administered to prevent possible further bleeding and especially further sequelae. The patient recovered well and no adverse events and especially no further bleeding of the cavernoma were observed. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the safe and successful use of rFVIIa to treat re-bleeding episodes in cavernomas. Further clinical studies are needed to specify the future potential of rFVIIa. [source] Seizure Outcome after Resection of Supratentorial Cavernous Malformations: A Study of 168 PatientsEPILEPSIA, Issue 3 2007Christian R. Baumann Summary:,Purpose: The optimal management of cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) with epileptic seizures is still a matter of debate. The aim of our study was to examine seizure outcome in the largest published series of surgically treated patients with epilepsy due to a supratentorial CCM, and to define predictors for good surgical outcome. Methods: We retrospectively studied 168 consecutive patients with a single supratentorial CCM and symptomatic epilepsy in a multicenter study. Pre- and postoperative clinical examinations, age at epilepsy onset, age at operation, type of symptoms due to the CCM (seizures, headache, hemorrhage, focal deficits), type and frequency of epileptic seizures, and the localization and size of the CCM were assessed. Seizure outcome was determined in the first, second, and third postoperative years. Results: The CCM was completely resected in all patients. More than two thirds of the patients were classified as seizure free in the first 3 postoperative years. Predictors for good seizure outcome were age older than 30 years at the time of surgery, mesiotemporal CCM localization, CCM size <1.5 cm, and the absence of secondarily generalized seizures. No mortality occurred in our series, but only mild postoperative neurologic deficits in 12 (7%) patients. Conclusions: Considering the natural history of CCMs, the favorable neurologic and seizure outcome, surgical resection of CCMs should be considered in all patients with supratentorial CCMs and concomitant epilepsy, irrespective of the presence or absence of predictors for a favorable seizure outcome. [source] Frequency and phenotypes of cutaneous vascular malformations in a consecutive series of 417 patients with familial cerebral cavernous malformationsJOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY & VENEREOLOGY, Issue 9 2009J Sirvente [source] Programmed cell death-10 enhances proliferation and protects malignant T cells from apoptosisAPMIS, Issue 10 2010BRITT LAUENBORG Lauenborg B, Kopp K, Krejsgaard T, Eriksen KW, Geisler C, Dabelsteen S, Gniadecki R, Zhang Q, Wasik MA, Woetmann A, Odum N. Programmed cell death-10 enhances proliferation and protects malignant T cells from apoptosis. APMIS 2010; 118: 719,28. The programmed cell death-10 (PDCD10; also known as cerebral cavernous malformation-3 or CCM3) gene encodes an evolutionarily conserved protein associated with cell apoptosis. Mutations in PDCD10 result in cerebral cavernous malformations, an important cause of cerebral hemorrhage. PDCD10 is associated with serine/threonine kinases and phosphatases and modulates the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway suggesting a role in the regulation of cellular growth. Here we provide evidence of a constitutive expression of PDCD10 in malignant T cells and cell lines from peripheral blood of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (Sezary syndrome) patients. PDCD10 is associated with protein phosphatase-2A, a regulator of mitogenesis and apoptosis in malignant T cells. Inhibition of oncogenic signal pathways [Jak3, Notch1, and nuclear factor-,B (NF-,B)] partly inhibits the constitutive PDCD10 expression, whereas an activator of Jak3 and NF-,B, interleukin-2 (IL-2), enhances PDCD10 expression. Functional data show that PDCD10 depletion by small interfering RNA induces apoptosis and decreases proliferation of the sensitive cells. To our knowledge, these data provide the first functional link between PDCD10 and cancer. [source] | ||||||||||