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Blood Lipid Profile (blood + lipid_profile)
Selected AbstractsChinese Cabbage (Brassica campestris L.) does not Improve Glucose Tolerance, Serum Insulin, or Blood Lipid Profiles in a Rat Model of Type-2 DiabetesJOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE, Issue 9 2008M.S. Islam ABSTRACT:, The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of a low (0.5%) and a high (2.0%) dietary dose of freeze-dried Chinese cabbage (CC) (Brassica campestris L.) powder in a type-2 diabetes (T2D) model of rats. Five-week-old male Sprague,Dawley rats were fed a high fat (HF)-containing diet for 2 wk then randomly divided into 4 groups of 8 animals, namely: normal control (NC), diabetic control (DBC), Chinese cabbage low (CCL, 0.5%), and Chinese cabbage high (CCH, 2.0%) groups. Diabetes was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ; 40 mg/kg body weight) in all groups except the NC group. After 4 wk feeding of experimental diets, although food intake was not different among the DBC, CCL, and CCH groups, body weight gain was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the CCH group compared to the DBC group. Relatively higher serum insulin concentrations and better glucose tolerance were observed in the CC-fed groups compared to the DBC group; however, the results were not significantly different. Fasting blood glucose, blood glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), liver weight, and liver glycogen levels were not influenced by the CC-containing diets. Additionally, hypertriglyceridemic tendencies were observed in the CC-fed groups compared to the NC and DBC groups, while difference observed for total-, HDL-, and LDL-cholesterols between the groups were negligible. Results of this study suggest that up to 2% dietary dose of freeze-dried CC is not significantly effective to reduce diabetes-related symptoms in an HF diet-fed STZ-induced T2D model of rats. [source] Changing from a mixed to self-selected vegetarian diet , influence on blood lipidsJOURNAL OF HUMAN NUTRITION & DIETETICS, Issue 5 2002F. Robinson Abstract Objective To observe any changes in serum concentrations of lipids, when UK meat-eaters switch to a self selected vegetarian diet for 6 months. Design Observational study using capillary blood samples and 3-day estimated dietary diary. Setting Free-living subjects in the North-West of England. Subjects Twelve male and 31 female adult volunteers aged between 18 and 42 years. Outcome measures Serum lipids; nutrient intake and anthropometric measurements at baseline and 6 months after switching to a self-selected vegetarian diet. Results Total energy intake and amount of energy derived from saturated fatty acids decreased significantly after changing to a vegetarian diet (P < 0.05) whereas energy derived from carbohydrate, and intakes of nonstarch polysaccharide intake increased. On switching to a vegetarian diet, total cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations were not significantly changed, but HDL-C was 21% higher than at baseline (1.21 mmol L,1 vs. 1.47 mmol L,1; P = 0.001). Conclusions These results suggest that beneficial changes to diet occurred on changing to a self-selected vegetarian diet. Changing to a self-selected vegetarian diet appears to be one way of achieving a better blood lipid profile. [source] Cord blood lipid profile and associated factors: baseline data of a birth cohort studyPAEDIATRIC & PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, Issue 6 2007Roya Kelishadi Summary The cord blood lipid profile may be associated with lifelong changes in the metabolic functions of the individual. The aim of the present study was for the first time in Iran to assess the cord blood lipid profile of neonates, as well as some of its environmental influencing factors. The subjects were 442 (218 boys and 224 girls) normal vaginal delivery newborns. Overall, 14.4% of neonates were preterm and the rest were full-term. In total, 9.2% (n = 35) of the full-term newborns were small-for-gestational-age (SGA), of which 16 had a ponderal index (PI) below the 10th percentile (SGA I) and 19 had a PI above the 10th percentile (SGA II), 5.5% (n = 21) were large-for-gestational-age (LGA), and the remainder were appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA). Before becoming pregnant, 6.9% of mothers were underweight, 49.3% had normal body mass index (BMI), 39.4% were overweight and 4.4% were obese. Total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in girls were significantly higher than in boys (80.3 ± 33.3 and 31.1 ± 9.9 vs. 73.3 ± 23.1 and 28.8 ± 8.7 mg/dL, respectively, P < 0.05). The mean apolipoprotein A (apoA) of neonates with underweight mothers was significantly lower, and the mean apoB level of those with overweight mothers was significantly higher than other neonates. The mean low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL-C and apoA of the LGA newborns were significantly lower, and their apoB was significantly higher compared with AGA and SGA neonates. The SGA I neonates had significantly lower total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C and apoA, as well as higher triglycerides, lipoprotein a and apoB than the SGA II group. The mean cord blood triglycerides of full-term neonates was significantly higher than preterm neonates (69.4 ± 11.9 vs. 61.4 ± 12.7 mg/dL, respectively, P = 0.04). A preconception maternal BMI of ,25 kg/m2 correlated significantly with the cord triglycerides (OR = 1.3, [95% CI 1.07, 1.5]) and with apoB (OR = 1.4, [95% CI 1.1, 1.5]). The BMI <18 of mothers before pregnancy correlated with low HDL-C (OR = 1.3, [95% CI 1.04, 1.7]). Birthweight correlated with high cord triglyceride level (SGA: OR = 1.4, [95% CI 1.1, 1.7]; LGA: OR = 1.6, [95% CI 1.3, 1.7] compared with AGA). These associations remained significant even after adjusting for the preconception BMI of mothers. Our findings reflect the possible interaction of environmental factors and fetal growth and the in utero lipid metabolism. Long-term longitudinal studies in different ethnicities would help to elucidate the relationship. [source] Physical activity, sport, and pediatric diabetesPEDIATRIC DIABETES, Issue 1 2006MC Riddell Abstract:, The benefits derived from regular physical activity include improved cardiovascular fitness, increased lean mass, improved blood lipid profile, enhanced psychosocial well-being, and decreased body adiposity. The benefits for children with diabetes may also include blood glucose control and enhanced insulin sensitivity. However, for these children, engagement in vigorous physical activity and sport must be properly controlled through modifications in insulin therapy and nutritional intake so that the benefits of exercise outweigh the risks. The following review describes the various physiological and metabolic factors which occur both during exercise and during sport while describing specific recommendations to control glucose excursions by proper insulin management and diet. [source] Variations in blood lipid profile, thrombotic system, arterial elasticity and psychosexual parameters in the cases of surgical and natural menopauseAUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 2 2010Volkan TUNA In this study, comparing four different parameters in women with surgical menopause because of ovariectomy in reproductive age and in women with natural menopause, the effect of withdrawal of ovarian hormones on both groups was investigated. The patient groups in this study were constituted of 100 women in reproductive age who had undergone total abdominal hysterectomy + bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and 50 women with natural menopause referred to out-patient's clinic within the same period. The findings for four different parameters were recorded one day before the surgery and at 3rd month post-operatively in surgical menopause group and at the day of referral to outpatient clinic in natural menopause group. The parameters planned to be recorded were blood lipid profile, thrombotic system, arterial elasticity and psychosexual variations. Post-operative high-density lipoprotein level in surgical menopause group was found lower than that of natural menopause group (47.08 vs 52.44 mg/dL, P < 0.05). Post-operative very low density lipoprotein level in surgical menopause group was increased more than that in natural menopause group (27.74 vs 23.58 mg/dL, P < 0.05). An increase was observed in post-operative carotid artery Pulsality Index and Resistive Index levels of surgical menopause group compared with natural menopause group (1.44 vs 1.33, P < 0.001 and 0.73 vs 0.68, P < 0.001 respectively). In surgical menopause group, the differences between pre- and post-operative values of bleeding time (1.15 vs 1.24, P < 0.0001), clotting time (5.9 vs 6.08, P < 0.0001) and fibrinogen level (422 vs 395, P < 0.0001) were found statistically significant. While bleeding time and clotting time were increased post-operatively, fibrinogen level was decreased. A significant increase was observed in post-operative mean Kupperman Index levels of surgical menopause group compared with that of natural menopause group (23.89 vs 9.94, P < 0.001). It was concluded that the ovaries should be considered as important organs impacting women's quality of life with their hormones produced also in the period of menopause; that disadvantages of oophorectomy during hysterectomy should be considered and that an attempt to conserve ovaries during surgery except pre-cancerous events would benefit women. [source] Pharmacoepidemiology of anabolic androgenic steroids: a reviewFUNDAMENTAL & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, Issue 1 2005Ingemar Thiblin Abstract Non-prescribed use of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) has been associated with a number of physical and psychiatric/behavioural complications, some of which are potentially lethal. Here, we review both observational and experimental studies on human subjects concerned with such side-effects. The only physical complication of AAS use that receives definitive support from such investigations is unfavourable changes in blood lipid profiles. Support for various psychiatric complications has also been provided by a number of cross-sectional studies, most involving comparisons between weight-training individuals who use or do not use AAS. Certain of these complications, in particular hypomania and increased aggressiveness, have been confirmed in some, but not all, randomized controlled studies. Epidemiological attempts to determine whether AAS use triggers violent behaviour have failed, primarily because of high rates of non-participation. Studies regarding the prevalence of AAS use in different populations typically report life-time prevalences of 1,5% among adolescents. However, the life-time prevalence (i.e. use on at least one occasion) is of doubtful relevance in attempting to estimate the number of individuals at risk for side-effects, as most of these complications appear to develop during prolonged use of AAS. Furthermore, it is reasonable to assume that the symptoms and signs of AAS use are often overlooked by healthcare professionals, so that the number of cases of possible AAS-related complications is virtually unknown. These limitations, together with an apparently low prevalence of prolonged AAS use among the general population, indicate that future epidemiological research in this area should focus on retrospective case,control studies and, perhaps, also on prospective cohort studies of populations selected for a high prevalence of AAS use, rather than attempting to perform large-scale population-based studies. [source] Thermoregulatory sympathetic nervous system activity and diet-induced waist-circumference reduction in obese Japanese womenAMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY, Issue 6 2009Mami Fujibayashi The present study is designed to investigate how and to what extent sympathovagal behavior in a balanced low-calorie diet relates to favorable changes of body mass, waist circumference, and/or metabolic risk factors. The study involved 28 mildly obese women without clinical complications, who underwent an 8-week calorie restriction program using a 1,200-kcal daily diet with an adequate nutrient content; including two regular meals, and one formula meal replacement. All subjects were examined before and after the dietary intervention. We measured anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, and biochemical blood profiles for lipid metabolism. Autonomic nervous system activity was evaluated by heart rate variability power spectral analysis. The dietary intervention induced moderate, but significant reduction of waist circumference (,5.3% ± 0.8%), body fat percentage (,5.8% ± 0.8%), and body mass (,6.6% ± 0.5%). Linear regression analysis showed that ,very low frequency (VLF) power reflecting energy metabolic- and thermoregulatory sympathetic function significantly correlated to ,waist circumference (r = ,0.53, P < 0.01), ,body fat percentage (r = ,0.39, P < 0.05), ,body mass (r = ,0.43, P < 0.05), ,HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio (HDL-C/TC) (r = 0.62, P < 0.001), and ,nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) (r = 0.56, P < 0.01). A stepwise multiple regression analysis additionally revealed that ,waist circumference (P = 0.024), ,HDL-C/TC (P = 0.013), and ,NEFA (P = 0.016) were significant and independent factors, which contributing to the variance in ,VLF power (r2 = 0.61). Although causes and consequences of obesity continue to elude researchers, the present study indicates that thermoregulatory sympathetic activity relates to moderate waist-circumference reduction together with favorable changes of blood lipid profiles after short-term dietary modification in mildly obese women. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Antioxidant enzyme activities and DNA damage in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus after 12 weeks of exerciseACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 8 2010J Woo Abstract Objective:, The objectives of this study are to assess the effects of a low-intensity exercise training which is not risky for children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) on the antioxidant enzyme activities and oxidative stresses compared with healthy controls. Patients and methods:, We studied 10 boys with T1DM (11.21 ± 0.97 age) and 10 age-matched healthy controls (11.90 ± 1.85 age) during the 12 weeks of moderate intensity aerobic exercise. Measurements included peak oxygen uptake, body composition, blood lipid profiles, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), 8-hydroxy-2,-deoxyguanosine, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities. Results:, In T1DM patients, the baseline diastolic blood pressure and HbA1c were higher than that in controls (p < 0.05), while the GPx level was lower. The training-induced DNA damage peak was higher in T1DM patients than in controls (p < 0.05), and exercise improved both SOD and GPx levels. Conclusion:, Although our exercise programme increase antioxidant enzyme activities, the results of the study demonstrate that low-intensity aerobic exercise training programme performed over 12 weeks may accelerate adverse effects of antioxidant defence capacity in children with T1DM. Therefore, the future studies should be performed to clarify much more the relationship to exercise and antioxidant capacity in children with T1DM. [source] | ||||||||||