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Brazilian Children (brazilian + child)
Selected AbstractsBilateral coordination and motor sequencing in Brazilian children: preliminary construct validity and reliability analysisOCCUPATIONAL THERAPY INTERNATIONAL, Issue 2 2009Ana Amélia Cardoso Abstract This study examined aspects of reliability and validity of the bilateral coordination and motor sequencing items of the Assessment of Motor Coordination and Dexterity (AMCD) for Brazilian children ages 4, 6 and 8 years old. The AMCD aims to identify children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). A total of 84 children were evaluated. Among the 35 items piloted, all but one presented interrater reliability above 0.80 and 16 (45.7%) items presented intraclass correlation coefficient over 0.60 for test,retest reliability. Most items were sensitive to age difference and only items involving ball handling exhibited significant gender differences. As a result, this section of the AMCD could be reduced to the 20 items that were found to be reliable and more discriminative for age-related differences. This study advances on the development of the AMCD, but a limitation was the noninclusion of children with DCD. Future research should investigate whether the selected items are useful in differentiating the motor skills of children with and without coordination problems. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Interlimb coordination differentiates Brazilian children from two socioeconomic settingsPEDIATRICS INTERNATIONAL, Issue 3 2010Tatiana G. Bobbio Abstract Background:, The aim of the present study was to test the notion that Brazilian children entering private school have a motor function advantage over those entering their first year in public school. Methods:, Four hundred and two children from the two cultural settings were examined for motor function in the first and 10th month of school (first grade). Participants were assessed based on age-level standards and by total score for all items for children 3 to 7 years of age. Results:, The private school group outperformed their public setting peers on the first and second assessment; both groups improved over the school year. The most interesting outcome was the type of motor task that most clearly differentiated the groups: activities requiring gross motor (interlimb) coordination. Conclusion:, Among the recommendations given, it is suggested that motor skill activities, especially those involving interlimb coordination, be included with any type of motor programming for young children. [source] Serotypes of carriage and invasive isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Brazilian children in the era of pneumococcal vaccinesCLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION, Issue 1 2006C. B. Laval Abstract Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae is a key factor in the development of invasive disease and the spread of resistant strains within the community. A single nasopharyngeal swab was obtained from 648 unvaccinated children aged <5 years, either healthy or with acute respiratory tract infection or meningitis, during the winters of 2000 and 2001. The overall pneumococcal carriage rate was 35.8% (95% CI 32.1,39.6). The pneumococcal serotypes found most frequently in the nasopharynx were 14, 6B, 6A, 19F, 10A, 23F and 18C, which included five of the seven serotypes in the currently licensed seven-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV7); serotypes 4 and 9V were less common. Serotypes 1 and 5 were isolated rarely from the nasopharynx. A comparison of 222 nasopharyngeal isolates with 125 invasive isolates, matched for age and time to the carrier isolates, showed a similar prevalence of penicillin non-susceptible pneumococci (PNSp) (19.8% and 19.2%, respectively). PNSp serotypes were similar (6B, 14, 19F, 19 A, 23B and 23F) for carriage and invasive disease isolates. The coverage of PCV7 for carriage isolates (52.2%) and invasive isolates (62.4%) did not differ significantly (p 0.06); similarly, there was no significant difference in PCV7 coverage for carriage isolates (34.5%) and invasive isolates (28.2%) of PNSp. These data suggest that PCV7 has the potential to reduce pneumococcal carriage and the number of carriers of PNSp belonging to vaccine serotypes. [source] Fluoride ingestion from food items and dentifrice in 2,6-year-old Brazilian children living in a fluoridated area using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaireCOMMUNITY DENTISTRY AND ORAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, Issue 4 2009Ana Paula Borges Miziara Abstract,,, Objectives:, The aim of this study was to evaluate the fluoride intake of 2,6-year-old Brazilian children using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) which also estimated fluoride intake from dentifrice. Methods:, The FFQ was previously validated through application to 78 2,6-year-old Brazilian children and then administered to 379 children residing in an optimally fluoridated community in Brazil (Bauru, State of São Paulo). The FFQ was applied to the parents and used to estimate the food intake of the children. The constituents of the diet were divided into solids, water and other beverages. The fluoride content of the diet items was analyzed with the fluoride electrode. The questionnaire also estimated fluoride intake from dentifrice. Results:, The average (±SD) fluoride intake from solids, water, other beverages and dentifrice was 0.008 ± 0.005; 0.011 ± 0.004; 0.009 ± 0.014 and 0.036 ± 0.028 mg F/kg body weight/day, respectively, totalizing 0.064 ± 0.035 mg F/kg body weight/day. The dentifrice and the diet contributed with 56.3% and 43.7% of the daily fluoride intake, respectively. Among the children evaluated, 31.2% are estimated to have risk to develop dental fluorosis (intake>0.07 mg F/kg body weight/day). Conclusions:, The dentifrice was the main source of fluoride intake by the children evaluated. However, the fluoride concentration in food items also significantly contributed to the daily ingestion by 2,6-year-old children. The questionnaire used seems to be a promising alternative to duplicate diet to estimate the fluoride intake at this age range and may have potential to be used in broad epidemiological surveys. [source] | ||||||||||