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Bone Filler (bone + filler)
Selected AbstractsBiomorphic Silicon Carbide Coated with an Electrodeposition of Nanostructured Hydroxyapatite/Collagen as Biomimetic Bone Filler and Scaffold,ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS, Issue 8 2010M. Lelli Abstract The paper describes the method of preparation and chemical/physical characterization of a new biomaterial to be used as a bone substitute and bone-tissue engineering scaffold, which synergistically joins a porous bio-inspired morphology and the mechanical properties of biomorphic silicon carbide (BioSiC) with the surface bioactivity of a nanostructured hydroxyapatite/collagen biomimetic coating. FT-IR spectroscopy and XRD techniques are utilized to determine the chemical coating's composition. The morphology and size of the inorganic and protein components are investigated by TEM. The characteristic morphology of BioSiC channels and pores, which differ as a function of the transversal or longitudinal cross-section and with etching time, are investigated by SEM. Natural wood transformed into BioSiC acts as a cathode in an electrochemically assisted process that produces on its surface a biomimetic coating of hydroxyapatite nanocrystals and reconstituted type I collagen fibrils, producing an innovative apatite/collagen biomimetic porous bone filler and scaffold for tissue engineering. [source] Sinus Lift Using a Nanocrystalline Hydroxyapatite Silica Gel in Severely Resorbed Maxillae: Histological Preliminary StudyCLINICAL IMPLANT DENTISTRY AND RELATED RESEARCH, Issue 2009Luigi Canullo DDS ABSTRACT Purpose: The aim of this preliminary study was to evaluate histologically a nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite silica gel in maxillary sinus floor grafting in severely resorbed maxillae. Materials and Methods: A total of 16 consecutive patients scheduled for sinus lift were recruited during this study. Patients were randomly divided in two groups, eight patients each. In both groups, preoperative residual bone level ranged between 1 and 3 mm (mean value of 2.03 mm). No membrane was used to occlude the buccal window. Second surgery was carried out after a healing period of 3 months in Group 1 and 6 months in Group 2. Using a trephine bur, one bone specimen was harvested from each augmented sinus and underwent histological and histomorphometric analysis. Results: Histological analysis showed significant new bone formation and remodeling of the grafted material. In the cores obtained at 6 months, regenerated bone, residual NanoBone, and bone marrow occupied respectively 48 ± 4.63%, 28 ± 5.33%, and 24 ± 7.23% of the grafted volume. In the specimens taken 3 months after grafting, mean new bone was 8 ± 3.34%, mean NanoBone was 45 ± 5.10%, and mean bone marrow was 47 ± 6.81% of the bioptical volume. Conclusions: Within the limits of this preliminary prospective study, it was concluded that grafting of maxillary sinus using nanostructured hydroxyapatite silica gel as only bone filler is a reliable procedure also in critical anatomic conditions and after early healing period. [source] Injectable calcium phosphate cement as a filler for bone defects around oral implants: an experimental study in goatsCLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH, Issue 3 2002Luca Comuzzi Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical applicability and biological behavior of a newly developed injectable calcium phosphate (Ca-P) cement as bone filler for gaps around oral implants. Twenty-four step-like implants, creating gaps of 1 and 2 mm, were inserted into the trabecular bone of the medial femoral condyles of six goats. Four different situations were tested: (1) implant + gaps; (2) implant + gaps, but covered with a polylactic acid membrane; (3) implant + gaps that were filled with Ca-P cement; and (4) implant + gaps that were filled with Ca-P cement and covered with a membrane. All implants were left in place for 12 weeks. Histological and quantitative histomorphometrical measurements demonstrated that implants + gaps had generally poor bone contact at the implant base. Furthermore, fibrous encapsulation was observed in the gap part. In contrast, the presence of a membrane promoted bone ingrowth into the gap and also the bone contact at the implant base. Injection of Ca-P cement resulted in an almost complete filling of the gaps around the implant. The cement surface was completely covered by bone. Active resorption and remodeling of cement particles was observed, suggesting a pattern of slow resorption associated with full replacement with newly formed bone. Additional use of a membrane did not result in adjunctive benefits. Bone-to-implant contact at the implant base was comparable with the implants provided only with a membrane. In conclusion, the Ca-P cement used here showed excellent clinical handling properties combined with a superior bone behavior. On the other hand, the degradation rate of the material was still very slow. This current characteristic can hamper the final clinical applicability of the material as gap filler for periimplant or periodontal defects. Résumé Le but de l'étude présente a été d'évaluer l'application clinique et le comportement biologique d'un nouveau ciment de calcium de phosphate injectable (Ca-P) comme comblement osseux pour les cavités autour des implantes dentaires. Vingt-quatre implants créant des cavités de 1 et 2 mm ont été insérés dans l'os trabéculaire des condyles fémoraux moyens de six chèvres. Quatre situations différentes ont été testées: 1) implant + cavités; 2) implant = cavités recouvertes par une membrane en acide polylactique, 3) implant + cavités comblées par le ciment Ca-P et 4) implant + cavités comblées par le ciment Ca-P et recouvertes par une membrane. Tous les implants ont été laissés in situ pendant douze semaines. Les mesures histologiques et quantitatives histomorphométriques ont démontré que les implants + cavités avaient généralement un contact osseux pauvre au niveau de la base implantaire. De plus, une encapsulation fibreuse était observée dans la partie cavité. Par contre, la présence d'une membrane favorisait la croissance osseuse dans la cavité ainsi que le contact osseux à la base de l'implant. L'injection du cément Ca-P résultait en une réparation quasi complète des cavités autour de l'implant. La surface cémentaire était complètement recouverte d'os. La résorption active et le remodelage des particules de cément étaient observés, ce qui suggérait un système de résorption lente associéà un remplacement complet par de l'os néóformé. L'usage additionnel d'une membrane ne s'accompagnait pas de bénéfice supplémentaire. Le contact os/implant à la base de l'implant était comparable à celui des implants installés seulement avec une membrane. En conclusion, le ciment Ca-P possèdait des propriétés cliniques excellentes combinées à un comportement osseux supérieur. Par contre le taux de dégradation du matériel était toujours très lent. Cette caractéristique pourrait gêner l'application clinique finale de ce matériel en tant que comblement des cavités autour des implants ou dans les lésions parodontales. Zusammenfassung Das Ziel dieser Studie war es, die klinische Anwendbarkeit und das biologische Verhalten eines neu entwickelten injizierbaren Kalziumphosphatzements (Ca-P) als Knochenfüller bei oralen Implantaten auszuwerten. Vierundzwanzig stufenförmige Implantate, welche Defekte von 1 und 2 mm kreieren, wurden in den trabekulären Knochen der medialen femoralen Kondylen von 6 Ziegen eingesetzt. Vier verschiedene Situationen wurden getestet: 1) Implantat + Defekte; 2) Implantat + Defekte, aber bedeckt mit einer Membran aus Polimilchsäure; 3) Implantat + Defekte, welche mit Ca-P-Zement gefüllt wurden; 4) Implantat + Defekte, welche mit Ca-P-Zement gefüllt und mit einer Membran bedeckt wurden. Alle implantate wurden 12 Wochen belassen. Histologische und quantitative histomorphometrische Messungen zeigten, dass Implantate + Defekte generell schlechten Knochenkontakt an der Implantatbasis aufwiesen. Ausserdem wurde eine fibröse Einkapselung im Bereich der Defekte beobachtet. Im Gegensatz dazu bewirkte die Präsenz einer Membran das Einwachsen von Knochen in die Defekte und der Knochenkontakt an der Implantatbasis wurde gefördert. Die Injektion von Ca-P-Zement resultierte in einer fast kompletten Auffüllung der Defekte um die Implantate. Die Zementoberfläche war völlig mit Knochen bedeckt. Es konnte eine aktive Resorption und eine Remodellierung der Zementpartikel beobachtet werden. Dies lässt ein Muster mit langsamer Resorption assoziiert mit komplettem Ersatz durch neugebildeten Knochen vermuten. Die zusätzliche Verwendung einer Membran brachte keine weiteren Vorteile. Der Knochen-/Implantat-Kontakt an der Implantatbasis war vergleichbar mit den Implantaten, die nur mit einer Membran abgedeckt worden waren. Zusammenfassend kann festgehalten werden, dass der verwendete Ca-P-Zement eine exzellente Handhabung kombiniert mit ausserodentlichem Knochenverhalten zeigte. Andererseits war die Zersetzungsrate des Materials immer noch sehr Gering. Diese momentanen Eigenschaften können letztendlich die klinische Anwendbarkeit des Materials als Defektfüller bei periimplantären und parodontalen Defekten behindern. Resumen La intención del presente estudio fue evaluar la aplicabilidad clínica y el comportamiento biológico de un cemento recientemente desarrollado de fosfato de calcio (Ca-P) como relleno óseo para huecos alrededor de los implantes orales. Se insertaron veinticuatro implantes del tipo escalón creando huecos de 1 y 2 mm en el hueso trabecular de los cóndilos femorales mediales de 6 cabras. Se probaron cuatro situaciones diferentes: 1) implantes + huecos; 2) implantes + huecos, pero cubiertos con una membrana de ácido poliláctico; 3) implantes + huecos que se rellenaron con cemento de Ca-P; y 4) + huecos que se rellenaron con cemento de Ca-P y se cubrieron con una membrana. Todos los implantes se dejaron en su lugar durante 12 semanas. las mediciones histológicas e histomorfométricas cuantitativas demonstraron que los implantes + huecos tuvieron generalmente un contacto óseo pobre en la base del implante. Posteriormente, se observó una encapsulación fibrosa en la parte del hueco. En contraste, la presencia de la membrana promocionó el crecimiento óseo hacia el hueco y también el contacto óseo en la base del implante. La inyección de cemento Ca-P resultó en un casi completo relleno de los huecos alrededor del implante. La superficie del cemento se cubrió completamente de hueso. La reabsorción activa y la remodelación de las partículas de cemento fueron observadas, lo cual sugiere un patrón de reabsorción lenta asociada con una completa sustitución con hueso neoformado. El uso adicional de la membrana no resultó en beneficios adicionales. El contacto hueso implante en la base del implante fue comparable con los implantes que solo tenían la membrana. En conclusión, el uso de cemento de Ca-P mostró excelentes propiedades de manejo clínico combinado con un superior comportamiento óseo. Por otro lado, el índice de degradación del material fue muy lento. Estas características actuales pueden estorbar la aplicabilidad clínica final del material como rellenador de huecos alrededor de defectos periodontales o perimplantarios. [source] The amount of newly formed bone in sinus grafting procedures depends on tissue depth as well as the type and residual amount of the grafted materialJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 2 2005Zvi Artzi Abstract Objectives: Bone replacement substitutes are almost unavoidable in augmentation procedures such as sinus grafting. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the osteoconductive capability of two different scaffold fillers in inducing newly formed bone in this procedure. Material and Methods: Sinus floor augmentation and implant placement were carried out bilaterally in 12 patients. Bovine bone mineral (BBM) was grafted on one side and , -tricalcium phosphate (, -TCP) on the contralateral side. Both were mixed (1:1 ratio) with autogenous cortical bone chips harvested from the mandible by a scraper. Hard tissue specimen cores were retrieved from the augmented sites (at the previous window area) at 12 months. Decalcified sections were stained with haematoxylin,eosin and the fraction area of new bone and filler particles was measured. In addition to the effect of the filler on new bone formation, the latter was tested to determine whether it correlated with the tissue depth and residual amount of the grafted material. Results: Bone area fraction increased significantly from peripheral to deeper areas at both grafted sites in all cores: from 26.0% to 37.7% at the , -TCP sites and from 33.5% to 53.7% at the BBM-grafted sites. At each depth the amount of new bone in BBM sites was significantly greater than that in TCP sites. However, the average area fraction of grafted material particles was similar in both fillers and all depth levels (, -TCP=27.9,23.2% and BBM=29.2,22.6%, NS). A significant negative correlation was found between bone area fraction and particle area fraction at the middle (p=0.009) and deep (p=0.014) depths in the , -TCP sites, but not at the BBM sites. Conclusion: At 12 months post-augmentation, the two examined bone fillers, , -TCP and BBM, promoted new bone formation in sinus grafting but the amount of newly formed bone was significantly greater in BBM-grafted sites. However, both exhibited similar residual grafted material area fraction at this healing period. This could imply that BBM possesses better osteoconductive properties. [source] | ||||||||||