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Abused Children (abused + child)
Selected AbstractsAbused child to nonabusive parent: Resilience and conceptual changeJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 3 2002Glenda Wilkes Individuals who were abused as children and have spontaneously, without intervention, been able to change their cognitive and behavioral patterns such that they do not abuse their own children represent a heretofore untapped source of information and understanding about the processes of conceptual change and resilience. This pilot study investigates the nature of this conceptual change as an exemplar of resilience. Birth order, gender, locus of control, and coping behaviors emerged as areas needing further study. Additionally, the belief on the part of the abusing parents that abuse was not wrong needs further investigation as a possible precursor to this particular context for conceptual change. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 58: 261,276, 2002. [source] School-based counseling of abused children,PSYCHOLOGY IN THE SCHOOLS, Issue 3 2009Marla R. Brassard Abused children experience high rates of behavior, emotional, and learning problems but infrequently receive treatment. Most services provided to abused children and their families are not based on any clear evidence that they work. A number of evidence-based treatments (EBTs), demonstrated to be safe and effective in treating a range of difficulties that present in children exposed to family violence, are appropriate for schools. We briefly review forms of abuse, describe EBTs appropriate for schools, and present a decision tree for deciding who to treat and how. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] Memory, Maternal Representations, and Internalizing Symptomatology Among Abused, Neglected, and Nonmaltreated ChildrenCHILD DEVELOPMENT, Issue 3 2008Kristin Valentino A depth-of-processing incidental recall task for maternal-referent stimuli was utilized to assess basic memory processes and the affective valence of maternal representations among abused (N = 63), neglected (N = 33), and nonmaltreated (N = 128) school-aged children (ages 8,13.5 years old). Self-reported and observer-rated indices of internalizing symptoms were also assessed. Abused children demonstrated impairments in recall compared to neglected and nonmaltreated children. Although abused, neglected, and nonmaltreated children did not differ in valence of maternal representations, positive and negative maternal schemas related to internalizing symptoms differently among subgroups of maltreated children. Valence of maternal schema was critical in differentiating those with high and low internalizing symptomatology among the neglected children only. Implications for clinical intervention and prevention efforts are underscored. [source] Injuries to the head, face, mouth and neck in physically abused children in a community settingINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY, Issue 5 2005A. M. CAIRNS Summary. Objectives. The aims of the present study were to identify the incidence of orofacial injuries found within a cohort of physically abused children, and examine demographic data surrounding the alleged perpetrator, the location in which the alleged assault occurred, the mechanism of injury and the actual orofacial injury incurred. Methods. The research took the form of a retrospective study of clinical case records of children with suspected physical abuse from 1 June 1998 to 31 May 2003. Seven hundred and fifty case records were identified and 390 (46·7%) were available for data extraction. Results. Fifty-nine per cent (n = 230) of children had signs of abuse on the head, face or neck. The alleged perpetrator was the mother in 104 cases (26·7%), the father in 100 (25·6%) and mother's partner in 49 other cases (12·6%). More than half (53·3%) of the alleged abuse occurred in the child's home; in 32·3% of cases, the location was not recorded. Other locations included outside in a public place, school and at the home of the alleged abuser. Some 23·4% (n = 54) had been punched or slapped around the head, neck or face, 17·4% (n = 40) had been struck by an object, and 15·2% (n = 35) had allegedly sustained multiple modes of injury. Bruising to the head, neck or face was seen in 95·2% (n = 219) of children, and 32·6% (n = 75) had abrasions; 65·2% (n = 150) of the bruises and 22·9% (n = 53) of the abrasions were on the face. Conclusions. Fifty-nine per cent of physically abused children in the present cohort had orofacial signs of abuse which would be easily visible to a dental practitioner. The commonest injuries were bruises and abrasions. This concurs with previous reports in the literature and highlights the important role of dental practitioners in the recognition of children who have been abused. [source] Reduced right hemisphere activation in severely abused violent offenders during a working memory task: An fMRI studyAGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR, Issue 2 2001Adrian Raine Abstract This study uses functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to address two important gaps in our knowledge of brain functioning and violence: (1) What are the brain correlates of adults in the community who have suffered severe physical abuse early in life and who go on to perpetrate serious violence in adulthood? (2) What characterizes those who experience severe physical abuse but who refrain from serious violence? Four groups of participants recruited from the community (controls, severe physical child abuse only, serious violence only, and severely abused, seriously violent offenders) underwent fMRI while performing a visual/verbal working memory task. Violent offenders who had suffered severe child abuse show reduced right hemisphere functioning, particularly in the right temporal cortex. Abused individuals who refrain from serious violence showed relatively lower left, but higher right, activation of the superior temporal gyrus. Abused individuals, irrespective of violence status, showed reduced cortical activation during the working memory task, especially in the left hemisphere. Brain deficits were independent of IQ, history of head injury, task performance, cognitive strategy, and mental activity during the control task. Findings constitute the first fMRI study of brain dysfunction in violent offenders, and indicate that initial right hemisphere dysfunction, when combined with the effects of severe early physical abuse, predisposes to serious violence but that relatively good right hemisphere functioning protects against violence in physically abused children. Aggr. Behav. 27:111,129, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] The State of the Debate About Children's Disclosure Patterns in Child Sexual Abuse CasesJUVENILE AND FAMILY COURT JOURNAL, Issue 1 2006ERNA OLAFSON ABSTRACT In current research studies about the disclosure patterns of sexually abused children, experts agree that most victims delay disclosure for years, often until adulthood. Researchers disagree about disclosure rates and recantation rates among children during formal interviews. Studies of children who had not previously disclosed but are known through corroborative evidence to have been sexually abused show lower rates of disclosure than do studies of children who had disclosed prior to the formal interview. Gradual disclosures among children are common, and more than a single interview may be necessary in some cases. Prior disclosure, level of support by non-offending parents, developmental level, and relationship to perpetrator affect children's rates of disclosure and their disclosure patterns. More research is necessary to clarify children's post-disclosure recantation rates and predictors. [source] Infant abuse in Osaka: Health center activities from 1988 to 1999PEDIATRICS INTERNATIONAL, Issue 2 2001Michiko Kobayashi AbstractBackground: In 1988, the first survey of child abuse in Japan was conducted in Osaka Prefecture as a joint effort between medical, health and welfare agencies. Ensuing surveys in 1988 revealed that infant abuse had a death rate of 10% in Health Center. Methods: In 1996 and 1999, surveys were performed on 130 and 215 abused children under 18 years of age. They were studied in terms of their activity of Health Center, including help, means of involvement by health visitors. Results: Fifty-five percent of children were detected via health centers. In 69% of cases, health visitors listened to parents and promptly contacted other agencies. Ninety-five percent of cases had home visits. The concerted effort of the health centers with allied disciplines in Osaka Prefecture yielded the following changes: the mortality rate decreased from 9.8% in 1988 to 2.3% in 1996, and institutionalized cases tripled from 13.7% in 1988 to 39.5% in 1999. The rate of admission to day care centers increased from 22.4% in 1988 to 58.7% in 1999. Along with the constant support of health visitors, day care centers provided secure support and protection for parents and infants. Conclusions: Effective prevention and treatment become possible only when treatment of the child's physical and psychological health, mental care for parents and tangible support for childrearing and daily life were undertaken in a concerted way. To this end, a systematic commitment of all child agencies, child guidance centers, as well as medical, health educational, welfare and other allied disciplines is required. [source] School-based counseling of abused children,PSYCHOLOGY IN THE SCHOOLS, Issue 3 2009Marla R. Brassard Abused children experience high rates of behavior, emotional, and learning problems but infrequently receive treatment. Most services provided to abused children and their families are not based on any clear evidence that they work. A number of evidence-based treatments (EBTs), demonstrated to be safe and effective in treating a range of difficulties that present in children exposed to family violence, are appropriate for schools. We briefly review forms of abuse, describe EBTs appropriate for schools, and present a decision tree for deciding who to treat and how. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] Attachment theory and child abuse: an overview of the literature for practitionersCHILD ABUSE REVIEW, Issue 6 2001Heather Bacon Abstract This review shares the ,literature path' we followed in developing our ideas about how attachment theory can inform clinical work with abused children and adults. A short outline of the early work in the field is followed by a description of research that is relevant to clinical work with children and families in the field of child abuse and child protection. We then focus on those concepts and findings from research we have found most relevant to our own work with victims of child sexual abuse, their parents and carers, and with adult survivors. In our experience, a parallel theme is the effect of working in this field on professionals' own attachment systems, and the necessity to be aware of the interplay between the individual professional's response, the role of the organization and the ability to make useful clinical interventions. This review therefore includes some material about professional attachment systems and caregiving. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Experiential Influences on Multimodal Perception of EmotionCHILD DEVELOPMENT, Issue 5 2005Jessica E. Shackman The impact of 2 types of learning experiences on children's perception of multimodal emotion cues was examined. Children (aged 7,12 years) were presented with conflicting facial and vocal emotions. The effects of familiarity were tested by varying whether emotions were presented by familiar or unfamiliar adults. The salience of particular emotional expressions was tested by contrasting the performance of physically abused and nonabused children. Children exhibited a preference for auditory expressions produced by their mothers but not by strangers. Additionally, abused children were biased to rely on auditory cues when their own abusive mother was expressing anger. These results are discussed in terms of the impact of both typical and atypical early experiences on the development of emotion perception. [source] |