|
| ||
|
|
||
CGI Score (cgi + score)
Selected AbstractsDo Investors Really Value Corporate Governance?JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT & ACCOUNTING, Issue 2 2007Evidence from the Hong Kong Market To examine the relation between corporate governance and firm value, we develop an instrument to assess the corporate governance practices of listed companies in Hong Kong. Based on the Revised OECD Principles of Corporate Governance (OECD) and the Code of Best Practices (HKEx), we construct a corporate governance index (CGI) for Hong Kong listed companies. Unlike measures used in other studies, the CGI score reflects the presence of good corporate governance practices as well as variation in the quality of corporate governance practices. Empirical evidence shows that a company's market valuation is positively related to its overall CGI score, a composite measure of a firm's corporate governance practices. We also find that the transparency component of the CGI score drives the relation with market valuation. In summary, this study provides supporting evidence for the notion that, in Hong Kong, good corporate governance practices are consistent with value maximization. [source] Development of a client-generated health outcome measure for community nursingAUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, Issue 5 2000Rhonda Griffiths Objective:To develop a client-generated outcome measure for use in community nursing. Method:Participants for the study were identified from the case load of community health nurses, from a nursing home service and from residents of a retirement village. All participants had a diagnosis of venous leg ulcer (VLU) and/or type 2 diabetes. Preliminary development of the measure involved focus groups of community clients and health professionals, and pilot testing of an existing quality of life (QoL) measure, the Patient-Generated Index. The resulting Client-Generated Index was tested for reliability and validity. Results:The Pearson's correlation coefficient between administration of the CGI at T1 and T2 was 0.526 (n=51; p=0.0001). The CGI correlated significantly with four of eight dimensions of the SF-36, and with pain as a clinical marker for VLU r=0.54 (p=0.001). Overall, participants with VLU reported a lower QoL (mean CGI score 2.8) compared to those with diabetes (mean CGI score 4.1). Conclusions:The CGI was developed to measure outcomes in community health settings. Some measures of its reliability and validity are demonstrated and further research is needed to validate the instrument using other client groups. Implications:If routine assessment and evaluation is to contribute to measures of outcome, the instruments need to be concise and acceptable to health care providers. The CGI has all these properties. [source] Augmentation of clozapine with a second antipsychotic , a meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled studiesACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 6 2009D. M. Taylor Objective:, Inadequate response to clozapine treatment is frequently encountered in practice and augmentation strategies have been developed in an attempt to improve response. Aims of the study were to evaluate the therapeutic effect of adding an antipsychotic drug to clozapine treatment. Method:, Meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled studies of antipsychotic augmentation of clozapine treatment. Results:, Ten studies (including 522 subjects) met inclusion criteria. Antipsychotic augmentation showed significant benefit over the addition of placebo on only one outcome measure examined [mean effect size for rating scale score (BPRS/PANSS) ,0.180, 95% CI ,0.356 to ,0.004]. Antipsychotic augmentation showed no advantage on withdrawals from trials (risk ratio 1.261, 95% CI 0.679,2.345) or on CGI scores (effect size ,0.661, 95% CI ,1.475 to 0.151). Duration of study was not associated with outcome (P = 0.95). There was no evidence of publication bias. Conclusion:, In studies lasting up to 16 weeks, the addition of an antipsychotic to clozapine treatment has marginal therapeutic benefit. Longer and larger trials are necessary to demonstrate the precise therapeutic utility of antipsychotic co-therapy with clozapine. [source] Five-year follow-up during antipsychotic treatment: efficacy, safety, functional and social outcomeACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 2007E. Lindström Objective:, Explore the long-term course of schizophrenia and related disorders. Method:, Naturalistic study of 225 patients initially treated with risperidone (monotherapy or in combination with other psychotropic drugs) over 5 years. Results:, Stable symptomatology and side effects were observed. Clinician GAF scores were 55,61, but patients' self-ratings were higher. Clinician and patient CGI scores were at the same level. Annual in-patient days decreased but days in sheltered accommodations increased still more. Only 12% of the patients studied or worked full-time. One in four had no social contacts except with staff. Eight patients died during the 5 years. Conclusion:, The findings underline the chronicity and seriousness of psychotic disorders in terms of social outcome and, indirectly, the low quality of life of this group of persons. Patients were generally well aware of their illness and able to sort out symptoms from drug side effects. This opens for more active involvement of patients in monitoring their own treatment. [source] | ||||||||||