Cerebral Artery Stroke (cerebral + artery_stroke)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences100%

Kinds of Cerebral Artery Stroke

  • middle cerebral artery stroke
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    Selected Abstracts

    Stroke in the developing brain and intractable epilepsy: effect of timing on hippocampal sclerosis

    DEVELOPMENTAL MEDICINE & CHILD NEUROLOGY, Issue 9 2003
    Waney Squier FRCP FRC Path
    A detailed study was made of the pathology of specimens removed by hemispherectomy for the treatment of intractable epilepsy in children with unilateral middle cerebral artery stroke. Neuropathological criteria were used to differentiate strokes that occurred in early intrauterine development (before 28 weeks gestational age) from those occurring in the last trimester, at birth, or after birth: 19 children had early strokes and 21 late. There was no difference in seizure history or occurrence of febrile convulsions in these two groups. Hippocampal tissue was available in 20 patients; pathology in the hippocampus, remote from the infarcted area, showed a marked difference between early-onset and late-onset groups. Hippocampal sclerosis was uncommon in children with early-onset strokes but developed in most of the children whose strokes were of later origin. However, hippocampal sclerosis was more closely related to a clinical history of a late initial precipitating insult irrespective of infarct timing. These findings demonstrate the changing vulnerability of the developing brain and show that hippocampal pathology is more closely related to the timing of an insult than seizure history or the occurrence of febrile convulsions. [source]

    Alien limb following posterior cerebral artery stroke: Failure to recognize internally generated movements?

    MOVEMENT DISORDERS, Issue 10 2007
    Elizabeth Coulthard BA, MRCP
    Abstract We describe two rare cases of alien limb syndrome following right posterior cerebral artery (PCA) stroke. Both patients present with left hemianopia, visual neglect and proprioceptive loss in addition to their alien limb symptoms. Lesion subtraction from seven control PCA patients revealed that medial parietal-occipital and thalamic areas were selectively damaged in the alien limb patients. We propose that loss of the sense of motor intention and internal model of the current state of the arm, combined with deficient proprioceptive and visual feedback of the moving limb, are critical for genesis of posterior alien limb and discuss how affected regions normally function to ensure awareness of self-generated motor activity. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society [source]

    Differential effects of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over ipsilesional primary motor cortex in cortical and subcortical middle cerebral artery stroke,

    ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY, Issue 3 2009
    Mitra Ameli MD
    Objective Facilitation of cortical excitability of the ipsilesional primary motor cortex (M1) may improve dexterity of the affected hand after stroke. The effects of 10Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over ipsilesional M1 on movement kinematics and neural activity were examined in patients with subcortical or cortical stroke. Methods Twenty-nine patients with impaired dexterity after stroke (16 subcortical middle cerebral artery [MCA] strokes, 13 MCA strokes involving subcortical tissue and primary or secondary cortical sensorimotor areas) received 1 session of 10Hz rTMS (5-second stimulation, 25-second break, 1,000 pulses, 80% of the resting motor threshold) applied over: 1) ipsilesional M1 and 2) vertex (control stimulation). For behavioral testing, 29 patients performed index finger and hand tapping movements with the affected and unaffected hand prior to and following each rTMS application. For functional magnetic resonance imaging, 18 patients performed index finger tapping movements with the affected and unaffected hand before and after each rTMS application. Results Ten-Hz rTMS over ipsilesional M1, but not over vertex, improved movement kinematics in 14 of 16 patients with subcortical stroke, but not in patients with additional cortical stroke. Ten-Hz rTMS slightly deteriorated dexterity of the affected hand in 7 of 13 cortical stroke patients. At a neural level, rTMS over ipsilesional M1 reduced neural activity of the contralesional M1 in 11 patients with subcortical stroke, but caused a widespread bilateral recruitment of primary and secondary motor areas in 7 patients with cortical stroke. Activity in ipsilesional M1 at baseline correlated with improvement of index finger tapping frequency induced by rTMS. Interpretation The beneficial effects of 10Hz rTMS over ipsilesional M1 on motor function of the affected hand depend on the extension of MCA stroke. Neural activity in ipsilesional M1 may serve as a surrogate marker for the effectiveness of facilitatory rTMS. Ann Neurol 2009;66:298,309 [source]

    Rescue angioplasty after failed intra-arterial thrombolysis in acute middle cerebral artery stroke: A case report

    CATHETERIZATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS, Issue 3 2004
    Pinky Agarwal MD
    Abstract Intra-arterial thrombolysis is increasingly being used in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke with a failure rate of recanalization as high as 66%. We describe a case of acute ischemic stroke secondary to occlusion of the middle cerebral artery that failed intra-arterial thrombolytic therapy but responded to rescue balloon angioplasty. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2004;62:396,400. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

    Diagnosis of perinatal stroke I: definitions, differential diagnosis and registration

    ACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 10 2009
    P Govaert
    Abstract Introduction:, Perinatal stroke can be divided into three subtypes: ischaemic stroke, either arterial or sinovenous and haemorrhagic stroke. For the sake of universal registration and to perform intervention studies, we propose a detailed diagnostic registration system for perinatal stroke taking 10 variables into account. These variables are discussed here and in the accompanying article. Material and results:, Differentiation is needed from focal brain changes as a result of disorders other than stroke, whereby accurate timing is possible only when early neonatal imaging is available. Detailed templates are presented for arterial and venous vascular classification. AIS is further subdivided into single territory and complex infarction and some stratification is proposed in the complicated stroke group. This registration system has been applied to a retrospective cohort of 134 newborns with stroke (single-centre observation from 1999 to 2007) and the results are compared with published data. By applying this registration system, intervention studies for one homogeneous stroke type (e.g. complete middle cerebral artery stroke) may be facilitated. Conclusion:, Ten variables may be sufficient to register a perinatal stroke. These include gestational age, birthweight, gender, delivery mode, time of detection, presentation, type of stroke, vessel affected or type of cavity, imaging method at detection and clinical context. [source]