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Census Information (census + information)
Selected AbstractsDeinstitutionalization in Ontario, Canada: Understanding Who Moved WhenJOURNAL OF POLICY AND PRACTICE IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES, Issue 3 2010Lynn Martin Abstract The results of deinstitutionalization are well known, but less information is available on the process of deinstitutionalization itself. This study sought to understand the process of deinstitutionalization in Ontario by examining the timing of individuals' transitions to the community and the characteristics of individuals who experienced a change in the timing of their move. Data used were based on census information collected between 2005 and 2008 using the interRAI Intellectual Disability assessment instrument on all persons residing in Ontario's specialized institutions. Analyses of characteristics at baseline by the anticipated transition year revealed the existence of significant differences between the groups. Comparisons of anticipated and actual transition years revealed that about 40% of individuals experienced a change in their transition year. Age, bladder incontinence, and number of medical diagnoses were associated with increased likelihood of moving earlier than anticipated, whereas family contact, presence of a strong and supportive relationship with family, psychiatric diagnoses, destructive behavior, and aggression were associated with higher likelihood of moving later. Careful attention to characteristics and level of need was paid at the onset of the deinstitutionalization planning process; however, the timing of transitions to the community was not "set in stone." In the future, studies should not only examine the individual's outcomes and quality of life in the community, but also should seek to qualitatively describe the individual's and family's experiences of the transition process. This type of information is invaluable for other jurisdictions in which deinstitutionalization is planned or under way. [source] Using commercial telephone directories to obtain a population-based sample for mail survey of women of reproductive agePAEDIATRIC & PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, Issue 3 2003Danelle T. Lobdell Summary In the United States, sampling women of reproductive age from the general population for research purposes is a challenge. Even more difficult is conducting a population-based study of couples attempting pregnancy to assess fecundity and fertility or related impairments. To address the problem of obtaining representative samples from the population in order to study such health-related issues, a commercially and readily available CD-ROM telephone directory was used and tested as a sampling framework for studies aimed at enrolling gravid women aged 18,44 years. A self-administered questionnaire (SAQ) was mailed to a stratified random sample of 10 005 (3%) households in Erie County, NY, USA. Overall, 17% of the questionnaires were undeliverable despite updating all addresses with residential software before mailing. Thirteen per cent (n = 1089) of the households returned completed questionnaires, of which 35% (n = 377) were completed by women aged 18,44 years. Using 1990 census information for zip code, respondents were more likely to be white and to have higher median household incomes than non-respondents. Of the 377 women who completed the questionnaire, 79% had been pregnant at least once, 5% reported being unable to become pregnant, and 16% reporting never trying to become pregnant. Despite the overall low response to the SAQ, the sampling framework captured a diverse group of women of reproductive age who reported various fecundity and fertility outcomes. The use of low-cost commercially available software linked to census data for selecting samples of women or couples for reproductive and perinatal research may be possible; however, oversampling of households, use of incentives and follow-up of non-respondents is needed to ensure adequate sample sizes. [source] Geographic Information Systems: A New Tool for Environmental Health AssessmentsPUBLIC HEALTH NURSING, Issue 5 2006Mona Choi ABSTRACT Objectives: (1) To develop tools for health care professionals and communities to assess environmental exposures and (2) to evaluate the utility of integrating patient-reported environmental health information with geographic information systems (GIS) mapping of environmental data in a pilot study. Methods: A survey was used to collect self-reported environmental exposure and health data from a convenience sample of people at an urban community health center (N=101). Environmental exposure and census information were obtained from federal agencies. Analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and GIS. Results: Frequent environmental health risk factors were reported, such as older housing (93%) and household smoking (78%). Health problems including asthma (54%) and lead poisoning (14%) were reported. Odds ratios indicated a statistically significant relationship between mold/mildew and reporting asthma. GIS was found to be a useful tool in displaying environmental risk factors and potentially associated health effects. Conclusions: Given the important role that environmental health risks can play in public health, it is critical that community/public health nurses begin to integrate environmental health assessment skills into their professional practices. Simple community surveys can be an effective means to raise awareness about environmental health risk factors and utilizing GIS can further enhance the accessibility of the combined exposure and health information. [source] A Farm Household Conception of Pluriactivity in Canadian Agriculture: Motivation, Diversification and Livelihood*CANADIAN REVIEW OF SOCIOLOGY/REVUE CANADIENNE DE SOCIOLOGIE, Issue 1 2006KENNETH C. BESSANTArticle first published online: 14 JUL 200 La collecte d'information du recensement sur la pluriactivité agricole ou sur l' « agriculture à temps partiel », comme on l'appelait au début, a commencé aussi tôt que dans les années trente aux États-Unis et dans les années quarante au Canada. Depuis, les chercheurs ne se sont pas contentés de rapporter les statistiques descriptives de base, ils ont effectué des enquêtes détaillées des diverses sources non agricoles sur le revenu familial global, sur les types d'emplois à l'exterieur de la ferme et sur les motivations sous-jacentes. Quoique l'intérêt pour le sujet ait quelque peu diminué, une analyse plus approfondie des ménages pluriactifs est justifiée, particulièrement à la lumière de la restructuration et du dépeuplement ruraux et de la « crise agricole ». Les spécialistes en sciences humaines ont suivi des pistes divergentes sur la nature de la pluriactivité; cependant, plusieurs de ces travaux sont liés aux concepts des collectivités rurales durables (CRD), comme les stratégies adaptatives, la diversification et la résilience. Dans cet article, l'auteur explore l'utilité de l'analyse des CRD pour interpréter la présence, la persistance, les formes et fonctions variées de pluriactivité dans les ménages agricoles canadiens. The collection of census information about pluriactivity or "part-time farming," as it was initially termed, began as early as the 1930s in the United States and the 1940s in Canada. Researchers have since moved beyond reporting basic descriptive statistics to detailed investigations of the various non-farm sources of total family income, types of off-farm employment, and underlying motivations. Although interest in the topic has waned somewhat, further analysis of pluriactive households is warranted, particularly in light of rural restructuring, farm depopulation, and the "farm crisis." Social scientists have pursued divergent lines of inquiry into the nature of pluriactivity; however, much of this work is related to Sustainable Rural Livelihoods (SRL) concepts such as adaptive strategies, diversification and resilience. This paper explores the utility of SRL analysis for interpreting the presence, persistence, and varied forms and functions of pluriactivity among Canadian farm households. [source] | ||||||||||